Evaluation of Delayed Initiation of Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma.

Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is considered a potentially curative therapy for multiple myeloma, disease progression after allo-HCT remains a major limitation. Post-transplant maintenance therapy may help reduce the risk of relapse. Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory agent, has demonstrated efficacy in multiple myeloma, but its use after allo-HCT is limited due to concerns regarding graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Fatal pneumonia with repeated detection of Talaromyces columbinus two years after haploidentical transplantation.

Talaromyces columbinus was previously reported in two patients with lung infections under the name Penicillium piceum and one case of dual infection with Aspergillus calidoustus was recently reported.; currently, no treatment has been established. We identified a 61-year-old woman with fatal pneumonia with repeated detection of T.

Rapid tapering of cyclosporine after allogeneic transplantation for high-risk hematological malignancies.

Rapid tapering of cyclosporine (CsA) in the early phase after allogeneic transplantation may induce a potent graft-versus-leukemia/lymphoma (GVL) effect. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of patients with high-risk hematological malignancies who underwent their first transplantation at our institution. The blood CsA concentration was maintained at around 300 ng/ml.

Risk-Adapted Letermovir Prophylaxis Based on a Scoring System Predicting a Higher Burden of Cytomegalovirus Exposure After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

We previously reported that the area under the curve of log-transformed cytomegalovirus antigenemia (CMV-AUC) until 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) was associated with an increased risk of non-relapse mortality. We applied a risk-adapted letermovir (LTV) prophylaxis strategy guided by a risk score that predicts a higher CMV-AUC. First, we retrospectively analyzed 278 allo-HCT recipients between 2007 and 2017 (Period 1).

Allogeneic stem cell transplant with TBI-based myeloablative conditioning in adolescents and young adults with Philadelphia chromosome-negative ALL treated with pediatric protocols.

To investigate the safety of total body irradiation-based myeloablative conditioning (TBI-MAC) in adolescent and young adult (AYA) Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients treated with pediatric protocols, treatment outcomes of 106 AYA patients aged 16-39 years old undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) with TBI-MAC in the first remission were compared according to chemotherapy types before transplant. Pediatric and adult protocols were used in 56 and 50 of the patients, respectively. The cumulative incidence (CI) of non-relapse mortality (NRM) and the overall survival (OS) rates were not significantly different between the pediatric-protocol and adult-protocol group (NRM: 4 % vs.

[Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis preceding central nervous system relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

We report the case of a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis prior to central nervous system (CNS) relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). He was diagnosed with DLBCL of the paranasal sinus in June 2022. After treatment with 6 cycles of R-GCVP (rituximab, gemcitabine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone) and 2 cycles of high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), complete remission was confirmed.

[Invasive candidiasis after hematopoietic cell transplantation].

Candida species are the second most frequent fungal pathogen of invasive fungal disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) following Aspergillus species. Prolonged severe neutropenia and mucocutaneous barrier impairment resulting from the conditioning regimen or central venous catheter placement are major risk factors for invasive candidiasis in the early phase after HCT. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and corticosteroid use affect the development of invasive candidiasis in the post-engraftment phase after allogeneic HCT.

Treatment strategy at the decision for allogeneic transplantation in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome in the era of azacitidine: A KSGCT prospective study.

The optimal bridge strategy at the decision for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is unclear. We performed a prospective observational study in which 110 patients with MDS who were decided to undergo HSCT were enrolled. Among these 110 patients, 77 patients were enrolled in this study within 1 month from the decision for HSCT.

Antibody-mediated pathogenesis of chronic GVHD through DBY/HLA class II complexes and induction of a GVL effect.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a multiorgan syndrome with clinical features resembling those of autoimmune diseases. Thus, understanding commonalities in the pathophysiology of cGVHD and autoimmune diseases, such as the presence of disease-risk HLA alleles, is imperative for developing novel therapies against cGVHD. Alloantibodies against H-Y antigens encoded on the Y-chromosome are well-described risk factors for cGVHD in female-to-male transplantation.

Association Between Candidemia and Noninfectious Interstitial Pneumonia After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: JSTCT Transplant Complications Working Group.

Background: α-mannan from reportedly induces Th17-mediated pulmonary graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in mouse models. This study aimed to evaluate the association between candidemia and noninfectious interstitial pneumonia (IP) in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients.

Methods: Using a Japanese transplant registry database, we analyzed 9143 pediatric and adult patients with hematological malignancies who underwent their first (n = 7531) or second (n = 1612) allogeneic HCT between 2009 and 2019.

Efficacy and safety of isavuconazole against deep-seated mycoses: A phase 3, randomized, open-label study in Japan.

Objectives: Isavuconazole is a convenient triazole antifungal agent with a broad antifungal spectrum. A randomized, open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471988) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of isavuconazole in Japanese patients with deep-seated mycoses.

Cell-Free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy during Hemodialysis for Intradialytic Hypotension and Intractable Ascites.

A 60-year-old woman with POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome and intractable ascites presented with acute renal failure and received hemodialysis (HD) therapy. Due to frequent intradialytic hypotension, ultrafiltration with cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) was performed to adequately manage the body fluid status and massive ascites. During HD with CART, her blood pressure was maintained compared with that during HD without CART, and an ultrafiltration volume of 3.