Analysis and optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoates production by environmental bacterial isolates from Nepal.

The versatile non-biodegradable material plastic has significantly enhanced innovation, but its production heavily relies on fossil fuels and non-renewable resources, which causes severe pollution and ecosystem disruption, highlighting the urgent need for eco-friendly alternatives. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a class of bioplastics that offer a promising solution as biodegradable, environmentally compatible, and versatile biopolymer synthesized by microorganisms using various substrates, aiding in organic waste management. This study was aimed to isolate and profile PHA producing bacteria from diverse sources such as soil, compost, landfill site, and sewage in Nepal.