Health Education in Mass Gatherings: A Scoping Review to Guide Public Health Preparedness and Practice.

: In view of a lack of evidence on the subject, we aimed to perform a scoping review to understand the impact of health education among people attending mass gatherings. : We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2025 to identify eligible studies.

Immunization Coverage and Barriers among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims: Insights into Vaccine Uptake and Compliance.

Background: The Hajj pilgrimage poses significant public health challenges due to the risk of infectious disease transmission. Despite mandatory vaccination policies, barriers such as hesitancy, logistical issues, and vaccine availability persist.

Objective: This study assesses vaccine uptake, reasons for compliance or non-compliance, and barriers among Hajj pilgrims.

Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on fertility outcomes among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessed the effect of L-carnitine (LC) supplementation on the fertility outcomes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Online databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) were searched to identify eligible RCTs published until March 2024. A dose-response meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

Chemical Migration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds from Plastic Food Packaging: Assessment of Food Safety Risks and Health Impacts.

The potential migration of chemical compounds from plastic food packaging poses significant health risks, necessitating continuous monitoring and enhanced safety protocols. This study aimed to investigate the migration of nine chemical groups, including alanine, acetic acid, cyano derivatives, urea, amines, amides, benzene derivatives, nitrites, and non-specified compounds, across different food categories. A total of 195 packaged food samples from eleven food categories were analyzed using Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify and quantify chemical migrants.

Does Magnesium Affect Sex Hormones and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with PCOS? Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with various cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity, which contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This inaugural systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the impact of magnesium supplementation on various cardiometabolic risk factors and hormonal parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). : We systematically searched the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases until 30 March 2024 for studies comparing magnesium supplementation to control in improving cardiometabolic and hormonal factors in PCOS patients.

Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of malignant gynecologic cancers (ovarian, endometrial, and cervical): A population-based study from the U.S.A. National Inpatient Sample 2016-2019.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically examine the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016-2019). Univariate and multivariable regression analyses (adjusted age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate association between PCOS and gynecologic cancers.

The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: An inverse relationship between vitamin D supplementation and C-reactive protein (CRP) and hypertension has been reported, mostly through observational data. This inverse relationship, however, has not been confirmed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of RCTs is needed to provide more robust evidence.

Association between Endometriosis and the Risk of Ovarian, Endometrial, Cervical, and Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the U.S. National Inpatient Sample 2016-2019.

Objective: We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Methods: We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016-2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, oxidative stress, and hormonal parameters in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on various cardiometabolic risk factors and hormonal parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases without language restrictions until May 2023 to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the impact of ALA supplementation on anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, oxidative stress, and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS. Outcomes were summarized using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects model.

Impact of Ambient Air Pollution Exposure on Long COVID-19 Symptoms: A Cohort Study within the Saudi Arabian Population.

Unlabelled: Evidence suggests that air pollution, specifically the particulate matters PM2.5 and PM10, plays a key role in exacerbating the risk of prolonged symptoms following COVID-19 infection.

Aim: This study endeavors to elucidate the potential interaction between chronic air pollution exposure and the manifestation of long COVID symptoms within a cohort based in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Post COVID-19 Symptoms Among Infected Vaccinated Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Multiple studies investigated the endurance and occurrence of symptoms three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study examines the possible effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the persistence of post-recovery symptoms.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia to evaluate 14 prevalent long COVID-19 symptoms among vaccinated individuals.

Dexpanthenol improved stem cells against cisplatin-induced kidney injury by inhibition of TNF-α, TGFβ-1, β-catenin, and fibronectin pathways.

Introduction: Cisplatin interacts with DNA and induces an immunological response and reactive oxygen species, which are nephrotoxic mediators. Stem cells self-renew through symmetric divisions and can develop into other cell types due to their multipotency. Dexpanthenol has been proven to protect against renal injury.

Exploring the impact of chronic medical conditions on maternal mental health: A National Inpatient Sample analysis.

Background: Pregnancy and postpartum period are associated with stress and pain. Chronic medical conditions can aggravate depressive and psychotic mental illnesses in the peripartum period.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the association between different chronic medical conditions and mental illnesses during pregnancy and the postpartum period using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS).

The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Improving Blood Pressure: Evidence Obtained From an Umbrella Meta-analysis.

Purpose: The results of meta-analyses regarding the effect of vitamin D on blood pressure are conflicting. The present umbrella meta-analysis was conducted to provide definite and conclusive results.

Methods: Systematically, Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published up to July 2022.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the omega-3 fatty acids effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) have attracted the attention of researchers because of their influence on circulatory levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our objective was to review systematically and Meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of omega-3 FAs supplementation on serum BDNF concentration.

Methods: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until April 2023.

Evaluation of School-Age Children's Intelligence Quotient and Their Chronic Exposure to Trace Elements in Ambient Air.

Background Children's exposure to different trace elements in their air, water, and food or even present in paints or toys can affect their intelligence quotient (IQ) score. However, this correlation needs to be analyzed and evaluated in different contexts. This study aimed to investigate the associations between airborne concentrations of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As) and intellectual function in school-age children in Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

PTEN rs701848 Polymorphism is Associated with Trastuzumab Resistance in HER2-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Predicts Progression-free Survival.

Background: Trastuzumab is an effective therapeutic approach for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, a considerable number of patients develop resistance along the course of the disease. PTEN rs701848 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer and have a potential role in predicting drug resistance.

Post-COVID-19 syndrome: assessment of short- and long-term post-recovery symptoms in recovered cases in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Recent studies investigated the endurance of symptoms and occurrence of complications three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to examine the prevalence, variation, and severity of continual symptoms in the post-COVID-19 using a single-center questionnaire.

Methods: The questionnaire was distributed among population in Saudi Arabia who recovered from COVID-19 between April 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021.

Correlation of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (cPAHs) and Blood Levels of p53 and p21 Proteins.

Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAHs) are considered the most serious cancer risk. This study was conducted to assess the effect of acute exposure to cPAHs on cancer biomarker proteins p53 and p21 in occupational workers during the hajj season in Makkah. One hundred five participants were recruited, including occupational workers and apparently healthy individuals; air samples were collected using personal sample monitors to identify the subjects' exposure to cPAHs.

Evaluation of Carcinogenic Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Levels in Airborne Particulates Associated with Long-Term Exposure throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: The effect of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on human health differs depending on the duration and exposure path.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of PAHs on the human health risks associated with long-term exposure both before and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology: PM10 sampling for 24 h was conducted at six sampling sites (Al-Haram, Aziziyah, Al Nuzhah, Muzdalifah, Arafat, and Al Awali).

Correlation of COVID-19 Pandemic with Healthcare System Response and Prevention Measures in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The Saudi government has taken the decision to prevent the entrance of about 2.5 million international pilgrims seeking to perform hajj in order to protect the world from a catastrophic widespread of disease. Moreover, health systems in Saudi Arabia are offering free testing for residents whether Saudi and non-Saudi.

Serum Levels of Selenium, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, and Iron in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Backgrounds: Variations of trace element contents may be associated with several diseases including metabolic disorders, cellular growth disturbance, mutation and tumorigenesis. Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide and stand fifth most common male cancer in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: In the present study, Serum levels of selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, and iron were measured in patients with BPH and prostate cancer aiming to explore the association between these elements and prostate cancer.

Trace Element Alterations in the Hair of Diabetic and Obese Women.

Alterations in the trace element content can induce metabolic disorders as these elements are involved in the regulation of metabolism. Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, and is more prevalent in Saudi Arabia, especially in women. This study explored the potential of alterations in hair trace elements as long-term markers in diabetic and/or obese Saudi females.