Neuropsychological and psychopathological correlates of insight in persons with OCD.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent, distressing obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. In OCD, the level of insight is classified as good, poor, or absent. Poorer insight is associated with a more complex clinical presentation and a poorer prognosis.

Maternal exercise rescues fetal akinesia-impaired joint and bone development.

Fetal movements exert mechanical forces that shape the developing skeleton. Conditions that impair fetal movements can cause skeletal defects, but interventions are limited. Here, we show that maternal wheel running exercise regulates fetal skeletal development in mice.

Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and medium-term kidney outcomes in adults with mixed class III/IV with class V and pure proliferative lupus nephritis in a developing country.

Objective: To compare clinicopathological characteristics and medium-term outcomes in patients with pure proliferative lupus nephritis (PPLN) or co-existence of proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) with class V, termed mixed PLN (MPLN) in terms of remission, requirement of kidney replacement therapy (KRT), and patient survival.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on biopsy-proven PLN cases diagnosed between 1998 and 2018, at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), and followed at the kidney clinic for a minimum of 5 years. All patients were sub-classified as PPLN (class III or IV alone), and MPLN (class III+V or class IV+V) based on the 2003 International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) classification system.

Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcomes of adult patients with proliferative lupus nephritis.

Background: Proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) is the most severe form of lupus nephritis (LN). There are limited data available on renal outcomes of PLN from developing countries.

Aim: To determine the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcomes in terms of remission, requirement of kidney replacement therapy (KRT), and patient survival.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Effects of a Digital Oral Anticancer Agent Intervention: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Individuals taking oral anticancer agents (OAAs) often face important challenges, requiring more timely informational support, ongoing monitoring, and side effect management.

Objective: This study, guided by the Self-Efficacy Theory, aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effects of a comprehensive, digital OAA intervention.

Methods: A 2-arm, mixed methods, pilot randomized controlled trial took place at a large university-affiliated cancer center in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for preventing or reversing physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults aged over 50 years: overview of systematic reviews.

Background: A large proportion of older adults are pre-frail. Interventions aimed at this group provide opportunity to reduce progression of physical frailty. The aim of this overview of reviews is to evaluate evidence for non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention/reversal of physical frailty in community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 50 years.

Lack of embryonic skeletal muscle in mice leads to abnormal mineral deposition and growth.

Developing bones can be severely impaired by a range of disorders where muscular loading is abnormal. Recent work has indicated that the effects of absent skeletal muscle on bones are more severe early in development, with rudiment length and mineralization lengths being almost normal in muscle-less limbs just prior to birth. However, the impact of abnormal mechanical loading on the nanoscale structure and composition during prenatal mineralization remains unknown.

Short-term renal and patient outcomes of primary immunoglobulin-associated mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis: Insights from a developing country.

Background: Primary immunoglobulin (Ig)-associated mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (Ig-MCGN) is an immune complex glomerulonephritis of unknown etiology. It is a common cause of chronic kidney disease in developing countries. There is limited data available on renal and patient outcomes of this disease from developing countries.

Relationship of lupus nephritis and pregnancy: A narrative review.

Pregnancy in women with lupus, particularly those with lupus nephritis (LN), carries an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Women with active LN at the time of conception are at a high risk of poor maternal and fetal outcomes. Recent studies indicate that even in the presence of quiescent disease, factors such as hypertension and positive lupus anticoagulant are predictors of worse pregnancy outcomes.

The association between delirium and falls in older adults in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Systematically review and critically appraise the evidence for the association between delirium and falls in community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years.

Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases in April 2023. Standard methods were used to screen, extract data, assess risk of bias (using Newcastle-Ottawa scale), provide a narrative synthesis and, where appropriate, conduct meta-analysis.

PEPerMINT: peptide abundance imputation in mass spectrometry-based proteomics using graph neural networks.

Motivation: Accurate quantitative information about protein abundance is crucial for understanding a biological system and its dynamics. Protein abundance is commonly estimated using label-free, bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS) protocols. Here, proteins are digested into peptides before quantification via MS.

The Use of Digital Health by South Asian Communities: A Scoping Review.

South Asian individuals experience a higher burden of chronic diseases and limited access to health care services compared with their Caucasian peers. Digital health interventions can enhance the delivery of health care, minimize health inequities, and consequently improve health status among minority ethnic groups. However, it is unclear how South Asian people view and perceive the use of digital health technologies to support their health needs.

Clinicopathological characteristics and renal outcomes of adult patients with pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis according to ANCA status.

Background: Pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis (PING) is commonly associated with the presence of antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) but a significant number of patients do not have these antibodies. The significance of ANCA-negativity in the context of Berden's classification of PING is not known.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients with histopathological diagnosis of idiopathic PING irrespective of ANCA status diagnosed between January 1998 to December 2018 and followed up at renal clinic for > 12 months.

Interventions Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Physical Activity or Decrease Sedentary Behavior in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50-70: Systematic Review With Intervention Component Analysis.

Increasing physical activity (PA) and/or decreasing sedentary behaviors is important in the delay and prevention of long-term conditions. PA can help maintain function and independence and decrease the need for hospitalization/institutionalization. Activity rates often decline in later life resulting in a need for interventions that encourage uptake and adherence through the use of Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs).

Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy complicated by pre-existing lupus nephritis: Insights from a developing country Pakistan.

Background: Pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has remained a great challenge for clinicians in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes. The outcomes in women with pre-existing lupus nephritis (LN) are variable. The impact of different classes of LN on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy is not well defined, as data is very scarce, especially from the developing countries.

YAP and TAZ couple osteoblast precursor mobilization to angiogenesis and mechanoregulation in murine bone development.

Fetal bone development occurs through the conversion of avascular cartilage to vascularized bone at the growth plate. This requires coordinated mobilization of osteoblast precursors with blood vessels. In adult bone, vessel-adjacent osteoblast precursors are maintained by mechanical stimuli; however, the mechanisms by which these cells mobilize and respond to mechanical cues during embryonic development are unknown.

Patient Adherence to Oral Anticancer Agents: A Mapping Review of Supportive Interventions.

The development and use of oral anticancer agents (OAAs) continue to grow, and supporting individuals on OAAs is now a priority as they find themselves taking these drugs at home with little professional guidance. This mapping review provides an overview of the current evidence concerning OAA-supportive adherence interventions, identifying potential gaps, and making recommendations to guide future work. Four large databases and the grey literature were searched for publications from 2010 to 2022.

Mechanical loading due to muscle movement regulates establishment of the collagen network in the developing murine skeleton.

Mechanical loading is critical for collagen network maintenance and remodelling in adult skeletal tissues, but the role of loading in collagen network formation during development is poorly understood. We test the hypothesis that mechanical loading is necessary for the onset and maturation of spatial localization and structure of collagens in prenatal cartilage and bone, using and mouse models of altered loading. The majority of collagens studied was aberrant in structure or localization, or both, when skeletal muscle was absent .

Proteomics-Based Mapping of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Associated Changes in Noninvasively Accessible Oral Secretions.

Objective: To determine if oral secretions (OS) can be used as a noninvasively collected body fluid, in lieu of tracheal aspirates (TA), to track respiratory status and predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development in infants born <32 weeks.

Study Design: This was a retrospective, single center cohort study that included data and convenience samples from week-of-life (WoL) 3 from 2 independent preterm infant cohorts. Using previously banked samples, we applied our sample-sparing, high-throughput proteomics technology to compare OS and TA proteomes in infants born <32 weeks admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (Cohort 1; n = 23 infants).

Unveiling Breakthroughs in Post-resuscitation Supportive Care for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Narrative Review.

Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) experience significant mortality rates and neurological impairment, potentially attributed to the hypoxic-ischemic injury sustained amid the cardiac arrest episode. Post-resuscitation care plays a crucial role in determining outcomes for survivors of OHCA. Supportive therapies have proven to be influential in shaping these outcomes.

Beta-Blockers and Their Current Role in Maternal and Neonatal Health: A Narrative Review of the Literature.

Beta-blockers are a class of medications that act on beta-adrenergic receptors and are categorized as cardio-selective and non-selective. They are principally used to treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension and arrhythmias. Beta-blockers have also been used to treat non-cardiogenic indications in non-pregnant individuals and the pediatric population.

Lack of skeletal muscle contraction disrupts fibrous tissue morphogenesis in the developing murine knee.

Externally applied forces, such as those generated through skeletal muscle contraction, are important to embryonic joint formation, and their loss can result in gross morphologic defects including joint fusion. While the absence of muscle contraction in the developing chick embryo leads to dissociation of dense connective tissue structures of the knee and ultimately joint fusion, the central knee joint cavitates whereas the patellofemoral joint does not in murine models lacking skeletal muscle contraction, suggesting a milder phenotype. These differential results suggest that muscle contraction may not have as prominent of a role in the growth and development of dense connective tissues of the knee.

The Use of Digital Health by South Asian Communities: Scoping Review.

Background: South Asian individuals experience a higher burden of chronic diseases and limited access to health care services compared with their Caucasian peers. Digital health interventions can enhance the delivery of health care, minimize health inequities, and consequently improve health status among minority ethnic groups. However, it is unclear how South Asian people view and perceive the use of digital health technologies to support their health needs.