Publications by authors named "Shuang-En Chuang"
Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone in lung cancer treatment, yet emerging evidence suggests that sublethal low doses may inadvertently enhance the malignancy. This study investigates the paradoxical effects of sublethal low-dose chemotherapy on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, emphasizing the role of Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10). We found that sublethal doses of chemotherapy unexpectedly increased cancer cell migration approximately 2-fold and invasion approximately threefold, potentially promoting metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/purpose: Oral cancer is a prevalent malignancy affecting men globally. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of miR-34a in oral cancer cells through the Axl/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathway and its impact on cellular malignancy.
Materials And Methods: We examined the effects of miR-34a overexpression on the malignancy of oral cancer cells.
Article Synopsis
- Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men and poses significant treatment challenges when it progresses to an androgen-refractory state, reducing the effectiveness of standard therapies.
- Recent research is focusing on natural products, particularly dietary phytochemicals, to find better treatment strategies.
- This study demonstrated that combining lovastatin with a folk mushroom extract significantly improves treatment outcomes for androgen-refractory PC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and reducing key markers associated with cancer progression and stemness compared to using either treatment alone.
AXL transcriptionally up-regulates TMEM14A expression to mediate cell proliferation in non-small-cell lung cancer cells.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of the AXL receptor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), focusing on its influence on tumor progression and treatment resistance.
- Researchers found that silencing AXL in NSCLC cells led to the identification of TMEM14A as a gene that is significantly up-regulated, especially in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to normal ones.
- Evidence suggests that higher levels of TMEM14A correlate with poorer survival rates in LUAD patients, and its silencing reduces cell growth, indicating it could be a valuable target for enhancing therapies against NSCLC.
Article Synopsis
- * Despite the effectiveness of EGFR kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), resistance often develops due to alternative pathways like AXL and MET activation, linked to EMT characteristics.
- * The study found that AXL phosphorylation stabilizes MIG6, a negative regulator of EGFR signaling, indicating a complex interplay that could enhance our understanding of cancer treatment strategies.
Correction: Periostin promotes ovarian cancer metastasis by enhancing M2 macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts via integrin-mediated NF-κB and TGF-β2 signaling.
Sheng-Chieh Lin
,
Yi-Chu Liao
,
Po-Ming Chen
,
Ya-Yu Yang
,
Yi-Hsiang Wang
,
Chi-Mu Chuang
,
Shuang-En Chuang
J Biomed Sci
July 2023
Article Synopsis
- Ovarian cancer is highly lethal due to late diagnosis and ineffective treatments, and the role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression is not fully understood.
- Research identified periostin (POSTN), a protein found in higher levels in aggressive ovarian cancer cells, which plays a key role in promoting tumor growth and metastasis through specific signaling pathways.
- Experimental studies demonstrated that higher POSTN levels lead to increased cancer cell migration and invasion, as well as enhanced attraction of immune cells, specifically M2 macrophages, contributing to tumor spreading.
Article Synopsis
- Cisplatin is a common chemotherapy drug used for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its effectiveness is often reduced due to the development of resistance in cancer stem cell-like populations.
- The study found that a combination of selenium yeast (Se-Y) and fish oil (FO) significantly enhances the apoptosis (programmed cell death) of resistant cancer cells, specifically A549 NSCLC sphere cells, by reversing their resistance to cisplatin.
- This nutrient combination works by counteracting key molecular features associated with resistance and cancer stem cell properties, suggesting it could improve treatment outcomes for NSCLC patients receiving cisplatin.
Article Synopsis
- Drug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major challenge, with cancer stem cells (CSCs) playing a critical role in recurrence and metastasis, making the understanding and targeting of CSCs essential for improving treatment outcomes.
- In the study, various molecular techniques were employed to specifically target keratin 17 (KRT17) in OSCC cells, which were assessed for their growth, stemness, and invasive characteristics through functional assays and a mouse tumor model.
- Results showed that high KRT17 expression is linked to increased invasiveness and poor survival in OSCC, while knocking down KRT17 reduced stemness traits and led to the identification of a novel signaling pathway that promotes cancer cell progression.
LC3A-mediated autophagy regulates lung cancer cell plasticity.
Chia-Cheng Miao
,
Wen Hwang
,
Ling-Yi Chu
,
Li-Hao Yang
,
Cam-Thu Ha
,
Shuang-En Chuang
,
Chuang-Rung Chang
Autophagy
April 2022
Article Synopsis
- The text provides a list of acronyms and their full forms related to biological processes and molecules, primarily focusing on autophagy and cell transition.
- Key proteins and genes mentioned include MAP1LC3 (involved in autophagy) and SNAI2, highlighting their roles in cellular functions such as EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition).
- The mention of techniques like ChIP-qPCR and RT-qPCR indicates a focus on gene expression and regulatory mechanisms within cells.
Article Synopsis
- PG2, an injectable polysaccharide from traditional Chinese medicine, is known for its immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in managing cancer-related fatigue.
- In a study of lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 and CL1-2), PG2 did not inhibit cell growth but significantly reduced cell migration and invasion while promoting the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing levels of vimentin and AXL.
- The mechanism involves the reduction of the inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leading to decreased aggressiveness in cancer cells; this was confirmed in SCID mice, where PG2 treatment resulted in fewer lung and abdominal metastases.
Article Synopsis
- * This study investigates how combining omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil and selenium can reverse gefitinib resistance in HCC827 NSCLC cells by addressing specific cellular stress response elements.
- * The combination of fish oil and selenium enhances the effectiveness of gefitinib by promoting cell death and reducing markers associated with cancer stem cells and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, suggesting a potential strategy for overcoming treatment resistance in NSCLC.
Article Synopsis
- * The RNA binding protein PTBP1 has been identified as a key modulator that directly targets and decreases the stability of AXL mRNA, thereby inhibiting its expression.
- * Reduced levels of PTBP1 are associated with increased AXL expression in lung tumors, indicating that targeting the PTBP1-AXL pathway could lead to new cancer therapies aimed at combating metastasis and drug resistance.
Article Synopsis
- Malignant glioma (MG) is a challenging brain tumor that tends to recur despite aggressive treatments, highlighting the need for better therapeutic options.
- This study investigated the effects of oligo-fucoidan (OF), derived from brown seaweed, on MG cells and found that OF significantly reduced the growth of malignant cells while having a minimal impact on normal astrocyte cells.
- OF works by inhibiting specific proteins involved in DNA methylation and promoting differentiation markers; its effectiveness can be enhanced when used alongside existing clinical DNMT inhibitors like decitabine, suggesting a promising new treatment strategy for MG.
Protective Effect of Extract against Irradiation-Induced Acute Hepatitis.
Int J Mol Sci
February 2019
Article Synopsis
- Radiotherapy used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can cause severe side effects, including acute hepatitis and chronic fibrosis.
- Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), specifically the medicinal fungus known as ACE, has shown promising anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-cancer effects.
- In studies, ACE demonstrated protective effects against radiotoxicity in liver cells and tumor-bearing mice by eliminating harmful free radicals and reducing acute hepatitis symptoms.
Background: TNS2 is a focal adhesions protein and a binding partner for many proteins, including the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl. Although TNS2 can bind with Axl, the details of their interactions have not been elucidated. TNS2 is involved in IRS-1 signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Selenium has been studied for cancer prevention and treatment, but its clinical effectiveness remains uncertain; recent research aimed to enhance its efficacy by combining selenium yeast with fish oil in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
- The combination of selenium yeast and fish oil showed a synergistic effect, leading to increased apoptosis and growth inhibition in cancer cells while being ineffective in normal fetal lung fibroblast cells.
- The study revealed that this synergy activates certain pathways, notably involving AMPK, which enhances pro-apoptotic markers and reduces protective proteins, indicating potential for using this combination in lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of CDA-2, a human urine extract, on PC12 cells undergoing apoptosis due to serum deprivation.
- The results showed that CDA-2 can reduce cell death in a dose-dependent manner and promotes changes in cell morphology similar to nerve growth factor (NGF), but it does not lead to cell proliferation like NGF does.
- The mechanism behind CDA-2's effects appears to involve the activation of the ERK signaling pathway, which is important for cell differentiation.
Corrigendum to "Honokiol Eliminates Human Oral Cancer Stem-Like Cells Accompanied with Suppression of Wnt/-Catenin Signaling and Apoptosis Induction".
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
November 2017
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2013/146136.].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally, and current therapies targeting certain pathways are insufficient for most patients, highlighting the need for new treatments.
- The study investigated the effects of a medicinal fungus-derived extract, HS7, on NSCLC cells, revealing that it significantly inhibits key cancer-related signaling pathways (AKT-mTOR, ERK, and STAT3) and promotes cell death.
- HS7 showed potential as an alternative treatment for NSCLC, especially for cases resistant to existing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), by inducing important cell cycle regulators and suppressing cancer cell proliferation.
Article Synopsis
- - KG-135, a formulation containing specific ginsenosides, inhibits lung cancer cells (A549) by arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase and promoting the tumor suppressor FOXO3a, while showing limited apoptosis.
- - The study found that KG-135 induces autophagy in an unusual manner, increasing the autophagy marker LC3-II and the protein p62, rather than the typical marker Beclin-1.
- - Blocking autophagy with hydroxychloroquine enhances KG-135's ability to activate apoptotic pathways, leading to increased apoptosis, suggesting that combining KG-135 with autophagy inhibitors could be an effective cancer treatment strategy.
Chinese Herbal Mixture, Tien-Hsien Liquid, Induces G2/M Cycle Arrest and Radiosensitivity in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells through Mechanisms Involving DNMT1 and Rad51 Downregulation.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
August 2016
Article Synopsis
- * In research involving MCF-7 breast cancer cells, THL was found to downregulate DNMT1, a protein that is typically overexpressed in cancer, leading to the activation of tumor suppressors like p21 and p15.
- * THL not only halted the cell cycle at the G2/M phase but also enhanced the effectiveness of radiation therapy by increasing cell death and reducing DNA repair protein Rad51 levels, suggesting its potential as a valuable cancer treatment and a candidate for further clinical trials.
Article Synopsis
- Honokiol, derived from Magnolia officinalis, shows promise for cancer treatment by targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis.
- In laboratory studies, honokiol induced apoptosis in CSCs by affecting key signaling pathways and stemness markers, resulting in reduced tumor growth.
- The findings indicate honokiol's potential as a treatment for oral cancer by inhibiting CSC activity and tumor angiogenesis, suggesting its role as a possible integrative medicine.
The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase is frequently overexpressed in cancers and is important in cancer invasion/metastasis and chemoresistance. Here, we demonstrate a regulatory feedback loop between AXL and microRNA (miRNA) at the post-transcriptional level. Both the GAS6-binding domain and the kinase domain of AXL, particularly the Y779 tyrosine phosphorylation site, are shown to be crucial for this autoregulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccumulating evidence has revealed that fucoidan exhibits anti-tumor activities by arresting cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in many types of cancer cells including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Exploring its effect on microRNA expression, we found that fucoidan markedly upregulated miR-29b of human HCC cells. The induction of miR-29b was accompanied with suppression of its downstream target DNMT3B in a dose-dependent manner.
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