Training systems affect spatial distribution of Korla fragrant pear ( Yu) fruits by altering canopy structure and light distribution.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the relationship between canopy structure and fruit spatial distribution, establish a model linking canopy light distribution with fruit positioning, and identify optimal training strategies for consistently high yield. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing modern cultivation practices in Korla fragrant pear orchards.

Methods: Four training treatments were established: precision pruning, reduction, falling head, and thinning.

[Research progress in the fungal bioluminescence pathway].

The fungal bioluminescence pathway (FBP) catalyzes the oxidation of endogenous caffeic acid to produce green bioluminescence through an enzymatic cascade. Genetic engineering of FBP into plants creates autoluminescent specimens that circumvent the substrate limitations of conventional reporter systems. These transgenic plants serve dual functions as aesthetic displays and versatile biosensing platforms, enabling applications in real-time gene expression monitoring, continuous environmental surveillance, and non-invasive bioimaging, offering novel opportunities for horticultural production, environmental conservation, and bioengineering applications.

Proteomic mechanism of sugar and organic acid metabolism during Korla fragrant pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü) fruit development.

Korla fragrant pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü) fruit development involves complex physiological and biochemical processes; however, few data are available at the proteomic and metabolomic levels, which would be helpful for understanding the molecular mechanisms of fruit and quality development. Here, Korla fragrant pear was investigated across three stages, namely, early development (5 weeks after flower blooming, WAF), middle development (10WAF), and near ripening (15WAF), via tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling technology and ultra-performance liquid chromatography‒tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). Through proteomic and metabolomic analyses, we identified a total of 8487 proteins expressed during pear fruit development, and 3762 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were characterized at three fruit development stages.

Enhancing HER performance nitrogen defects: a comparative DFT study of Fe and Ru single-atom catalysts on graphene.

Exploring high-performance catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is essential for the development of clean hydrogen energy. Single atom catalysts (SACs) have garnered significant attention due to their maximum atomic efficiency, high catalytic performance and excellent selectivity. In this work, we systematically investigated the HER activity of Ru and Fe SACs on nitrogen-doped graphene using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Factors Underlying Mature Fruit Pericarp Color Variations in the 'Xinli No. 7' Pear ().

: The 'Xinli No. 7' pear is a new pear variety with the advantages of early ripening, high quality, high storage resistance, and a long shelf life. Peel color is an important appearance-related trait and an important indicator of fruit quality and commercial value.

Exploring the coupling mode of water and fertilizer for improving growth, fruit quality, and yield of the pear in the arid region.

Considering the pear in the arid region as the research object, single-factor testing and water-fertilizer coupling testing were conducted. The response of pear tree growth to water, nitrogen, and phosphorus was explored and provided a theoretical basis for efficient water and fertilizer management. Among them, the single-factor test set water, nitrogen, and phosphorus as the three factors, and five levels were set.

Fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant hybrid: A green strategy towards reducing fire hazard and improving degradation of polylactic acid.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a promising renewable polymer material with excellent biodegradability and good mechanical properties. However, the easy flammability and slow natural degradation limited its further applications, especially in high-security fields. In this work, a fully bio-based intumescent flame-retardant system was designed to reduce the fire hazard of PLA.

Water, nitrogen, and phosphorus coupling improves gray jujube fruit quality and yield.

Irrigation and fertilization are indispensable links in the jujube planting industry in southern Xinjiang, China. Regulating the relationship between fertilization and irrigation can effectively reduce costs and improve economic efficiency. A 2-year water and fertilizer optimization coupling test was conducted to determine the optimal water and nutrient supply scheme.

Biological removal of nitrate by an oil reservoir culture capable of autotrophic and heterotrophic activities: kinetic evaluation and modeling of heterotrophic process.

Kinetics of heterotrophic denitrification was investigated using an oil reservoir culture with the ability to function under both autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. In the batch system nitrate at concentrations up to 30 mM did not influence the kinetics but with 50mM slower growth and removal rates were observed. A kinetic model, representing the denitrification as reduction of nitrate to nitrite, and subsequent reduction of nitrite to nitrous oxides and nitrogen gas was developed.

Evaluation of autotrophic and heterotrophic processes in biofilm reactors used for removal of sulphide, nitrate and COD.

Microbial cultures originated from an oil reservoir were used in three biofilm reactors and effects of sulphide and nitrate loading rates and molar loading ratio on the removal of sulphide, nitrate and acetate, and composition of end products were investigated. Application of biofilms improved sulphide and nitrate removal rates significantly when compared with freely suspended cells. Maximum sulphide and nitrate removal rates under autotrophic conditions were 30.

Simultaneous biodesulphurization and denitrification using an oil reservoir microbial culture: Effects of sulphide loading rate and sulphide to nitrate loading ratio.

Biooxidation of sulphide under denitrifying conditions is a key process in control of souring in oil reservoirs and in treatment of gas and liquids contaminated with sulphide and nitrate. In this work, biooxidation of sulphide was studied using a representative culture originated from an oil reservoir. Effects of sulphide concentration, sulphide to nitrate molar ratio, and loading rates of sulphide and nitrate on their removal rates and composition of the end products were investigated.