Rapid Dereplication of Bioactive Compounds in Plant and Food Extracts Using Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

High-throughput screening and identification of common phytochemicals are crucial for lead optimization, drug development and investigation of metabolic pathways in complex herbal extracts. The available databases contain a huge number of compounds, making it challenging and time-consuming to dereplicate valuable compounds. Therefore, the current study aimed to develop an in-house mass spectral library for the rapid dereplication of 31 commonly occurring natural products from different classes using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS).

Cancer Chemopreventive Potential of Grown in Southern Thailand: A Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Vicenin 1 as the Active Compound and Studies on Related -Glycosyl Flavones.

(Euphorbiaceae) is an indigenous vegetable that has been used in southern Thai traditional medicine and cuisine. A bioassay-guided approach was adopted to investigate the phytochemicals and chemopreventive potential of leaves and stems. Phytochemical investigation of the active MeOH fractions afforded six known compounds, including caffeic acid (), isovitexin (), and vicenins 1-3 () from leaves and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester () from stems.

Degradation kinetics of Andrographolide in aqueous solution, product identification and biological activity evaluation.

Andrographolide (1) is a labdane-type diterpene lactone and the major bioactive metabolite (2.39%) in the leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae). To further explore its stability, the thermal degradation kinetics of compound 1 at pH 2.

Phytochemical Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders.

Neurological disorders impose a significant burden on the healthcare systems. The latest published data by WHO indicated that stroke was the second leading cause of death globally in 2020, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias in the seventh position. The treatment of neurological disorders is challenging because of the complex nature of the disease, as well as limited accessibility to this target organ due to several biological barriers.

Resveratrol attenuates hepatic oxidative stress and preserves gut mucosal integrity in high-fat diet-fed rats by modulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.

This study evaluated the protective effects of resveratrol against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic dysfunction and intestinal mucus layer depletion with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. HFD-fed rats were treated with resveratrol for 8 weeks, and various metabolic, molecular, and histological parameters were assessed. Resveratrol therapy significantly reduced body weight gain and adiposity, lowered plasma and hepatic oxidative stress markers, and restored endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity.

Camellia sinensis powder rich in epicatechin and polyphenols attenuates isoprenaline induced cardiac injury by activating the Nrf2 HO1 antioxidant pathway in rats.

Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death and morbidity in individuals with cardiovascular diseases. Natural antioxidants, such as those found in green tea leaves, are beneficial in preventing these diseases. This study evaluated the protective effects of green tea leaves powder against isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Identification and therapeutic efficacy of Pleurotus djamor var fuscopruinosus.

Pleurotus is an edible mushroom that is consumed and cultivated worldwide. Pleurotus djamor var. fuscopruinosus is newly reported in Thailand, confirmed through morphological and phylogenetic analyses.

Stilbene Glycosides in L. Bark: Isolation, Characterization, and Assessment of Antioxidant Potential and Antitumor Activity on HeLa Cells.

Stilbenes are plant secondary metabolites with remarkable antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, and neuroprotective properties. As these compounds are valuable constituents in healthcare products and promising drug candidates, exploring new sources of stilbenes is essential for therapeutic advancement. The present study reports the isolation of two stilbene glycosides, resveratroloside and pinostilbenoside, from L.

A review of food hydrocolloids on cardiovascular health: Alginate, astragalus polysaccharides, carrageenan, fucoidan, lunasin, and psyllium.

Food hydrocolloids, derived from natural sources such as plants, algae, and microbes, possess bioactive properties that significantly contribute to cardiovascular health. This review focuses on six key hydrocolloids: alginate, astragalus polysaccharides, carrageenan, fucoidan, lunasin, and psyllium, while also considering other important natural hydrocoloids such as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), plant-derived food hydrocolloids, plant-derived gums, plant-derived mucilages, pectin, modified citrus pectin, inulin, naringenin, chia seeds, gelatine, whey protein, casein, microbial exopolysaccharides and gums, ulvan, and laminarin. Alginate, from brown seaweed, aids in cardiac tissue regeneration and repair.

The potential applications of nanocomposites in 3D-printed drug delivery systems.

Additive manufacturing is a renowned technology for producing three-dimensional objects, based on ceramic, metal, and plastic materials for different applications. This review examines and provides a perspective on using nanomaterials along with biopolymeric matrices for 3D printing (3DP) with potential applications in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Many 3DP methods have been developed for the formulation of drug delivery systems, including stereolithography, fused deposition modelling (FDM), selective laser sintering, and bioprinting through droplet- or extrusion-assisted techniques.

Unraveling the role of Globularia species in modern medicine based on evidence from photochemistry, traditional uses and biological activities.

Background: Species of the genus Globularia exist in the Mediterranean region spreading upon Macaronesia, northern Europe, and north-eastern Africa. They have valuable biological activities and remarkable phytochemical contents explaining their traditional uses.

Purpose: This study reviews phytochemical, pharmacological progress, clinical trials, and molecular mechanisms of action of Globularia extracts and isolated compounds.

Antimicrobial potential of the leaves of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck collected from Iraq: Bioassay-guided isolation of sinensetin as the anti-MRSA compound.

Infections caused by antibiotic-drug-resistant microorganisms are a major global health concern, and they result in millions of deaths every year. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of such drug-resistant microbial strains, and new and effective antimicrobial agents are desperately needed to combat infections caused by MRSA. In the search for effective anti-MRSA agents, the leaves of Citrus grandis (Rutaceae), also known as C.

Isolation, cytotoxicity evaluation, and molecular docking of 3,4,3'-tri--methylflavellagic acid from (DC.) Guill. & Perr. root.

Cancer kills about 10 million people every year. Medicinal plants remain a major source in the global search for anticancer drugs. In this study, 3,4,3'-tri--methylflavellagic acid (MFA) was isolated from the methanol root extract of .

Phytometabolites, Pharmacological Effects, Ethnomedicinal Properties, and Bioeconomic Potential of Velvet Apple (Diospyros discolor Willd.): A Review.

Diospyros discolor Willd., commonly known as velvet apple or Mabolo, is an underutilized fruit. Traditionally, various parts of D.

The Bioprotective Effects of Marigold Tea Polyphenols on Obesity and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in High-Fat-Sugar Diet-Fed Rats.

The research is aimed at exploring the potential of marigold petal tea (MPT), rich in polyphenol contents, against oxidative stress and obesity in a rat model following a high-fat-sugar diet (HFSD). The MPT was prepared through the customary method of decoction and was subjected to analysis for its polyphenol composition using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Two specific doses of MPT, namely, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW), were chosen for the study-referred to as MPT-250 and MPT-500, respectively.

Development of a Tandem Mass Spectral Library for the Detection of Triterpenoids in Plant Metabolome Based on Reference Standards.

Plant triterpenoids represent a diverse group of secondary metabolites and are thought to be valuable for therapeutic applications. For drug development, lead optimization, better knowledge of biological pathways, and high-throughput detection of secondary metabolites in plant extracts are crucial. This paper describes a qualitative method for the rapid and accurate identification of various triterpenoids in plant extracts using the LC-HR-ESI-MS/MS tool in combination with the data-dependent acquisition (DD) approach.

Oleanolic acid purified from the stem bark of Oliv. inhibits the function and catalysis of human 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1.

Cancer is a leading cause of global death. Medicinal plants have gained increasing attention in cancer drug discovery. In this study, the stem bark extract of , which is used in ethnomedicine to treat cancer, was subjected to phytochemical investigation leading to the isolation of oleanolic acid (OA).

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity against Acne-Causing Bacteria and Phytochemical Analysis of Galangal () and Bitter Ginger () Extracts.

Galangal ( (L.) Willd) and bitter ginger ( (L.) Roscoe) are aromatic rhizomatous plants that are typically used for culinary purposes.

Phytochemical analysis and immune-modulatory potential of Trichaptum biforme polysaccharides: Implications for cancer.

Cancer remains a major global health concern, often challenging traditional treatments. Natural compounds like fungal polysaccharides have gained attention for their immune-modulatory properties. This study evaluates the phytochemical properties of the n-hexane fraction of Trichaptum biforme and explores its immune-enhancing effects.

The effect of Polygonum hyrcanicum Rech. f. hydroalcoholic extract on oxidative stress and nephropathy in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Diabetic nephropathy, characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, poses a management challenge. This study investigates the effect of Polygonum hyrcanicum extract on diabetic nephropathy in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. In this experimental animal study, the P.

Progress in the analysis of phytocannabinoids by HPLC and UPLC (or UHPLC) during 2020-2023.

Introduction: Organic molecules that bind to cannabinoid receptors are known as cannabinoids. These molecules possess pharmacological properties similar to those produced by Cannabis sativa L. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC, also known as ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, UHPLC) have become the most widely used analytical tools for detection and quantification of phytocannabinoids in various matrices.

Plant antibacterials: The challenges and opportunities.

Nature possesses an inexhaustible reservoir of agents that could serve as alternatives to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While some of the most effective drugs for treating bacterial infections originate from natural sources, they have predominantly been derived from fungal and bacterial species. However, a substantial body of literature is available on the promising antibacterial properties of plant-derived compounds.

A comprehensive review of the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of two Iranian Rydingia species (Lamiaceae).

Rydingia michauxii and R. persica, respectively, known as Kase Gol and Goldar in Persian, belong to the family Lamiaceae and they are well known herbal medicine in Iran for the treatment of various diseases, particularly diabetes. This review aims to appraise the phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and pharmacological activities of Rydingia species growing in Iran and assess their potential in clinical applications.