Bilateral Pyosalpinx Mimicking Acute Appendicitis: An Uncommon but Critical Diagnostic Challenge.

A perforated appendix has been believed to be a potential risk for damage to adnexal structures that may escalate the chances of infertility in girls in future. Acute complications that are uncommomly described postperforation of appendix may be salpingitis, hydrosalpinx, and pyosalpinx. A pyosalpinx or tubal abscess is the acute inflammation of the fallopian tube that fills up and swells with pus, which commonly results from inadequate or delayed treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Rapid Spontaneous Regression of Traumatic Subdural Hematoma.

Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a type of intracranial hemorrhage and is due to the collection of blood below the inner layer of the dura but external to the brain and arachnoid membrane. It tends to occur in the temporal parietal regions. Early intervention is the key for better outcome of the patient.

Partial Sacrectomy With Lumbopelvic Fixation for Sacral Giant Cell Tumor: Emphasizing Optimal Neuro-Oncological Outcomes.

Giant cell tumors (GCTs) of bone are classified as intermediate malignant tumors with a significant potential for local infiltration. Despite their benign histopathological appearance, these tumors exhibit extreme local aggression. The sacrum is the most commonly affected spinal region, followed by the lumbar, cervical, and thoracic regions.

Epidermoid Cyst of the Brainstem in 3-Year-Old Child: A Rare Case Report.

Epidermoid cysts are infrequent lesions occupying the intracranial space, comprising approximately 1-2% of all intracranial tumors. Brainstem epidermoids are exceptionally uncommon in children; up until now, only a few scattered case reports have been documented in the literature regarding this unique location. These cysts commonly arise from the inclusion of ectodermal elements during neural tube closure.

Endoscopic Transnasal Navigation Guided Treatment of Clivus Abscess in Adult with Mucormycosis: A Rare Report.

Osteomyelitis and abscess of the clivus are rare conditions thought to arise from contiguous spread of infection from the paranasal sinuses. Clival osteomyelitis is a rare potentially life-threatening skull base infection which is generally challenging to diagnose and treat. It is typically seen in the pediatric population and is very rare in the adult population.

A rare case of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma presenting with spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage.

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are low-grade gliomas usually arising in the periventricular regions near the foramen of Monro seen exclusively with tuberous sclerosis complex. Incidence of hemorrhage in SEGA is less than 1% with only 10 cases reported in English literature. We present a similar case of SEGA with spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage in a 35-year-old male with cutaneous manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex and acute onset headache with convulsion.

Single-level ossified ligamentum flavum causing a holocord syrinx: illustrative case.

Background: Syringomyelia is a neurological disorder that is caused by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid flow or circulation. It is an incidental finding in most cases, predominantly presenting with sensory symptoms of insensitivity to pain and temperature. Spinal ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) leading to syringomyelia is one of the rare causes.

Unusual Presentation of Osteoid Osteoma of the Cervical Spine with Dysphagia: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: It is uncommon for bony cervical spine lesions to cause dysphagia. Middle-aged female presented in the outpatient clinic with complaints of dysphagia of insidious onset. Patient's medical history, clinical manifestation and imaging studies guided the diagnosis of spinal osteoid osteoma.

Post Mucormycosis Frontal Bone Osteonecrosis: "A Road Less Traveled During the Pandemic".

Background: Osteonecrosis in mucormycosis is a rare phenomenon and has been reported usually following trauma or in immunocompromised individuals. Osteonecrosis of skull as a complication of mucormycosis is a rare presentation, which makes the study ever so rare and interesting.

Methods: Within 6 months, a total of 114 patients presented with mucormycosis as COVID-19 sequel, 60 of whom underwent form of endoscopic sinus debridement.

Neuro-Ophthalmic Manifestations of Intracranial Space Occupying Lesions in Adults.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology, neuro-ophthalmic, and clinical characteristics of intracranial space occupying lesions (ICSOLs) in adult patients.

Methods: All patients above 16 years presenting with brain tumors confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and treated surgically in our institute were included in this study. Epidemiology of the patients along with neurological and ophthalmic manifestation was evaluated.

Giant Cell Tumour Of The Occipital Bone In A 13-Year Old Male.

Giant Cell Tumours (GCT) are usually found at the extremities of the long bones and their presence in the skull being less than 1%. In the skull, sphenoidal bone and temporal bone are the commonest sites. There have been very few reports of GCTs of the occipital bone.

Contrecoup Extradural Hematoma: When Hematomas Do Not Follow Rules.

Extradural hematoma (EDH) is a fairly common entity in neurosurgical practice but EDHt at a contrecoup site and crossing a cranial suture is rare. The authors present a case of EDH due to contrecoup injury in whom sutural diastases was noted and hematoma was seen to be crossing the adjacent suture. This was accompanied with subdural hematoma (SDH) at the coup site.

A Rare Case of Primary Pituitary Tubercular Abscess Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma.

Primary pituitary tuberculosis (PTA) is a very rare disease. The clinical diagnosis is difficult as it is clinically radiologically indistinguishable from other sellar lesions. We present a case of PTA without any predisposing etiology and radiologically mimicking a pituitary macroadenoma.

Neuroendoscopic Management of Lateral Ventricular Neurocysticercosis Presenting as Brun's Syndrome.

Background: Brun's syndrome is a phenomenon characterized by sudden onset of severe headache, vomiting associated to a vestibular syndrome triggered by an abrupt movement of the head.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 12-year-old female patient with headache, vertigo, and vomiting; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suggestive of a cystic intraventricular mass in the frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle. The patient underwent endoscopic exploration for the excision of cyst with complete postoperative recovery and histopathology suggestive of intraventricular neurocysticercosis.

Neuroophthalmic Manifestations of Intracranial Tumours in Children.

Background: All children between 0 and 16 years presenting with brain tumours confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and treated surgically in our institute were included in this study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the neuroophthalmic and clinical characteristics of intracranial space occupying lesions in children.

Methods: Neuroophthalmic manifestations along with location of the tumour by contrast-enhanced MRI, type of surgical intervention, and postoperative histopathological diagnosis were evaluated.

Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome following Posttraumatic Hydrocephalus.

Introduction: Complications following craniotomy are not uncommon and Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome (SSFS) constitutes a rare entity that may present after a large Decompressive Craniectomy. Although the entity is widely reported, the literature mostly consists of case reports. Authors present a case series of three patients with review of literature highlighting the various factors which can prove therapeutic and can help in avoidance of complications.

A Rare Case of an Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Temporal Bone.

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign bone lesions mainly occurring at the metaphyseal end of long bones and are a rarity in the calvarium. The reported incidence of this lesion in the skull is 1% of all the ABC. It is a benign condition that may extend intracranially.

A Rare Chronic Presentation of Schwannoma with Hemorrhage.

Spinal schwannomas are slow-growing benign tumors arising from the nerves. In the spinal cord, they arise most commonly from cervical and lumbar levels. They are mostly intradural extramedullary (IDEM) accounting for 30% of intradural tumors showing a female preponderance.

Microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniations.

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation is one of the main causes of discogenic low back pain and reported to affect 60%-80% of people during their lifetime. The two main surgical modalities for intervertebral disc surgery are standard open discectomy and minimally invasive discectomy which include percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and microendoscopic discectomy (MED). We report our experience with the same technique of MED to evaluate the efficacy of MED for lumbar disc pathology.

Abnormal Migration and Extrusion of Abdominal End of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: An Experience of Eight Cases.

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is commonly used in the treatment of hydrocephalus. Migration and extrusion of the distal end of the VP shunt are relatively rarely occurring complications.

Aim: To retrospectively analyze patients with extrusion of the abdominal end of ventriculoperitoneal shunts and evaluate the possible etiology and outcome.

The role of transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic discectomy in lumbar disc herniations.

Objectives: To study 1)the efficacy of transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy in lumbar disc herniations.2) limitations and advantages of the surgical procedure. 3)morbidity and complications associated with the procedure.