Latent Profile Analysis of Childhood Maltreatment and Neural Markers in Depression.

Importance: The limited success of major depressive disorder (MDD) treatments is largely due to the disorder's etiological and pathophysiological heterogeneity. Addressing this heterogeneity is essential for developing accurate prognostic models and personalized treatment strategies.

Objective: To characterize MDD heterogeneity using a mechanism-first latent profile analysis based on environmental, neurostructural, and neurofunctional indicators, and to validate profiles via associations with MDD course, severity, and antidepressant treatment remission.

Data and alternative models describing the associations among non-infection pandemic stress, event-related rumination, depression, and anxiety.

Here we present cross-sectional data collected from 1507 participants through the Qualtrics online survey platform. Participants were recruited from Reddit, Facebook, and the Queen's University undergraduate participant pool, and were instructed to complete a pandemic stress survey, the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) [1], the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) [2], a modified version of Event-Related Rumination Inventory (ERRI) [3], and a demographics questionnaire. For the 1069 participants who were not exposed to COVID-19 infection, we calculated the sum of each scale/subscale and performed a multiple mediation analysis using MPlus.

The impact of non-infection pandemic stress on depression and anxiety severity: Investigating mediation by intrusive and deliberate rumination.

Background: Social restrictions to curb COVID-19's spread have had adverse effects on population mental health. Rumination is one mechanism through which pandemic stress (PS) might translate into psychopathology. In particular, intrusive rumination (IR) is believed to be problematic.

Priming tool actions: Are real objects more effective primes than pictures?

Humans are faster to grasp an object such as a tool if they have previewed the same object beforehand. This priming effect is strongest when actors gesture the use of the tool rather than simply move it, possibly because the previewed tool activates action-specific routines in dorsal-stream motor networks. Here, we examined whether real tools, which observers could physically act upon, serve as more potent primes than two-dimensional images of tools, which do not afford physical action.