Diffuson-Dominated Thermal Transport Crossover From Ordered to Liquid-Like CuBiS: The Negligible Role of Ion Hopping.

Fundamentally understanding lattice dynamics and thermal transport behavior in liquid-like, partially occupied compounds remains a long-standing challenge in condensed matter physics. Here, the microscopic mechanisms are investigated underlying the ultralow thermal conductivity in ordered/liquid-like CuBiS by combining experimental methods with first-principles calculations. The ordered structure and liquid-like are first experimentally synthesized and characterized, partially Cu-atom occupied CuBiS structure with increasing temperature.

Sugars and sucrose transporters in pollinia of Phalaenopsis aphrodite (Orchidaceae).

The pollen grains of Phalaenopsis orchids are clumped tightly together, packed in pollen dispersal units called pollinia. In this study, the morphology, cytology, biochemistry, and sucrose transporters in pollinia of Phalaenopsis orchids were investigated. Histochemical detection was used to characterize the distribution of sugars and callose at the different development stages of pollinia.

Fate of antibiotics during membrane separation followed by physical-chemical treatment processes.

Membrane separation technology has been widely utilised to obtain clean permeate and concentrated nutrients from biogas digested slurry. However, some antibiotics are frequently found in digested slurry. Antibiotic removal during the steps, including paper filtration (PF), hollow-fibre membrane ultrafiltration (HF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), of combined membrane separation processing (CMP) remain poorly understood.

Photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using N-doped TiO: Optimization, mechanism, identification of intermediates and toxicity evaluation.

In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of Norfloxacin (NOR) has been studied using N-doped TiO (N-TiO) under visible light irradiation, which was synthesized from a self-owned patent recipe and procedure. Subsequently, a three-factor five-level model, which was based on the central composite design (CCD), was developed to determine the optimal NOR concentration, N-TiO dosage, and initial pH in practical use. Meanwhile, the degradation pathway was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS).

Using electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry to characterize organic compounds separated on thin-layer chromatography plates.

Electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization (ELDI), an ionization method that combines laser desorption and electrospray ionization (ESI), can be used under ambient conditions to characterize organic compounds (including FD&C dyes, amines, extracts of a drug tablet) separated in the central track on a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate coated with either reversed-phase C18 particles or normal-phase silica gel. After drying, the TLC plate was placed on an acrylic sample holder set in front of the sampling skimmer of an ion trap mass analyzer. The chemicals at the center of the TLC plate were analyzed by pushing the sample holder into the path of a laser beam with a syringe pump.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the detection of hemoglobins as the protein biomarkers for fecal occult blood.

In this study, we discover that hemoglobins (Hb), highly water-soluble globular proteins that are the most predominant proteins detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in blood, can be used as protein biomarkers for fecal occult blood (FOB). Hemoglobins were extracted from the feces with pure water and separated from the solids in feces through centrifugation. Singly charged molecular ions of Hb-related alpha chains (theoretical MW: 15 126) and beta chains (theoretical MW: 15 867) were detected by MALDI-TOF operated in linear mode using 4-hydroxy-alpha-cyanocinnamic acid (alpha-CHC) as the matrix (with a volumetric ratio of 1:1).

Diagnosis of occult blood in human feces using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Background: Guaiac-based chemical tests may be the most cost-effective for routine screening of fecal occult blood (FOB). Unfortunately, such approaches still suffer from the unreliability of the incidence of false-positive and false-negative results in subjects who are on an unrestricted diet. We developed a rapid, automatic, and reliable detection method for FOB using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Characterization of the chemical components on the surface of different solids with electrospray-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry.

In this study we demonstrate that electrospray-assisted laser desorption ionization (ELDI) mass spectrometry (MS) can be used to rapidly characterize major chemical components on the surfaces of different solids under ambient conditions. The major chemical components in (a) dried milks with different fat contents, (b) different color-regions of a painting, (c) the thin coating on a compact disc, (d) drug tablets, and (e) porcine brain tissue were rapidly characterized as protonated molecules [M+H](+) or sodiated molecules [M+Na](+) by ELDI-MS with minimum sample pretreatment. The ionized ions of synthetic polymer and dye standards were detected directly from dried sample solutions using either positive or negative ion mode.