Recent Insights into the Epidemiology and Management of Anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly developing systemic hypersensitivity reaction that can be life-threatening if not promptly identified and treated. Its global incidence is on the rise, especially among children, though fatal outcomes remain uncommon. This review summarizes the current understanding of anaphylaxis, covering its epidemiology, triggers, acute management, and strategies for long-term prevention, with emphasis on cases caused by food, medications, and insect stings.

Epinephrine Nasal Spray Improves Allergic Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Oral Food Challenge, Phase 3 Trial.

Background: Rapid administration of epinephrine is the only approved first-line treatment for severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis. Despite its well-established history of safety and efficacy, patients and caregivers have reported significant reluctance to administer epinephrine, largely owing to concerns about the injection. An epinephrine nasal spray (neffy) was recently approved as the first needle-free epinephrine option for the treatment of severe allergic reactions.

Real-World Effectiveness for Sublingual Allergen Immunotherapy Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents.

Background: Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) is a safe and effective treatment of allergic rhinitis, and its use has been increasing in recent years. Although several randomized and observational studies showed the effectiveness of SLIT among adults and children aged > 12 years, its extent remains unclear in nationwide routine healthcare settings for school-aged children.

Methods: We conducted a propensity score (PS)-matched cohort study using a nationwide administrative database.

Factors associated with egg aversion after a negative oral food challenge result in children with egg allergies: A multicenter questionnaire survey in Japan.

Background: Many children with egg allergies experience aversion, which hinders reintroduction after a negative oral food challenge (OFC). We aimed to assess factors associated with egg aversion in children after negative egg OFCs.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter questionnaire survey between January and December 2018 and retrospectively collected background data from the medical records.

Towards a common approach for managing food allergy and serious allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) at school. GALEN and EFA consensus statement.

GALEN and EFA propose minimum specifications for all industrialised countries/regions to work towards to support students with food allergies in educational settings. We reviewed research and legislation and gained feedback from over 100 patient and professional groups. We built shared expectations around: 1.

Low-dose oral cow's milk challenge outcome for patients on complete avoidance: A multicenter study in Japan.

Background: Few studies have reported significant risk factors for allergic symptoms during low-dose (1-3 mL) cow's milk (CM) oral food challenges (OFCs). We investigated patients from multiple centers in Japan to identify high-risk, low-dose CM OFCs and conducted these tests at allergy-specialized facilities.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the results of the first low-dose CM OFCs performed at 10 hospitals in Japan between January and December 2019.

[STUDY ON THE USE OF MULTI-ITEM ALLERGY TEST "DROP SCREEN" FOR PEDIATRIC ALLERGIC DISEASES].

Background: DropScreen ST-1 is a new onsite simultaneous measurement of specific IgE antibodies for multiple allergens using a small amount of blood and has been clinically utilized since 2020. We compared it with ImmunoCap which is conventionally performed for each single allergen and investigated the usefulness for pediatric allergy.

Method: Using serum from 244 people who visited an allergy outpatient clinic, specific IgE antibodies were measured using DropScreen ST-1 and the concordance rate with ImmunoCap was evaluated, targeting 244 people (under 3 years old).

Long-term comparison of high- and low-dose oral immunotherapy in children with anaphylactic cow's milk allergy.

Background: Long-term evidence on maintenance doses of oral immunotherapy (OIT) for anaphylactic cow's milk allergy is insufficient.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the three-year safety, efficacy, and adherence between OIT with a maintenance dose of 200 mL of cow's milk (HOIT, 2009-2013) and 3 mL of cow's milk (LOIT, 2013-2019). Patients aged 6-18 years with a history of anaphylaxis reacting to ≤3 mL of cow's milk during oral food challenge (OFC) were included.

Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs.

Background: This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

Methods: Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index).

Peach component-specific IgE measurement helps to differentiate between local and systemic reactions in peach-allergic Japanese patients.

Background: Component-resolved diagnostics are used to diagnose food allergies. Currently, reports on sensitization profiles using peach-allergen components in a multicenter setting are lacking. In this study, sensitization profiling of peach allergy was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of each component specific-immunoglobulin E antibody (sIgE ab) test.

Three-year prognoses after low-dose oral food challenge for cow's milk.

Background: Low-dose (LD) oral food challenge (OFC) with heated cow's milk (CM; 3 mL) effectively prevents CM elimination in children with CM allergy (CMA). We investigated the long-term prognoses after an LD-OFC for CMA.

Methods: Children with immediate CMA symptoms after consuming <25 mL of CM within 2 years of a baseline LD-OFC were retrospectively analyzed.

Evaluating clinical importance of sensitization to Ara h 6 quantitively in Japanese children.

Background: The clinical importance of sensitization to 6 (Ara h 6) in Japanese children remains unelucidated. We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the clinical importance of sensitization to Ara h 6 in managing peanut allergy in Japanese children.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of children with or without symptoms induced by an oral food challenge or home dosing of up to 3 g of peanuts.

An International Delphi Consensus on the Management of Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome: A Work Group Report of the AAAAI Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee.

Background: Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is common among patients with allergic rhinitis. Treatment recommendations for patients with PFAS remain variable.

Objective: To develop consensus recommendation statements for managing patients with PFAS.

The impact of COVID-19 on hay fever treatment in Japan: A retrospective cohort study based on the Japanese claims database.

Background: Hay fever (HF) presents with various symptoms, including allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis, and requires cross-organ treatment. This study assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HF treatment trends.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the JMDC database collected between January 2018 and May 2021.