Precision diagnosis of citrus leaf diseases using image enhancement and nonlinear fuzzy ranking ensemble approach NLFuRBe.

Citrus fruits, especially lemons, play a vital economic and nutritional role worldwide but are increasingly threatened by a wide range of diseases that diminish yield quality and quantity. Traditional manual and automated methods for disease detection requires domain expert, ample observation time, and is often ineffective during early infection stages. This paper presents a novel automated approach for the symptom based detection and classification of citrus leaf diseases using a nonlinear Fuzzy Rank-Based Ensemble (NL-FuRBE) methodology, enhanced by image quality improvement techniques.

Proteomic profiles in the aqueous following anti-vegf therapy in treatment naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background/study Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease of the photoreceptor support system of the macula, is a leading cause of vision loss in individuals over 60 years of age. In this exploratory longitudinal study, we studied VEGF-related proteins and other protein concentrations in the aqueous humor of patients with treatment naïve neovascular AMD (defined as patients with a previously untreated and recently diagnosed advanced neovascular form of AMD (NVAMD) who were eligible for an intra-vitreal administration of an anti-VEGF agent to treat choroidal neovascularization). The objectives of this small pilot study were: (1) To determine levels of VEGF-related proteins in the aqueous humor of treatment naïve NVAMD patients compared with control patients, (2) To determine whether levels of VEGF-related proteins change over time with anti-VEGF injections in NVAMD patients, (3) To put these differences into perspective relative to all protein targets and identify other off-target (non-VEGF) proteins that may be related to NVAMD or NVAMD treatment.

A secured remote patient monitoring framework for IoMT ecosystems.

Recent advancement in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) allows patients to set up smart sensors and medical devices to connect to remote healthcare setups. However, existing remote patient monitoring solutions predominantly rely on persistent connectivity and centralized cloud processing, resulting in high latency and energy consumption, particularly in environments with intermittent network availability. There is a need for real-time IoMT computing closer to the dew, with secured and privacy-enabled access to healthcare data.

Evidence that abscisic acid mediates gene activation under dehydrating conditions in pearl millet.

Pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus) is a drought-tolerant cereal crop. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were previously identified from multiple independent RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyses of transcriptomes in dehydrated pearl millet plants. However, because such DEGs and their promoters were rarely compared between those independent analyses, upstream regulators of such transcriptomic changes remain unclear.

Modelling of queuing systems using blockchain based on Markov process for smart healthcare systems.

Queueing theory employs mathematical analysis to establish effectiveness metrics. Optimization models are then formulated using significant and efficient measures, such as data, to ascertain system efficiency and requirements. Each queuing system represents a discrete event system problem, and simulating these systems aids in addressing challenges and conducting practical performance analysis.

Salmonella Effector SseL Induces Programmed Death Ligand 1 Upregulation and T-Cell Inactivation via the β-Catenin Signaling Axis.

The upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) by various pathogens is a recognized strategy to evade the adaptive immune response. Salmonella infection also upregulates PD-L1 levels; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our study reveals that this upregulation is mediated by Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2) effectors, as paraformaldehyde fixed and STMΔssaV fail to alter PD-L1 levels.

Salmonella Typhimurium effector SseI regulates host peroxisomal dynamics to acquire lysosomal cholesterol.

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (Salmonella) resides and multiplies intracellularly in cholesterol-rich compartments called Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs) with actin-rich tubular extensions known as Salmonella-induced filaments (SIFs). SCV maturation depends on host-derived cholesterol, but the transport mechanism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol to SCVs remains unclear. Here we find that peroxisomes are recruited to SCVs and function as pro-bacterial organelle.

induced SIRT1 and SIRT3 are crucial for maintaining the metabolic switch in bacteria and host for successful pathogenesis.

Sirtuins are the major players in host immunometabolic regulation. However, the role of sirtuins in the modulation of the immune metabolism pertaining to salmonellosis is largely unknown. Here, our investigation focussed on the role of two important sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT3, shedding light on their impact on intracellular 's metabolic switch and pathogenesis establishment.

Heavy metal contamination in cow and buffalo milk from industrial and residential areas of raipur, India: A health risk assessment.

This study investigated heavy metal contamination in cow and buffalo milk from industrial and residential areas of Raipur, India, assessing health risks and identifying contamination sources. Milk samples were collected from seven sites and analyzed for Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, and As using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results revealed higher contamination in industrial areas, with fodder being a primary source for Zn, Ni, Fe, and Cu, while water contributed to Mn, Cr, and As.

Phenotyping and a genome-wide association study of elite lines of pearl millet.

Pearl millet ( (L.) R. BR.

Comparative Metabolomics to Unravel the Biochemical Mechanism Associated with Rancidity in Pearl Millet ( L.).

Despite being a highly nutritious and resilient cereal, pearl millet is not popular among consumers and food industries due to the short shelf-life of flour attributed to rapid rancidity development. The biochemical mechanism underlying rancidity, a complex and quantitative trait, needs to be better understood. The present study aims to elucidate the differential accumulation of metabolites in pearl millet that impact the rancidity process.

A pearl millet plasma membrane protein, PgPM19, facilitates seed germination through the negative regulation of abscisic acid-associated genes under salinity stress in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The pearl millet gene PgPM19 inhibits seed dormancy by negatively regulating the ABA biosynthesis and ABA signaling pathways in response to salinity stress in Arabidopsis. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in orchestrating plant stress responses and development. However, how the ABA signal is transmitted in response to stresses remains primarily uncertain, particularly in monocotyledonous plants.

PRISM: Patient Records Interpretation for Semantic clinical trial Matching system using large language models.

Clinical trial matching is the task of identifying trials for which patients may be eligible. Typically, this task is labor-intensive and requires detailed verification of patient electronic health records (EHRs) against the stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria of clinical trials. This process also results in many patients missing out on potential therapeutic options.

Data from collection and analysis of RNA sequencing data from pearl millet.

Pearl millet (, also known as ) is a cereal crop that has a C4 photosynthesis system and that can grow and develop seeds even under stressed conditions including drought-stressed, high temperature-stressed and nutrient-poor conditions. In previous studies, transcriptomes of pearl millet were studied by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to understand mechanisms regulating its development and tolerance to such stressed conditions. Here, RNA-Seq reads from 565 pearl millet samples from 25 projects in the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) BioProject database were collected and mapped to the pearl millet reference genome to obtain read counts and transcripts per million (TPM) for each pearl millet gene.

Overexpression of a pearl millet WRKY transcription factor gene, PgWRKY74, in Arabidopsis retards shoot growth under dehydration and salinity-stressed conditions.

Pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus) is a cereal crop that can tolerate high temperatures, drought, and low-fertility conditions where other crops lose productivity. However, genes regulating this ability are largely unknown. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate transcription of their target genes, regulate downstream biological processes, and thus are candidates for regulators of such tolerance of pearl millet.

ORMDL3 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by maintaining ER-mitochondria contacts in human macrophages and dictates ulcerative colitis patient outcome.

Genome-wide association studies in inflammatory bowel disease have identified risk loci in the orosomucoid-like protein 3/ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3) gene to confer susceptibility to ulcerative colitis (UC), but the underlying functional relevance remains unexplored. Here, we found that a subpopulation of the UC patients who had higher disease activity shows enhanced expression of ORMDL3 compared to the patients with lower disease activity and the non-UC controls. We also found that the patients showing high ORMDL3 mRNA expression have elevated interleukin-1β cytokine levels indicating positive correlation.

Circulating miR-let7a levels predict future diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Distinct patterns of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) were found to be involved in misguided thrombus resolution. Thus, we aimed to investigate dysregulated miRNA signatures during the acute phase of pulmonary embolism (PE) and test their diagnostic and predictive value for future diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Microarray screening and subsequent validation in a large patient cohort (n = 177) identified three dysregulated miRNAs as potential biomarkers: circulating miR-29a and miR-720 were significantly upregulated and miR-let7a was significantly downregulated in plasma of patients with PE.

Understanding genetic diversity in drought-adaptive hybrid parental lines in pearl millet.

Information on genetic diversity and population structure is helpful to strategize enhancing the genetic base of hybrid parental lines in breeding programs. The present study determined the population structure and genetic diversity of 109 pearl millet hybrid parental lines, known for their better adaptation and performance in drought-prone environments, using 16,472 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers generated from GBS (genotyping-by-sequencing) platforms. The SNPs were distributed uniformly across the pearl millet genome and showed considerable genetic diversity (0.

Data of RNA sequencing of pearl millet panicles treated with a high temperature.

Pearl millet () is a cereal crop that can grow and set seeds even under drought, high temperatures and nutrient-poor conditions. Panicles of two pearl millet cultivars that differ in seed-setting rates were exposed to two different high-temperature treatments at three different developmental stages with three replicates, and RNA was prepared from these panicles. The resulting RNA samples were subjected to sequencing with the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencer.

CLUH functions as a negative regulator of inflammation in human macrophages and determines ulcerative colitis pathogenesis.

Altered mitochondrial function without a well-defined cause has been documented in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In our efforts to understand UC pathogenesis, we observed reduced expression of clustered mitochondrial homolog (CLUH) only in the active UC tissues compared with the unaffected areas from the same patient and healthy controls. Stimulation with bacterial Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands similarly reduced CLUH expression in human primary macrophages.