Neurosurgical faculty and resident perspectives on collective bargaining efforts by resident physicians in the United States.

Objective: Collective bargaining unions frequently represent employees across industries, including healthcare workers such as nurses. In recent years, resident physicians have been increasingly unionizing to improve working conditions and benefits. However, whether resident unionization will benefit or harm neurosurgery training is unclear.

Comprehensive guidelines for prehabilitation in spine surgery.

Study Design: Literature review.

Objectives: Review prehabilitation techniques used for elective spine surgery to create a comprehensive list of recommendations.

Methods: A systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines by searching three electronic databases from 1997 to 2021.

Emergent spinal pathologies in late-term pregnancy.

Pregnancy-induced changes to spinal anatomy and physiology can increase the complexity of neurosurgical intervention in this population. There are numerous reports focused on the neurosurgical management of intracranial pathology for pregnant patients. However, less is known about the neurosurgical management of acute spinal pathology.

Opportunities to Overcome Barriers to Lactation-Recommendations for Best Practices.

Introduction: Women represent over 50% of graduating medical students in the United States and approximately 20% of current neurosurgical residents in training. An increase in female representation requires an increase in advocacy efforts related to pregnancy. Although there is extensive literature on pregnancy in neurosurgical residents, the postpartum period, sometimes referred to as the "fourth trimester", is frequently overlooked.

Fluid biomarkers for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Introduction: There is a scarcity of literature exploring fluid-based biomarkers that have the potential to provide deeper insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) symptom presentation and postoperative recovery. This systematic review synthesized the literature on invasive, fluid-based biomarkers and their clinical significance with CSM.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was developed for concepts of biomarkers and CSM.

Delayed clinical response to focused ultrasound thalamotomy in essential tremor in a patient with suboptimal skull density ratio - A case report.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy offers incisionless treatment for essential tremor or tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, gaining acceptance as an alternative to deep brain stimulation. Compared to other methods, it offers real-time efficacy assessment without ionizing radiation.

Case Description: A 63-year-old male underwent MRgFUS, initially yielding subtle results due to skull limitations.

Investigation of research quality and transparency in neurosurgery through the utilization of open science practices.

Background And Objective: Neurosurgical research is a rapidly evolving field, with numerous studies continuously published. As the body of research grows, upholding high-quality standards becomes increasingly essential. Open science practices offer tools to ensure quality and transparency.

Bridging the Gap: Can Large Language Models Match Human Expertise in Writing Neurosurgical Operative Notes?

Background: Proper documentation is essential for patient care. The popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) offers the potential for improvements in neurosurgical note-writing. This study aimed to assess how AI can optimize documentation in neurosurgical procedures.

Can Artificial Intelligence Mitigate Missed Diagnoses by Generating Differential Diagnoses for Neurosurgeons?

Background/objective: Neurosurgery emphasizes the criticality of accurate differential diagnoses, with diagnostic delays posing significant health and economic challenges. As large language models (LLMs) emerge as transformative tools in healthcare, this study seeks to elucidate their role in assisting neurosurgeons with the differential diagnosis process, especially during preliminary consultations.

Methods: This study employed 3 chat-based LLMs, ChatGPT (versions 3.

Impact of environmental pollutants on pediatric brain tumor incidence in New Jersey.

Objective: The relationship between environmental contaminants and brain tumor incidence in adults has been thoroughly explored but research into how these contaminants affect pediatric brain tumor (PBT) incidence has not been explored. Children, typically having more limited geographical movement and thus more consistent environmental contaminant exposure, might offer more reliable insights into which environmental contaminants affect the incidence of brain tumors. The present study is the first to focus on exploring whether a possible association exists between the incidence of PBTs and exposure to environmental pollutants in New Jersey (NJ).

Assessing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Patient-Facing Websites in Neurosurgical Departments in the United States.

Background: Patient-facing websites serve as essential platforms for disseminating information, engaging with patients, and increasing access to neurosurgical resources and services. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion are at the forefront of issues facing the field of neurosurgery, especially concerning race and gender disparities in regards to providers in the field.

Methods: Data were collected in regards to the race and gender of patients and providers displayed on the neurosurgery department's patient-facing website in addition to accommodations for disabilities, decreased ability to pay, and language.

Advances in Anterolateral Approaches to the Lumbar Spine: A Focus on Technological Developments.

A historical overview of the evolution of anterolateral approaches to the lumber spine and associated patient outcomes is presented. In addition, the modern incorporation of new technologies is discussed, including interbody cages, intraoperative image guidance, robotics, augmented reality, and machine learning, which have significantly improved the spine surgery safety and efficacy profile. Current challenges and future directions are also covered, emphasizing the need for further research and development, particularly in robotic assistance and machine learning algorithms.

Excelencia en Neurocirugía: María Cristina García-Sancho, the First Latina Neurosurgeon in the World.

Background: Neurosurgery is a specialty that has been dominated by males. Although there has been an increase in the number of women in the field, it is not yet close to being equal. Some noteworthy women who have carved the path for other women to follow in their footsteps include Drs.

Can Publicly Available Artificial Intelligence Successfully Identify Current Procedural Terminology Codes for Common Procedures in Neurosurgery?

Objective: Coding for neurosurgical procedures is a complex process that is dynamically changing year to year, through the annual introduction and removal of codes and modifiers. The authors hoped to elucidate if publicly available artificial intelligence (AI) could offer solutions for neurosurgeons with regard to coding.

Methods: Multiple publicly available AI platforms were asked to provide Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes and Revenue Value Units (RVU) values for common neurosurgical procedures of the brain and spine with a given indication for the procedure.

Art and Neurosurgery: The Importance of Medical Illustration.

Art in neurosurgery has been a critical part of the discipline for centuries. Numerous cultures, such as ancient India, China, and Egypt, and more contemporary scientists, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Max Brödel, and Norman Dott, have significantly contributed to medical illustration. Today, advancements in three-dimensional technology have allowed for the creation of detailed neuroanatomy models for surgical planning and education.