Brain hemorrhage recurrence, small vessel disease type, and cerebral microbleeds: A meta-analysis.

Objective: We evaluated recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) risk in ICH survivors, stratified by the presence, distribution, and number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on MRI (i.e., the presumed causal underlying small vessel disease and its severity).

The Cerebral Haemorrhage Anatomical RaTing inStrument (CHARTS): Development and assessment of reliability.

Purpose: The causes, risk factors and prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) are partly determined by anatomical location (specifically, lobar vs. non-lobar (deep and infratentorial) regions). We systematically developed a rating instrument to reliably classify ICH location.

Impaired renal function is related to deep and mixed, but not strictly lobar cerebral microbleeds in patients with ischaemic stroke and TIA.

The vasculature of the brain and kidneys are similarly vulnerable to hypertension, so their microvascular damage may be correlated. We investigated the relationship of renal function to the anatomical distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), a marker of underlying cerebral small vessel disease (hypertensive arteriopathy or cerebral amyloid angiopathy), in a Western patient cohort. This was a retrospective study of referrals to a hospital stroke service.

Prevalence and cognitive impact of medial temporal atrophy in a hospital stroke service: retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration cause cognitive impairment and frequently coexist.

Aims: Our objectives were to investigate the prevalence and cognitive impact of medial temporal lobe atrophy - a radiological marker often associated with Alzheimer's disease - in a hospital stroke service.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients from a hospital stroke service.

Strictly lobar microbleeds are associated with executive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a marker of small vessel diseases, including hypertensive arteriopathy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and may be associated with cognitive impairment. The relationship between CMBs and cognitive function in ischemic cerebrovascular disease remains uncertain. We, therefore, investigated the cognitive impact of CMBs in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Spectrum of transient focal neurological episodes in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: multicentre magnetic resonance imaging cohort study and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: Transient focal neurological episodes (TFNE) are recognized in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and may herald a high risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to determine their prevalence, clinical neuroimaging spectrum, and future ICH risk.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 172 CAA patients.

Association of cerebral microbleeds in acute ischemic stroke with high serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor.

Objective: To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are associated with the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients after acute ischemic stroke.

Design: A cross-sectional study that used blood samples obtained within 24 hours of symptom onset from patients who experienced acute stroke to measure VEGF levels by enzyme immunoassay. A validated CMB rating scale was used to analyze acutely acquired magnetic resonance images, with the rater blind to clinical details and VEGF levels.

Acute ischaemic brain lesions in intracerebral haemorrhage: multicentre cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Subclinical acute ischaemic lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging have recently been described in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage, and may be important to understand pathophysiology and guide treatment. The underlying mechanisms are uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that ischaemic lesions are related to magnetic resonance imaging markers of the severity and type of small-vessel disease (hypertensive arteriopathy or cerebral amyloid angiopathy) in a multicentre, cross-sectional study.

Microbleed detection using automated segmentation (MIDAS): a new method applicable to standard clinical MR images.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds, visible on gradient-recalled echo (GRE) T2* MRI, have generated increasing interest as an imaging marker of small vessel diseases, with relevance for intracerebral bleeding risk or brain dysfunction.

Methodology/principal Findings: Manual rating methods have limited reliability and are time-consuming. We developed a new method for microbleed detection using automated segmentation (MIDAS) and compared it with a validated visual rating system.

Cerebral microbleeds and vascular cognitive impairment.

MRI manifestations of small vessel diseases including white matter hyperintensities and lacunes have been recognized as potential substrates of vascular cognitive impairment for many years. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs)--small, perviascular haemorrhages seen as small, well-demarcated, hypointense, rounded lesions on MRI sequences sensitive to magnetic susceptibility effects--are also now recognized as an imaging marker for small vessel pathology, but their clinical impact on cognition remains uncertain. CMBs are present in about a third of patients with ischaemic stroke, and in a high proportion of patients with Alzheimer's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and vascular dementia.

Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use.

MRI detection of new microbleeds in patients with ischemic stroke: five-year cohort follow-up study.

Background And Purpose: Little is known about the development of cerebral microbleeds in patients with ischemic stroke. We studied the incidence of new microbleeds in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack screened for microbleeds at baseline.

Methods: Twenty-one surviving patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were followed up after a mean interval of 5.