Antibody responses to feline leukaemia vaccination: exploring the effect of sex, boosting schedule, site of administration and vaccine type.

ObjectivesHistorically, vaccines have been administered in the dorsal interscapular region of cats (the 'scruff' of the neck) owing to easy access to the subcutaneous space. In response to concerns about sarcomas developing at injection sites (feline injection site sarcomas [FISSs]), and a possible association between feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) vaccination and the development of FISS, alternative FeLV vaccination sites such as the distal left hindlimb and tail have been proposed by influential vaccination bodies and various key opinion leaders. There is a dearth of evidence, however, to demonstrate the development of a comparable immune response after FeLV vaccination in these sites.

A call to action to include disability in intersectional health equity research and policy.

Disability status is rarely included in health research and policy, including intersectional research, perpetuating health inequities for this population. This paper calls on researchers and policymakers to take concrete steps to advance health equity for disabled people, including those at the intersections of disability, race, ethnicity, poverty, and other marginalized identities. We propose four strategies with recommendations to promote: a) meaningful engagement of disabled and multiply marginalized people in research and policy planning; b) cohesive, systemic disability data collection and analyses; c) use of intersectional approaches to examine structural drivers of health inequities; and d) leveraging of administrative data to improve disability healthcare policies and practices.

Nintedanib Induces Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition and Reduces Subretinal Fibrosis Through Metabolic Reprogramming.

This study aimed to investigate the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Nintedanib and its potential role in reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β2) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, along with its therapeutic potential using a mouse model of subretinal fibrosis. We hypothesized that the blockade of angiogenesis promoting and fibrosis inducing signaling using the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Nintedanib (OfevTM) can prevent or reverse EMT both in vitro and in our in vivo model of subretinal fibrosis. Primary human retinal pigment epithelial cells (phRPE) and adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) cells were treated with TGF-β210 ng/mL for two days followed by four days of Nintedanib (1 µM) incubation.

Response of UBR-box E3 ubiquitin ligases and protein quality control pathways to perturbations in protein synthesis and skeletal muscle size.

The N-degron pathway contributes to proteolysis by targeting N-terminal residues of destabilized proteins via E3 ligases that contain a UBR-box domain. Emerging evidence suggests the UBR-box family of E3 ubiquitin ligases (UBR1-7) are involved in the positive regulation of skeletal muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of UBR-box E3 ubiquitin ligases under enhanced protein synthesis and skeletal muscle growth conditions.

Inhibition of glycolysis modulates retinal endothelial cell function and pathological neovascularization.

In many retinopathies, hypoxia stimulates pathogenic neovascularization. The precise impact of hypoxia and how it may drive a switch in retinal microvascular endothelial cell metabolism during active angiogenesis remains ill-defined. This study has sought to understand dynamic shifts in the metabolic profile of retinal microvascular endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia and during ischemia-induced neovascularization.

Optimised steel slag carbonation for enhanced CO sequestration: A comprehensive study using response surface methodology (RSM).

This study utilises response surface methodology (RSM) to optimise the conditions under which CO sequestration occurs during the pioneering use of steel slag in a mineral carbonation process. Crucial factors such as time, reaction temperature, pressure conditions and the liquid/solid ratio are systematically varied and analysed to determine if CO sequestration is efficient. The results show that the amount of carbon captured was directly impacted by the relationship between time and temperature.

A Family of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Aza-Dipyrromethenes and Aza-BODIPYs with Through-Bond and Face-To-Face π-Interaction between Termini.

The dipyrromethenes (DPMs) and their borylated adducts (BODIPYs) constitute a class of versatile chromophores that has become one of the most widely studied over recent decades. They combine excellent photochemistry properties with opportunity for synthetic manipulation and tuning. We report here a related class of aza-dibenzodipyrromethenes and show that they present an interesting architecture where the core adopts a helical arrangement that places terminal aryl functional groups directly on top of each other in close, π-stacked arrangement.

Metabotype identification via fasting and postprandial metabolomics and its association with type 2 diabetes incidence.

Background: Metabotypes represent distinct metabolic profiles that groups of individuals share, facilitating disease risk stratification. We aimed to apply metabolomics to identify metabotypes in different prandial states and examine its associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk.

Methods: Using fasting and postprandial metabolomic data from the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study (N = 5320), we applied -means clustering to identify individual’s metabotypes for three prandial states (fasting, postprandial [150 min after meal], and postprandial minus fasting, i.

Stepwise Photoreactions and Photosalient Effects in Isostructural Donor-Acceptor Molecular Complexes with Tunable Optical Properties.

In the rapidly evolving field of molecular design, donor-acceptor complexes have garnered significant attention due to their unique optical, electronic, and photoreactive properties. This study explores the synthesis of donor-acceptor molecular complexes using electron-deficient tetrafluoroterephthalate and four electron-rich 4-vinylpyridine derivatives. Due to the similar chemical structures of 4-vinylpyridine derivatives (2tpy, 3tpy, 4spy, and 3F-4spy), three of the four complexes exhibit isostructural packing.

Anisotropic object-based shifts of attention arise from unequal influences of visual field meridians on neural attention gradients.

Object-based attention prioritizes the processing of information appearing within a selected object. We previously showed an object-based shift direction anisotropy (SDA) whereby horizontal shifts are more efficient than vertical shifts (Barnas AJ, Greenberg AS. 78: 1985-1997, 2016; Barnas AJ, Greenberg AS.

An Updated Indirect Comparison of Elranatamab Versus a Real-World External Control Arm in Triple-Class Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Elranatamab is a BCMAxCD3 bispecific antibody approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). The registrational Phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 (NCT04649359) trial was single-armed; the aim of this indirect comparison was to contextualize the efficacy of the most recent 28.4-month follow-up data cut from this trial, allowing for more mature data, with real-world data serving as an external control.

Uncovering functional deterioration in the rhizosphere microbiome associated with post-green revolution wheat cultivars.

Background: During the Green Revolution, one of the biggest developments of wheat domestication was the development of new cultivars that respond well to fertilisers and produce higher yields on shorter stems to prevent lodging. Consequently, this change has also impacted the wheat microbiome, often resulting in reduced selection of taxa and a loss of network complexity in the rhizospheres of modern cultivars. Given the importance of rhizosphere microbiomes for plant health and performance, it is imperative that we understand if and how these changes have affected their function.

Long-term outcomes of patients treated with contact X-ray brachytherapy and external beam (chemo)radiotherapy following local excision of rectal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Local excision can be a definitive treatment for T1 SM1 N0 rectal adenocarcinomas, but post-excision histology may reveal adverse features or more advanced tumour stage, requiring adjuvant treatment. For patients who are unfit or unwilling to undergo invasive surgery, Contact X-ray Brachytherapy (CXB) boost and external beam (chemo)radiotherapy [EB(C)RT] can be used as an alternative option to reduce recurrence risk.

Methods: This study reports on patients who received post excision CXB with EB(C)RT between 2003 and 2020.

Non-linear Mendelian randomization: evaluation of effect modification in the residual and doubly-ranked methods with simulated and empirical examples.

Non-linear Mendelian randomisation (NLMR) is a relatively recently developed approach to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome where this is expected to be non-linear. Two commonly used techniques-based on stratifying the exposure and performing Mendelian randomisation (MR) within each strata-are the residual and doubly-ranked methods. The residual method is known to be biased in the presence of genetic effect heterogeneity-where the effect of the genotype on the exposure varies between individuals.

Colorectal cancer mortality is associated with low selenoprotein P status at diagnosis.

Selenium (Se) deficiency, affecting hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide, is linked to increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), yet tumors paradoxically accumulate Se to evade ferroptosis and promote metastasis. Therefore, understanding the prognostic impact of Se status at diagnosis is crucial to consider and enable personalized interventions. Four Se markers, namely total-Se, the circulating selenoproteins GPx3 and SELENOP, and autoantibodies to SELENOP, were analyzed in participants of the ongoing Colorectal Cancer Study of Austria (CORSA).

Cost and Challenges of Clinical Competency Committees and Milestones Assessment.

Background: Several challenges regarding Clinical Competency Committee (CCC) processes have been previously reported. Few studies have addressed the cost of assessment in healthcare professional education. This study aimed to assess the time spent on and the cost of CCC processes, and faculty perception of the Milestones assessment in three residency programs.

Reducing Adverse Drug Reactions for Older People in the Community: Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of the ADRe Profile.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly in the context of polypharmacy, remain a persistent, unresolved problem for patients and healthcare professionals. The ADRe Profile identifies medicine-related harms, and supports their resolution, thereby improving care quality and preventing future problems. The objective of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the ADRe Profile (https://www.

The exposome and pancreatic cancer, lifestyle and environmental risk factors for PDAC.

Pancreatic cancer (PC), particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is a significant global health issue with high mortality rates. PDAC, though only 3 % of cancer diagnoses, causes 7 % of cancer deaths due to its severity and asymptomatic early stages. Risk factors include lifestyle choices, environmental exposures, and genetic predispositions.

Patient-Reported Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life After Contact X-Ray Brachytherapy (CXB) in Organ-Preserving Management of Rectal Cancer.

With recent advancements in rectal cancer management leading to longer patient survival, the impact of various treatment approaches on patients' quality of life (QOL) becomes an important focus of attention. While QOL studies exist for watch-and-wait after (chemo)radiation with/without local excision, data on health-related QOL (HRQOL) outcomes after contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) remain limited. This study evaluated functional and HRQOL outcomes in rectal cancer patients undergoing CXB and (chemo)radiation over one year.

Bringing reproductive, pelvic and breast health to light: insights from the Health of Elite Retired Australian female athletes survey (HER-Aus).

Objectives: To describe the reproductive, pelvic and breast health of retired elite Australian female athletes.

Methods: Data were collected as part of a larger online cross-sectional survey that was cocreated with female athletes and disseminated to Australian retired elite (international-level and national-level) female athletes aged ≥18 years old and retired from elite competition ≥2 years.

Results: 199 retired female athletes (mean (SD) age 44 (10) years; retired for 16 (9) years; competed for 10 (5) years) across 31 different sports responded to the survey.

Association between sleep duration and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study.

Background: Obesity is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and negatively impacts diabetes outcomes. While studies in the general population have established a link between sleep duration and obesity, this relationship in T2D remains unclear.

Objectives: To assess the association between sleep duration and adiposity in patients with T2D.

Economic Impact of Elranatamab for Treatment of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: To estimate the budget impact of adding elranatamab to the US formulary to treat adults with RRMM who have received ≥4 prior lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory drug, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, and to assess the total cost of care and cost per month of progression-free survival (PFS) between elranatamab and available treatments.

Methods: An economic model was developed to assess the budget impact of elranatamab in a one-million-member US commercial and Medicare health plan. Epidemiology data was obtained from the SEER database and a large US real-world study.

Involving young people in research investigating comorbidity associated with childhood-onset rheumatic disease: perspectives of a series of focus groups.

Background: Childhood-onset rheumatic diseases, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, juvenile-onset lupus and juvenile dermatomyositis, appear to be associated with an increased risk of comorbidities in adulthood compared to the general population. For the first stage of a research project evaluating this topic, we wanted to capture views from young people with juvenile-onset rheumatic disease to ensure that further work was relevant to their lived experience and priorities. This study aimed to determine (i) which comorbidities young people identify as important, (ii) how they access information about their disease, including comorbidity risk, whether (iii) they would like to hear about the risk of comorbidities whilst they are under paediatric care, and (iv) would be motivated to make lifestyle choices to decrease the risk of potential comorbidities.