Development of a multiplex serological assay to detect immunoreactivity against a novel in military working dogs.

pose a significant health risk to military working dogs (MWDs), and these zoonotic organisms may also cause disease in humans. According to the U.S.

Spinal motor neuron development and metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor IA.

Neural circuits governing all motor behaviors in vertebrates rely on the proper development of motor neurons and their precise targeting of limb muscles. Transcription factors are essential for motor neuron development, regulating their specification, migration, and axonal targeting. While transcriptional regulation of the early stages of motor neuron specification is well established, much less is known about the role of transcription factors in the later stages of maturation and muscle targeting.

Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy in a Patient With a Pre-existing Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulator: A Case Report.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a progressive condition that can lead to significant neurologic disability if not promptly diagnosed and treated. The presence of a neuromodulation device in the spinal canal, such as a spinal cord stimulator (SCS), can potentially hinder the diagnosis and management of DCM. Here, we report a case of a 53-year-old female patient with a history of complex regional pain syndrome being managed with a cervical SCS, who presented with DCM and rapid neurological deterioration and bilateral lower extremity paralysis.

Artificial intelligence-driven analysis identifies arthroscopic shoulder surgery, meniscus injury and treatment, and total knee arthroplasty design biomechanics as the most commonly published topics in .

Purpose: To utilize advanced topic modelling through the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers Topic (BERTopic) model to investigate research topics in the journal .

Methods: Titles and abstracts from 7886 original research articles and reviews published in between 1993 and 2023 were examined using the BERTopic artificial intelligence (AI) model. BERTopic applies contextual embeddings and clustering algorithms to group large textual data efficiently sets into topics based on semantic similarity.

Mucinous cystic neoplasm in men: a comparative study.

Aims: Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) are defined by the presence of an ovarian-type stroma (OTS). Once ovarian stroma has become a requirement for the diagnosis of MCNs, studies using this criterion have disclosed that MCNs are seen almost exclusively (97%) in women. The occurrence of MCNs (with ovarian stroma) in men is exceedingly rare and raises questions about the origin of OTS and the role of hormones in tumourigenesis.

Untapped potential of post-exposure prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa: a comparative analysis of PEP implementation planning in Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia.

Introduction: In 2023, over 210,000 new HIV acquisitions occurred in Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia. While uptake of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (oral PrEP) and coverage of voluntary medical male circumcision increased significantly over the past decade, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has received less attention and remains an underused HIV prevention intervention. In 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new guidance emphasizing the need for timely access to PEP, including through community-based channels and task-sharing to mitigate barriers such as stigma and ensure timely access.

Preoperative Alcohol Use Disorder Is Associated With Increased Morbidity and Costs in Ankle Arthrodesis.

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) on postoperative outcomes following ankle anrthrodesis (AA).MethodsThis investigation utilized the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2020, identifying 26 705 patients who underwent primary elective AA, and further stratifying based on the presence of preoperative AUD (N = 612, 2.29%).

Assessment of Lyme Seroconversion Among US Military Personnel in Honduras.

Introduction: Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato that is transmitted through the bite of infectious ticks. Within the US active duty military component, Lyme is the most frequently reported vector-borne disease. There have not been reports on Lyme disease prevalence in Central America, but reports of travelers who contracted rickettsiosis after their trip to Honduras suggest a need for an increased tick-borne disease surveillance, including Lyme disease.

Sex differences in urinary mast cell mediators: Implications for diagnosing atopic and mast cell disorders.

Background: Urinary mast cell mediators aid in diagnosing atopic and mast cell disorders, yet sex differences in these mediators remain unreported despite known sex-specific variations in eicosanoid pathways.

Objective: To characterize sex differences in urinary mast cell mediators 2,3-dinor-11β-prostaglandin F2α (2,3-BPG), N-methylhistamine, and leukotriene E4 (LTE4).

Methods: This retrospective chart review of 4033 patients of all ages at Mayo Clinic from June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2024 including demographic and clinical data.

A randomized trial to evaluate the impact of breast density notification on anxiety, breast cancer worry, and perceived risk among Latinas at a federally qualified health center : Breast density notification and anxiety, breast cancer worry, and perceived risk among Latinas.

Background: Laws mandating that women be informed of mammographic breast density (MBD) with their mammogram results may increase anxiety. We report on changes in self-reported levels of anxiety, worry about developing breast cancer (BC), as well as perceived risk of BC resulting from three MBD notification methods: usual care (mailed notification letter), enhanced care (usual care with MBD educational brochure), or interpersonal care (enhanced care with promotora education), among a Latina population.

Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial of three MBD notifications was performed among Latina women aged 40 to 74 years receiving screening mammography at a federally qualified health center (FQHC).

Spousal Support and Physician Work-Life Integration and Burnout.

Importance: Few studies have assessed whether factors outside the workplace, such as support from a spouse or partner, are associated with work-life integration (WLI) satisfaction and burnout among physicians. Evaluating such an association may help with developing novel strategies to address burnout and improve WLI satisfaction among this group.

Objectives: To compare spousal support among female and male physicians and explore associations of spousal support with WLI satisfaction and burnout.

Biomarkers of response to antibody-drug conjugates (TROP2 and nectin-4) and the immune microenvironment (NKG7, PD-L1, and B7-H3) in penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the expression of biomarkers of response to antibody-drug conjugates (TROP2 and nectin-4) and immune microenvironment (NKG7, PD-L1, and B7-H3) in penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC).

Methods: Our archive was queried for patients who had a penectomy for pSCC between 2000 and 2022. Primary tumors were immunostained for B7-H3 and NKG7, while metastatic specimens were immunostained for TROP2 and nectin-4.

CD5 Immunoreactivity Is Associated With Longer Overall Survival in Thymic Carcinoma: A Brief Report.

Thymic carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of potentially aggressive malignancies. We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of CD5, CD117, EZH2, POU2F3, BAP1, and MTAP immunohistochemical staining in thymic carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 36 thymic carcinomas from patients with retrospectively collected survival data.

Revisit of Histopathology in Rheumatoid Lung Nodules.

Diagnosing pulmonary rheumatoid nodules (RN) is challenging because they are rare and share clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features with other necrotizing granulomatous diseases such as infectious granulomas (IG) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Herein, we revisit the histopathologic features of RN and the findings in the adjacent lung tissue, in comparison with IG and GPA, to identify distinguishing features. Twenty-eight cases with surgically resected RN evaluated at our institution (1991 to 2024), 33 IG (10 mycobacterial infection, 10 histoplasmosis, 13 coccidiomycosis), and 10 GPA cases were included in the study.

Student Mentorship Pathways Within Physician Assistant/Associate Training Programs: A National Survey.

Introduction: Early training and career mentorship has many notable benefits for health care professionals. Little is known about student mentorship pathways within physician assistant/associate (PA) training programs.

Methods: Using an Internet-based questionnaire, the authors surveyed 332 PA programs from May 7 to June 10, 2024.

Cost thresholds for anticipated long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis products in Eastern and Southern Africa: a mathematical modelling study.

Introduction: Affordable HIV prevention tools are needed in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA). Several promising long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (LA-PrEP) products are available or in development. However, ESA settings face severe healthcare resource constraints.

Effectiveness of Breast Density Educational Interventions on Mammography Screening Adherence Among Underserved Latinas: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Latinas with mammographic dense breasts are at increased risk of breast cancer. This randomized controlled trial tests the effectiveness of three breast density (BD) educational approaches on adherence to subsequent mammography screening among Latinas receiving care at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). Adherence was ascertained using electronic health record and survey responses.

Colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma: clinicopathologic analysis of two large cohorts and literature review confirm poor prognosis and reveal prognostic aspects.

Aims: We compiled two cohorts of colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) to describe its histologic and molecular aspects using modern parameters to compare them with literature reports using meta-analysis of cohorts and individual case series.

Methods And Results: We identified 53 colorectal ASC from 19 North American academic medical centres, in addition to national database reports on 94 Dutch cases. We analysed available clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features and patient outcome.

MOG antibody-associated disease epidemiology in Olmsted County, USA, and Martinique.

Objectives: To report myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) epidemiology in two American regions using 2023 diagnostic criteria.

Patients And Methods: We compared age- and sex-adjusted incidence and prevalence of MOGAD per 2023 diagnostic criteria in Olmsted County (Minnesota [USA]) and Martinique (Caribbean [FR]) (01/01/2003-12/31/2018, prevalence day) using Poisson regression. Archived sera in 68-85% were available for MOG-IgG testing by live cell-based assay at Mayo Clinic.

Comparing the Exactech Equinoxe reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for fracture versus degenerative conditions: 5-year minimum follow-up.

Background/hypothesis: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has become the operative treatment of choice for acute proximal humerus fractures in the elderly population, but little data exist on the long-term outcomes or how they compare to rTSA done for degenerative conditions. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients undergoing rTSA for acute fracture versus degenerative conditions with a minimum 5-year follow-up.

Methods: Data was extracted from an international registry of patients with the Exactech Equinoxe rTSA implant from 2007 to 2018.

Dried blood spot improves global access to aquaporin-4-IgG testing for neuromyelitis optica.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of dried blood spot (DBS) compared with conventional serum Aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-IgG) testing.

Methods: Prospective multicenter diagnostic study was conducted between April 2018 and October 2023 across medical centers in the United States, Uganda, and the Republic of Guinea. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients and controls collected blood on filter paper cards along with concurrent serum samples.

A single domain antibody-based Luminex assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples.

Within the past decade, single domain antibodies (sdAbs) have been recognized as unique affinity binding reagents that can be tailored for performance in a variety of immunoassay formats. Luminex MagPlex color-coded magnetic microspheres provide a high-throughput platform that enables multiplexed immunoassays. We developed a MagPlex bead-based assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, using sdAbs against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein in which we engineered the sdAb capture reagents to orient them on the beads.