Real-world clinical outcomes associated with first-line palbociclib and aromatase inhibitor therapy among patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer in Europe.

Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) combined with endocrine therapy is the recommended first-line (1L) treatment for hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). Real-world evidence (RWE) describing 1L CDK4/6i regimens and associated clinical outcomes in Europe is limited. The study objective was to describe clinical characteristics, tumor response, and survival outcomes in patients with HR+/HER2- ABC.

Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious and lethal disease that carries with it a high morbidity and mortality rate if left untreated. Treating ESRD is conducted via renal replacement therapy and/or kidney transplantation, with the latter being the preferred option given the better outcomes and quality of life for the patients. However, as ESRD rises in prevalence, kidney transplantation rates remain largely unchanged.

Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes with oral azacitidine maintenance therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: This study describes baseline and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, survival, and safety outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received oral azacitidine (oral-AZA) maintenance therapy in Canada following its approval in 2021.

Methods: A retrospective, observational medical record review was conducted of patients with AML in remission after induction therapy and who initiated treatment with oral-AZA between March 2021 and July 2023 in Canada. Real-world relapse-free survival and overall survival outcomes were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology.

Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost Comparison Between Palbociclib, Abemaciclib, and Ribociclib Among Patients with HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate economic outcomes in patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) treated with a first- or second-line cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i).

Methods: This retrospective analysis utilized Optum's Clinformatics DataMart (January 1, 2014-September 30, 2021). Included patients had ≥1 pharmacy claim for palbociclib, abemaciclib, or ribociclib in first or second-line and ≥6 months of continuous health plan enrollment in preindex (index: date of first CDK4/6i claim) and follow-up periods.

Real-world treatment patterns and health outcomes for patients with myelofibrosis treated with fedratinib.

Aim: Assess real-world fedratinib (FEDR) treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis following discontinuation of ruxolitinib (RUX).

Patients & Methods: This study was a retrospective, noninterventional medical record review of patients in Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom (UK). A total of 70 physicians (primarily hematologist-oncologists [78.

Treatment Patterns and Persistent Disease Activity in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Limited real-world nontertiary care evidence on the patient therapeutic journey and disease burden of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) exists. The aim was to collect real-world data on the EoE patient journey across different age groups.

Methods: This retrospective, real-world, cohort study used electronic medical records and claims data provided by a rural integrated US healthcare system.

Treatment characteristics and outcomes in lower-risk, non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes: findings from a medical record review in the USA, Canada and Europe.

To assess treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with non-del(5q) lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Patient medical records were reviewed in the USA, Canada (CAN), UK and the EU. Analysis included 119 patients in the USA/CAN (median age, 61.

Hypernatremia Masking a Case of Primary Sjögren Syndrome-induced Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis.

Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), also known as Type 1 renal tubular acidosis, is a rare disorder. It primarily occurs through the inability to secrete H+ ions. The causes of dRTA can be divided into primary and secondary.

Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in adult patients with germline -mutated, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: a retrospective medical record review in the United States.

Aim: To examine clinical characteristics, real-world treatment patterns, and health outcomes among patients with germline -mutated, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records from patients with HER2-negative ABC with mutation who received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Data were stratified into groups with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative diagnoses.

Recent Trends in Hypoparathyroidism-Related Inpatient and Emergency Department Admissions and Costs in the United States.

Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare disease associated with high morbidity. Its economic impact is not well understood. This retrospective, cross-sectional study used data from the United States-based National Inpatient Sample and the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from 2010 to 2018 to quantify overall trends in number, cost, charges, and length of stay (LOS) for inpatient hospitalizations and number and charges for emergency department (ED) visits for HypoPT-related and for non-HypoPT-related causes.

Efficacy and safety of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with history of cancer.

Background: Though the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients with cancer, the effectiveness of catheter ablation (CA) for AF in patients with cancer is not well studied.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent CA for AF. Patients with a history of cancer within 5-years prior to, or those with an exposure to anthracyclines and/or thoracic radiation at any time prior to the index ablation were compared to patients without a history of cancer who underwent AF ablation.

Safety and efficacy of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) in patients with history of cancer.

Background: Surgical therapy has been a long-standing option for valvular heart disease, in patients with history of cancer, it carries an increased risk of complications.

Objectives: Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for mitral regurgitation, represents a less invasive option. However, patients with history of cancer have generally been excluded from trials.

Biomarker testing in patients diagnosed with advanced/metastatic medullary thyroid cancer in the USA.

To describe real-world testing patterns for in US patients with advanced/metastatic medullary thyroid cancer and determine consistency of real-world testing practices with national guidelines. The authors performed a retrospective medical record analysis of patients with advanced/metastatic medullary thyroid cancer who initiated systemic therapy between 2013 and 2018. Seventy-five US-based oncologists collected the data using a customized electronic data collection form.

tRForest: a novel random forest-based algorithm for tRNA-derived fragment target prediction.

tRNA fragments (tRFs) are small RNAs comparable to the size and function of miRNAs. tRFs are generally Dicer independent, are found associated with Ago, and can repress expression of genes post-transcriptionally. Given that this expands the repertoire of small RNAs capable of post-transcriptional gene expression, it is important to predict tRF targets with confidence.

Real-world clinical outcomes of patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib: a medical record review.

To assess real-world ruxolitinib treatment patterns and outcomes in patients diagnosed with primary or secondary myelofibrosis. Patient medical records were reviewed in six countries. Eligible patients (n = 469) had a mean age of 63.

Diagnostic characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes for patients with advanced/metastatic medullary thyroid cancer.

Background: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for approximately 1.6% of new cases of thyroid cancer. The objective of this study was to describe patient characteristics, biomarker testing, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes among patients with advanced/metastatic MTC in a real-world setting in the United States and to identify potential gaps in the care of these patients.

Catheter based interventions for lower extremity peripheral artery disease.

The field of peripheral arterial intervention has exploded over the past 20 years. Current knowledge includes a growing evidence base for treatment as well as a myriad of new interventional approaches to complex disease. This review seeks to outline the current state of the art for interventional approaches to lower extremity peripheral arterial disease.

Cardiotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Purpose Of Review: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the survival of several cancers. However, they may cause a wide range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). While most irAEs are manageable with temporary cessation of ICI and immunosuppression, cardiovascular toxicity can be associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.

Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With a History of Cancer and Comorbid Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are independently associated with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19. However, outcomes in patients with COVID-19 with both cancer and comorbid CVD are unknown.

Methods: This retrospective study included 2,476 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 4 Massachusetts hospitals between March 11 and May 21, 2020.