Transarterial Embolization for Chronic Postsurgical or Posttraumatic Pain of Musculoskeletal Origin: Clinical Outcomes and Imaging Correlates.

Chronic postsurgical or posttraumatic pain (CPSP) is a persistent pain condition lasting beyond three months after tissue injury, often associated with neuropathic features and pathological angiogenesis. This study investigated the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic potential of transarterial embolization (TAE) in patients with CPSP arising from prior musculoskeletal surgeries or interventions. Six patients with refractory pain and imaging evidence of abnormal neovascularization were retrospectively reviewed.

Alteration of the gut microbiota in children following SARS- CoV-2 infection in 2021 and 2022 pandemics.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although the role of intestinal microbiota in adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been studied, limited research exists on children. This study was performed to investigate the clinical significance and association of intestinal microbiota composition in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 2021 and 2022 pandemic waves in Taiwan.

Seasonal variation of pediatric asthma exacerbations and its association with asthma phenotypes.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the associations of blood inflammatory phenotypes with acute pediatric asthma exacerbations during different seasons and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 32,160 pediatric asthma patients from January 2008 to December 2021. Asthma blood inflammatory phenotypes were categorized based on low (L) and high (H) eosinophils (E) and neutrophils (N) (LBE/HBE: ≥ 0.

Extreme temperatures modulate gene expression in the airway epithelium of the lungs in mice and asthma patients.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of extreme temperatures on the gene signature and pathways of airway epithelial cells in mice and asthma patients.

Methods: We investigated the effects of temperature exposure at normal (22°C), and extreme low (10°C), high (40°C) and temperature fluctuation (40°C for 2 h followed by 10°C for next 2 h) in B6.-D mice and pediatric and adult patient's airway epithelial exposed to extreme temperatures.

Morphological differences between residual childhood hip dysplasia with previous osteotomy and adolescent-onset hip dysplasia.

Background: Hip dysplasia (HD) at skeletal maturity can result from residual developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) treated in childhood or from primary adolescent-onset HD (AOHD). This study aims to compare the pathomorphology of these two HD subtypes with that of a normal control group.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic HD between 2013 and 2020.

Hydrogen-Rich Water (HRW) Reduces Fatty Acid-Induced Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress Damage through Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in HepG2 Cells.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. Intracellular oxidative stress induced by lipid accumulation leads to various hepatocellular injuries including fibrosis. However, no effective method for mitigating MASLD without substantial side effects currently exists.

The Role of AKR1B10 in Lung Cancer Malignancy Induced by Sublethal Doses of Chemotherapeutic Drugs.

Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone in lung cancer treatment, yet emerging evidence suggests that sublethal low doses may inadvertently enhance the malignancy. This study investigates the paradoxical effects of sublethal low-dose chemotherapy on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, emphasizing the role of Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10). We found that sublethal doses of chemotherapy unexpectedly increased cancer cell migration approximately 2-fold and invasion approximately threefold, potentially promoting metastasis.

Corrigendum: Unraveling the interplay between norovirus infection, gut microbiota, and novel antiviral approaches: a comprehensive review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.

NAD(P)H:quinone Oxidoreductase 1 Is Involved in AZ-1-induced Apoptotic Effects in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma TW01 Cells.

Background/aim: Current NPC treatment methods have improved the 5-year survival rates of patients; however, some patients do not benefit from the treatments. Therefore, the existing treatment methods or new drugs must be developed to improve the patient's prognosis. NAD (P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), an electron reductase highly expressed in various cancers, can convert aziridinyl-substituted quinone-derived compound into an alkylating agent, resulting in cell apoptosis.

The favorable outcome of Bernese periacetabular osteotomy for the hip osteoarthritis in multiple epiphyseal dysplasia.

Background: Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is a rare congenital bone dysplasia. Patients with MED develop secondary hip osteoarthritis as early as the third to the fourth decade. Currently, there is no consensus on the prevention of the progressive hip osteoarthritis secondary to MED.

Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment versus Standard Medical Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke with Basilar Artery Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although endovascular treatment (EVT) is beneficial for large vessel occlusion in anterior circulation stroke, whether these benefits exist for basilar artery occlusion (BAO) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the outcomes of patients with BAO undergoing EVT and standard medical treatment (SMT).

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for eligible randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs involving patients with acute ischemic stroke and BAO undergoing EVT or SMT.

Unraveling the interplay between norovirus infection, gut microbiota, and novel antiviral approaches: a comprehensive review.

Norovirus infection is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide and can also cause harmful chronic infections in individuals with weakened immune systems. The role of the gut microbiota in the interactions between the host and noroviruses has been extensively studied. While most past studies were conducted or focused on murine noroviruses, recent research has expanded to human noroviruses using or human intestinal enteroids culture studies.

Osteoporosis care after hip fracture: Observation from national health insurance database and fracture liaison services.

Background: The objective of this research was to report the trend of osteoporosis care after hip fractures from usual care (UC) and to compare the quality of care with those who received fracture liaison services (FLSs).

Methods: Data on osteoporosis care for patients with hip fracture were acquired from the National Health Insurance claims (UC group), and surveys from FLS programs (FLS group). A total of 183,300 patients receiving UC and 3010 patients receiving FLS were studied.

Denosumab Attenuates Glucolipotoxicity-Induced β-Cell Dysfunction and Apoptosis by Attenuating RANK/RANKL Signals.

Obesity is strongly associated with insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes (T2D), mainly because free fatty acids (FFAs) are released from excess fat tissue. Long-term exposure to high levels of FFAs and glucose leads to glucolipotoxicity, causing damage to pancreatic β-cells, thus accelerating the progression of T2D. Therefore, the prevention of β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis is essential to prevent the development of T2D.

Extreme weather and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Climate change's influence on extreme weather events poses a significant threat to the morbidity and mortality of asthma patients. The aim of this study was to examine associations between extreme weather events and asthma-related outcomes.

Methods: A systematic literature search for relevant studies was performed using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and ProQuest databases.

Viral Pneumonia during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019-2021 Evoking Needs for SARS-CoV-2 and Additional Vaccinations.

Coronaviruses can cause pneumonia, with clinical symptoms that may be similar to the symptoms of other viral pneumonias. To our knowledge, there have been no reports regarding cases of pneumonia caused by coronaviruses and other viruses among hospitalized patients in the past 3 years before and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we analysed the causes of viral pneumonia among hospitalized patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2019-2021).

Molecular and Genetics-Based Systems for Tracing the Evolution and Exploring the Mechanisms of Human Norovirus Infections.

Human noroviruses (HuNoV) are major causes of acute gastroenteritis around the world. The high mutation rate and recombination potential of noroviruses are significant challenges in studying the genetic diversity and evolution pattern of novel strains. In this review, we describe recent advances in the development of technologies for not only the detection but also the analysis of complete genome sequences of noroviruses and the future prospects of detection methods for tracing the evolution and genetic diversity of human noroviruses.

Epidemiology and clinical impact of osteoporosis in Taiwan: A 12-year trend of a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Osteoporosis increases the fracture and mortality risk of patients and has a higher disease burden than some cancers. Therefore, global concerns regarding the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis have been raised. However, fast-aging Taiwan lacks national epidemiological data on osteoporosis in recent years.