Acetaminophen Poisoning: Case Reports of Early Liver Dialysis for Hepatic Injury.

In acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure, early use of extracorporeal artificial liver support using BS330/HA330-II filters improves liver function, coagulation profiles, bilirubin levels, and may obviate the need for liver transplantation. Early adjunctive use with N-acetylcysteine may optimize outcomes; further studies are necessary to confirm efficacy, safety, and standardized protocols.

Association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global malignancy, yet the relationship between pesticide exposure and CRC risk remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the association between exposure to specific pesticide classes (fumigants, fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides) and the risk of colon, colorectal, and rectal cancers. A comprehensive search of international databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase) was conducted up to January 2025.

Detection of Body Packs in Abdominal CT scans Through Artificial Intelligence; Developing a Machine Learning-based Model.

Introduction: Identifying the people who try to hide illegal substances in the body for smuggling is of considerable importance in forensic medicine and poisoning. This study aimed to develop a new diagnostic method using artificial intelligence to detect body packs in real-time Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, abdominal CT scan images were employed to create a machine learning-based model for detecting body packs.

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for predicting the need for intubation in methanol-poisoned patients: a study comparing deep and machine learning models.

The need for intubation in methanol-poisoned patients, if not predicted in time, can lead to irreparable complications and even death. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques like machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) greatly aid in accurately predicting intubation needs for methanol-poisoned patients. So, our study aims to assess Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for predicting intubation necessity in methanol-poisoned patients, comparing deep learning and machine learning models.

Prediction of acute methanol poisoning prognosis using machine learning techniques.

Methanol poisoning is a global public health concern, especially prevalent in developing nations. This study focuses on predicting the severity of methanol intoxication using machine learning techniques, aiming to improve early identification and prognosis assessment. The study, conducted at Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Prediction of acute organophosphate poisoning severity using machine learning techniques.

Poisoning with organophosphate compounds is a significant public health risk, especially in developing countries. Considering the importance of early and accurate prediction of organophosphate poisoning prognosis, the aim of this study was to develop a machine learning-based prediction model to predict the severity of organophosphate poisoning. The data of patients with organophosphate poisoning were retrospectively extracted and split into training and test sets in a ratio of 70:30.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 907 Cases with Naltrexone Intoxication; a 14-Year Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Opioids have been the leading cause of death from poisoning in Iran for several years. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and para-clinical presentations of naltrexone intoxication, its toxic dose, and its epidemiological properties.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on medical records of patients presenting to Toxicology Department of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran, following naltrexone intoxication, from 2002 to 2016.

Fabricating an electroactive injectable hydrogel based on pluronic-chitosan/aniline-pentamer containing angiogenic factor for functional repair of the hippocampus ischemia rat model.

The hippocampus, a critical cerebral region involved in learning and memory formation, is especially vulnerable to ischemic defect. Here, we developed an injectable electroactive hydrogel based on pluronic-chitosan/aniline-pentamer with proper conductivity around 10 S/cm to achieve the functional repair of the hippocampus following the ischemic defect. FTIR, DSC, and TGA measurements were performed to assess the chemical structure and thermal stability of the synthesized hydrogel.

Is there any potential management against COVID-19? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: A recent survey has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has culminated in dramatical and critical treatment particularly in acute infected patients. In fact, this systematic review-meta-analysis was directly pertained to estimation at the efficient value of some clinical managements to confront the COVID-19 infection.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Scholar databases were searched from inception to July 1, 2020, to identify studies reporting the current treatment process and medications (e.

Neuroprotective effects of lipopolysaccharide and naltrexone co‑preconditioning in the photothrombotic model of unilateral selective hippocampal ischemia in rat.

Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or opioid antagonists has a neuroprotective effect in ischemic insults. However, the co‑preconditioning effect of toll‑like receptor ligands and opioid antagonists has not been investigated. In this study we examined the neuroprotective effect of LPS and naltrexone (NTX) preconditioning and co‑preconditioning in unilateral selective hippocampal ischemia in rats to assess for possible synergistic protective effects.

Triggering microglia through toll-like receptor 2 pathway induced interferon β expression in cell and animal model of Alzheimer's disease.

Synaptic function and memory performance are disrupted by soluble form of β-amyloid (Aβ). In the previous study, we found that early activation of microglia by toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) attenuated Alzheimer's disease-associated cognitive deficit. This study was designed to investigate whether pretreatment with the TLR2 receptor ligand can regulate microglia to produce interferon β (INFβ) in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

Photothrombotically induced unilateral selective hippocampal ischemia in rat.

Introduction: The vulnerability of hippocampal formation to ischemic insult has been documented in both humans and animal models. Ischemic injury induction through photothrombosis is an invasive and reproducible model of ischemic stroke which provides the ability to induce ischemia selectively in any desired area. In this study, we describe a method to induce selective unilateral hippocampal ischemia in rat through modified photothrombotic model.

Neuroprotective effect of monophosphoryl lipid A, a detoxified lipid A derivative, in photothrombotic model of unilateral selective hippocampal ischemia in rat.

Finding a neuroprotective strategy to rescue patients suffering from acute brain damage is of great interest. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is a derivative of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that lacks many of the endotoxic properties of the parent molecule, and yet has similar protective effect. Here, we report the first evidence that MPL preconditioning, similar to LPS preconditioning, can induce neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia.

Protective effect of thymoquinone, the active constituent of fixed oil, against ethanol toxicity in rats.

Objectives: Long term consumption of ethanol may induce damage to many organs. Ethanol induces its noxious effects through reactive oxygen species production, and lipid peroxidation and apoptosis induction in different tissues and cell types. Previous experiments have indicated the antioxidant characteristics of thymoquinone, the active constituent of fixed oil, against biologically dangerous reactive oxygen species.

Effect of Nigella sativa fixed oil on ethanol toxicity in rats.

Objectives: This study was planned to appraise the protective effect of Nigella sativa fixed oil (NSO) against subchronic ethanol induced toxicity in rats.

Materials And Methods: Studies were carried out on six groups of six animals each, including control (normal saline, gavage), ethanol (3 g/kg/day, gavage), NSO (0.125, 0.