Unmasking Pathogen Traits for Chronic Colonization in Neurogenic Bladder Patients.

Individuals with neurogenic bladder are particularly susceptible to both chronic bacterial colonization of the bladder and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Neurogenic bladder can arise from a variety of diseases such as diabetes, spinal cord injuries, and spina bifida. To study the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of the microbiome in neurogenic bladder, we developed a longitudinal cohort of 77 children and young adults with spina bifida from two medical centers.

The urinary microbiome: the next frontier of bacterial ecology.

The human urinary tract, once presumed to be sterile, has emerged as a new frontier of microbial ecology. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies have revealed the complexity and diversity of microbial communities that reside within the urinary tract. This mini-review discusses the prominent bacteria identified in the urinary microbiome and their correlations with various urologic conditions.

Prevalence and sequelae of asymptomatic Clostridioides difficile colonization in children with inflammatory bowel disease.

Colonization by Clostridioides difficile is common in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and complicates both the management of IBD and the diagnosis of C. difficile infection (CDI). There is a paucity of data on rates, risk factors, and outcomes associated with asymptomatic C.

Mapping niche-specific two-component system requirements in uropathogenic .

Sensory systems allow pathogens to differentiate between different niches and respond to stimuli within them. A major mechanism through which bacteria sense and respond to stimuli in their surroundings is two-component systems (TCSs). TCSs allow for the detection of multiple stimuli to lead to a highly controlled and rapid change in gene expression.

Longitudinal profiling of the intestinal microbiome in children with cystic fibrosis treated with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor.

The intestinal microbiome influences growth and disease progression in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA), the newest pharmaceutical modulator for CF, restores the function of the pathogenic mutated CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel. We performed a single-center longitudinal analysis of the effect of ELX/TEZ/IVA on the intestinal microbiome, intestinal inflammation, and clinical parameters in children with CF.

Survey of the infant male urobiome and genomic analysis of Actinotignum spp.

The urinary bladder harbors a community of microbes termed the urobiome, which remains understudied. In this study, we present the urobiome of healthy infant males from samples collected by transurethral catheterization. Using a combination of enhanced culture and amplicon sequencing, we identify several common bacterial genera that can be further investigated for their effects on urinary health across the lifespan.

The QseB response regulator imparts tolerance to positively charged antibiotics by controlling metabolism and minor changes to LPS.

The modification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in and spp. is primarily controlled by the two-component system PmrAB. LPS modification allows bacteria to avoid killing by positively charged antibiotics like polymyxin B (PMB).

Clostridioides difficile Infection in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Purpose Of Review: Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of C. difficile infection (CDI) and experience worse outcomes associated with an infection. In this article, we review recent research on the incidence, diagnosis, complications, and treatment options for CDI in children with IBD.

Longitudinal Profiling of the Intestinal Microbiome in Children with Cystic Fibrosis Treated with Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor.

The intestinal microbiome influences growth and disease progression in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA), the newest pharmaceutical modulator for CF, restores function of the pathogenic mutated CFTR channel. We performed a single-center longitudinal analysis of the effect of ELX/TEZ/IVA on the intestinal microbiome, intestinal inflammation, and clinical parameters in children with CF.

Mapping Niche-specific Two-Component System Requirements in Uropathogenic .

Sensory systems allow pathogens to differentiate between different niches and respond to stimuli within them. A major mechanism through which bacteria sense and respond to stimuli in their surroundings is two-component systems (TCSs). TCSs allow for the detection of multiple stimuli to lead to a highly controlled and rapid change in gene expression.

The QseB response regulator imparts tolerance to positively charged antibiotics by controlling metabolism and minor changes to LPS.

Unlabelled: The modification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in and . is primarily controlled by the two-component system PmrAB. LPS modification allows bacteria to avoid killing by positively charged antibiotics like polymyxin B.

Contraceptive exposure associates with urinary tract infection risk in a cohort of reproductive-age women: a case control study.

Purpose: Although non-barrier contraception is commonly prescribed, the risk of urinary tract infections (UTI) with contraceptive exposure is unclear.

Materials And Methods: Using data from Vanderbilt University Medical Centre's deidentified electronic health record (EHR), women ages 18-52 were randomly sampled and matched based on age and length of EHR. This case-control analysis tested for association between contraception exposure and outcome using UTI-positive (UTI+) as cases and upper respiratory infection+ (URI+) as controls.

Urinary tract infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

Improved understanding of non-respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients will be vital to sustaining the increased life span of these patients. To date, there has not been a published report of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in CF patients. We performed a retrospective chart review at a major academic medical center during 2010-2020 to determine the features of UTIs in 826 CF patients.

Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria (HHRH) Presenting with Genu Valgum Deformity: Treatment with Phosphate Supplementation and Surgical Correction.

We describe a case of hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) in a 32-year-old female with short stature, chronic pathologic genu valgum deformity, and knee pain who was referred to endocrinology clinic after previous inconclusive workups. We present imaging spanning 10 years of untreated disease. Biochemical studies showed hypophosphatemia with undetectable fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23.

Chronic femoral diaphyseal osteomyelitis with radiographs initially concerning for Paget disease of the bone.

Chronic osteomyelitis can be difficult to diagnose given its similar radiographic appearance to other lesions. This case report describes a 48-year-old woman, who presented with left thigh pain and on radiography a large disorganized sclerotic lesion involving nearly the entire femoral diaphysis, concerning for Paget disease or malignancy. Biopsy suggested chronic osteomyelitis but did not identify a causative organism.

Respiratory Heterogeneity Shapes Biofilm Formation and Host Colonization in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Biofilms are multicellular bacterial communities encased in a self-secreted extracellular matrix comprised of polysaccharides, proteinaceous fibers, and DNA. Organization of these components lends spatial organization to the biofilm community such that biofilm residents can benefit from the production of common goods while being protected from exogenous insults. Spatial organization is driven by the presence of chemical gradients, such as oxygen.