Body and Testicular Biometry and Epididymal Sperm Characteristics in Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor (Kerr, 1792)).

Characterising body and reproductive morphometry and their association with epididymal sperm quality can contribute to the conservation of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor). Five adult males maintained in captivity at the Getúlio Vargas Zoobotanical Park (Salvador, BA, Brazil) were captured, anaesthetised, and subjected to bilateral orchiectomy as part of a population-control strategy. Body measurements included head circumference, thoracic diameter, total length, withers height, and body weight.

Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Physiological Resilience of Juvenile Gilthead Seabream () Fed Organic and Circular Economy-Derived Diets.

Aquafeeds formulated with organic or circular economy-derived ingredients aim to enhance sustainability and consumer acceptance. This study evaluated the global warming potential (GWP) and digestibility of such feeds, and assessed their effects on performance, feed utilisation and physiological resilience, defined as the ability to maintain tissue function and integrity under different feeding conditions of juvenile gilthead seabream () during grow out and after an overcrowding stress challenge. Three isonitrogenous (~51% crude protein) and isoenergetic (~18% crude fat) diets with limited fishmeal were formulated: a control (CTRL) commercial-like feed; an organic (ORG) diet based on organic-certified ingredients rich in plant proteins (primarily pea protein concentrate and wheat gluten); an eco-efficient (ECO) diet mainly composed of circular economy-derived animal by-products (e.

Retrospective analysis of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli causing community-acquired urinary tract infections in the United States from 2010 to 2022.

Objective: A retrospective analysis of Escherichia coli isolates collected from community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the United States for the years 2010-2022 was performed. The data originated from accessing the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, which is a global monitoring program that has been ongoing since 1997 with a purpose of tracking and reporting susceptibility of clinical isolates collected from various infection sources.

Methods: Isolates meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition for community-acquired UTI were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility against 17 antimicrobial agents using broth microdilution methodology specified by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.

Soil microbial diversity: A key factor in pathogen suppression and inoculant performance.

Soil microbial diversity plays a crucial role in plant health, influencing pathogen suppression and biocontrol efficacy. This study investigated how soil microbial diversity modulates interactions between the pathogen and the biocontrol bacterium in the wheat rhizosphere. Using a dilution-to-extinction method, we established five soil microbial diversity levels: natural soil, dilutions at 10, 10, 10, and fully autoclaved soil.

Activity of ceftobiprole against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of diverse genetic types.

Background: Ceftobiprole was approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2024 and by the European Medicines Agency in 2013 for the treatment of pneumonia, bacterial skin and skin structure infections, and Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections. Numerous methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) lineages have been identified with unique assemblages of resistance determinants and virulence factors.

Activity of β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations Against Enterobacterales Isolated from Patients with Intra-Abdominal Infection from United States Medical Centres (2019-2023).

: To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacterales isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections (IAI) in United States (US) medical centres. : A total of 2036 isolates (1/patient) were consecutively collected from patients with IAI in 63 US hospitals in 2019-2023 and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) were screened for carbapenemases by whole genome sequencing.

Re-evaluation of penicillin and ceftriaxone MIC results to predict susceptibility to the oral cephalosporin, cefpodoxime, in clinical isolates from the United States according to CLSI guidelines (2019-2021).

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100Ed24 (2024) states that susceptible to oral penicillin can be considered susceptible to various β-lactams, including oral cephalosporins. However, surrogacy guidance is not available for isolates nonsusceptible to oral penicillin. Instead, such isolates require specific MIC testing and interpretations for reporting susceptibility to oral cephalosporins, for which susceptibility testing is limited in most automated systems, and consequently restricts information pertaining to oral cephalosporins at an individual institution.

Aztreonam/avibactam activity against Enterobacterales from European medical centres: summary of 5 years of surveillance prior to approval for clinical use (2019-2023).

Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro activity of aztreonam/avibactam against Enterobacterales from European medical centres during the 5-year period prior to its approval for clinical use in Europe.

Methods: Thirty thousand seventy-four Enterobacterales isolates were consecutively collected in 2019-2023 from 19 medical centres in Eastern Europe and Mediterranean region (E-EU; n = 8074) and 27 medical centres in Western Europe (W-EU; n = 22 000) and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and isolates with elevated MICs (>4 mg/L) for aztreonam/avibactam were molecularly characterized.

Uncovering functional deterioration in the rhizosphere microbiome associated with post-green revolution wheat cultivars.

Background: During the Green Revolution, one of the biggest developments of wheat domestication was the development of new cultivars that respond well to fertilisers and produce higher yields on shorter stems to prevent lodging. Consequently, this change has also impacted the wheat microbiome, often resulting in reduced selection of taxa and a loss of network complexity in the rhizospheres of modern cultivars. Given the importance of rhizosphere microbiomes for plant health and performance, it is imperative that we understand if and how these changes have affected their function.

Characterization of and Species Complex Isolates with Decreased Susceptibility to Cephalosporins from United States Hospitals and Activity of Aztreonam-Avibactam and Comparator Agents (2019-2023).

Background: (CFC) and (ECLC) species complexes represent important causes of hospital-associated infections, frequently are related to outbreaks, and have a great ability to develop antimicrobial resistance. We evaluated a large collection of CFC and ECLC isolates with decreased susceptibility to broad-spectrum cephalosporins (Ceph-DS) from United States (US) hospitals.

Methods: A total of 43,325 Enterobacterales (1/patient) were collected in 2019-2023 and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution; among those, 5106 (11.

Analysis of Teachers' Visual Behaviour in Classes: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Teachers' visual behaviour in classes has an important role in learning and instruction. Hence, understanding the dynamics of classroom interactions is fundamental in educational research. As mapping evidence on this topic would highlight concepts and knowledge gaps in this area, this systematic review aimed to collect and systematise the analysis of teachers' visual behaviour in classroom settings through the use of eye-tracking apparatus; (2) Methods: The methodological procedures were registered in the INPLASY database and this systematic review used the PRISMA criteria for the selection and analysis of studies in this area.

The relationship between abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and its risk factors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm is defined as a focal and persistent dilatation of the abdominal portion of the aorta to a diameter ≥50% larger than the diameter of adjacent segments and involving all three layers of the vessel wall.

Objectives: To evaluate whether risk factors (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and age) influence aneurysm expansion.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a series of cases that included 299 patients treated from January 2007 to January 2020, separated into exposed and unexposed groups by risk factors.

On the performance of QTP functionals applied to second-order response properties.

Correlated orbital theory (COT) is an exact one-particle treatment that adds essential electron correlation into its molecular orbitals, potentially reducing correlated treatments of response properties to one-particle coupled-perturbed Hartree-Fock- or Kohn-Sham-like calculations. Such a computation is vastly simpler than the usual ab initio correlated approach that would add correlation typically with EOM-CC after a perturbed mean-field solution. The question then is, how well can this be accomplished via the Quantum Theory Project (QTP) exchange-correlation (XC) functionals that are meant to emulate the rigorous COT framework? This paper addresses this question for response properties by making comparisons between such orbital-specific calculations and those from well-correlated EOM-CC solutions for static polarizabilities, nuclear magnetic resonance coupling constants, and chemical shifts.

Surveillance of omadacycline against 35,000 bacterial clinical isolates from the United States (2019-2023).

Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline (tetracycline class) antibacterial approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2018 for the treatment of indicated organism groups and is available as intravenous and oral formulations. Omadacycline activity was assessed against 35,000 bacterial clinical isolates from medical centers in the United States (2019-2023) as part of the 5-year post-marketing surveillance commitment. Applying United States Food and Drug Administration breakpoint interpretive criteria, 98.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Europe, Asia, and Latin America (2018-2023).

Background: The occurrence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections, especially pneumonia, has increased consistently in the last years. We evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of a large collection of S. maltophilia collected in Europe, Asia, and Latin America.

Activity of Aztreonam-avibactam and other β-lactamase inhibitor combinations against Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized with pneumonia in United States medical centers (2020-2022).

Background: Initial antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia is frequently empirical and resistance to antimicrobial agents represents a great challenge to the treatment of patients hospitalized with pneumonia. We evaluated the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria causing pneumonia in US hospitals.

Methods: Bacterial isolates were consecutively collected (1/patient) from patients hospitalized with pneumonia and the susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli (3,911 Enterobacterales and 2,753 non-fermenters) was evaluated by broth microdilution in a monitoring laboratory.

Ceftobiprole activity against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates collected in the United States from 2016 through 2022.

Ceftobiprole was recently approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with bacteremia, including right-side endocarditis, acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults and pediatrics. Ceftobiprole is an advanced-generation cephalosporin approved in many countries for the treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia. We evaluated the activities of ceftobiprole and comparators against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends in Causing Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections in the United States.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common pediatric infections. This study evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 3511 uropathogenic (UPEC) isolated from pediatric patients in the United States from 2014 to 2023. The database from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program from 89 medical centers was utilized as a data source.

Role of horizontal gene transfer and cooperation in rhizosphere microbiome assembly.

Microbes employ a variety of mechanisms, encompassing chemical signaling (e.g., quorum-sensing molecules) and genetic processes like horizontal gene transfer (HGT), to engage in interactions.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of enterobacterales causing bloodstream infection in United States medical centres: comparison of aztreonam-avibactam with beta-lactams active against carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales.

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is associated with poor outcomes especially when effective antimicrobial therapy and control of infection source are delayed. As the frequency of Enterobacterales producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) and/or OXA-48-like carbapenemases is increasing in some United States (US) medical centres, effective antimicrobials to treat the infections caused by these organisms are urgently needed. Aztreonam-avibactam is under clinical development for treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including MBL producers.

activity assessment of cefiderocol against Enterobacterales, and spp., including β-lactam nonsusceptible molecularly characterized isolates, collected from 2020 to 2021 in the United States and European hospitals.

This study reports the activity of cefiderocol against Enterobacterales, , and spp. isolates collected from the United States and Europe, including Israel and Turkey, from 2020 to 2021. Among Enterobacterales, 2.

High Rates of Nonsusceptibility to Common Oral Antibiotics in Clinical Isolates From the United States (2019-2021).

isolates from the United States (n = 1038; 2019-2021) were susceptible to omadacycline (99.8%), levofloxacin (99.7%), and ceftriaxone (98.