Estimating the population need for preexposure prophylaxis for HIV in the United States.

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in preventing HIV infections and is recommended for people without HIV who are at ongoing risk of HIV acquisition. In 2019, the U.S.

Low HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Coverage Among Women: Focused, Innovative Strategies Can Increase Use-United States, 2017-2023.

HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use has increased since its US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2012. Our objective was to describe trends in PrEP use by US women. Using national pharmacy and HIV surveillance data, we calculated the PrEP-to-diagnosis ratio (PDR), a measure of PrEP prescriptions each year compared with HIV diagnoses the previous year, for women from 2017 to 2023.

Trends in HIV preexposure prophylaxis use before and after launch of the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. initiative, 2016-2023.

Introduction: The Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) initiative was launched by the U.

CDC Prioritizes HIV Prevention and Treatment to Reduce HIV Disparities Among Cis-Gender Black Women.

To succeed in ending the HIV epidemic in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) focuses on delivering combinations of scientifically proven, cost-effective, and scalable interventions to priority populations. Systemic factors continue to contribute to persistent health disparities and disproportionately higher rates of HIV diagnosis in some communities. The National HIV/AIDS Strategy has designated cis-gender Black women (CgBW) as a priority population to address the racial and ethnic inequities in HIV.

Findings from the First Year of a Federally Funded, Direct-to-Consumer HIV Self-Test Distribution Program - United States, March 2023-March 2024.

In September 2022, CDC funded a nationwide program, Together TakeMeHome (TTMH), to expand distribution of HIV self-tests (HIVSTs) directly to consumers by mail through an online ordering portal. To publicize the availability of HIVSTs to priority audiences, particularly those disproportionately affected by HIV, CDC promoted this program through established partnerships and tailored resources from its Let's Stop HIV Together social marketing campaign. The online portal launched March 14, 2023, and through March 13, 2024, distributed 443,813 tests to 219,360 persons.

The Cooperative Re-Engagement Controlled Trial (CoRECT): Durable Viral Suppression Assessment.

Background: A collaborative, data-to-care strategy to identify persons with HIV (PWH) newly out-of-care, combined with an active public health intervention, significantly increases the proportion of PWH re-engaged in HIV care. We assessed this strategy's impact on durable viral suppression (DVS).

Methods: A multisite, prospective randomized controlled trial for out-of-care individuals using a data-to-care strategy and comparing public health field services to locate, contact, and facilitate access to care versus the standard of care.

An estimate of excess deaths among people with HIV during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the United States, 2020.

We developed an ad hoc method to estimate the number of excess deaths among persons with HIV (PWH) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. Using this method, we estimated approximately 1448 excess deaths from COVID-19 among PWH in 2020 in the United States. We also developed an Excel workbook for use as a tool to quickly assess excess deaths among PWH in settings with limited surveillance data.

Costs and cost-effectiveness of a collaborative data-to-care intervention for HIV treatment and care in the United States.

Introduction: Data-to-care programmes utilize surveillance data to identify persons who are out of HIV care, re-engage them in care and improve HIV care outcomes. We assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of re-engagement in an HIV care intervention in the United States.

Methods: The Cooperative Re-engagement Control Trial (CoRECT) employed a data-to-care collaborative model between health departments and HIV care providers, August 2016-July 2018.

Cisgender women with HIV in the United States: how have HIV care continuum outcomes changed over time? 2015-2020.

Objective: To evaluate HIV care continuum trends over time among women with HIV (WWH).

Design: The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a complex sample survey of adults with diagnosed HIV in the United States.

Methods: We used 2015-2019 MMP data collected from 5139 adults with diagnosed HIV infection who identified as cisgender women.

Receipt of Baseline Laboratory Testing Recommended by the HIV Medicine Association for People Initiating HIV Care, United States, 2015-2019.

Background: The HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Disease Society of America publishes Primary Care Guidance for Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. We assessed receipt of recommended baseline tests among newly diagnosed patients initiating HIV care.

Methods: The Medical Monitoring Project is a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention survey designed to produce nationally representative estimates of behavioral and clinical characteristics of adults with diagnosed HIV in the United States.

Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on prescriptions for antiretroviral drugs for HIV treatment in the United States, 2019-2021.

Objective: To assess disruption in healthcare services for HIV treatment by national emergency in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States.

Design: Time-series analysis.

Methods: We analyzed the IQVIA Real World Data-Longitudinal Prescriptions Database and calculated time trends in the weekly number of persons with active antiretroviral prescriptions for HIV treatment, and of persons who obtained antiretroviral prescriptions during January 2017-March 2021.

Response to a Large HIV Outbreak, Cabell County, West Virginia, 2018-2019.

Introduction: In January 2019, the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health detected increased HIV diagnoses among people who inject drugs in Cabell County. Responding to HIV clusters and outbreaks is 1 of the 4 pillars of the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S.

The Cooperative Re-Engagement Controlled trial (CoRECT): A randomised trial to assess a collaborative data to care model to improve HIV care continuum outcomes.

Background: Persons with HIV (PWH), aware of their HIV infection but not in care account for an estimated 42.6% of HIV transmissions in the United States. Health departments and clinics implemented a collaborative data-to-care strategy to identify persons newly out-of-care with the objective of increasing re-engagement, retention in medical care, and viral load suppression.

Cross-sectional study of changes in physical activity behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic among US adults.

Background: Physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns exist that PA levels may have decreased during the pandemic thus exacerbating health disparities. This study aims to determine changes in and locations for PA and reasons for decreased PA during the pandemic.

Engagement in care promotes durable viral suppression among persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection.

We characterize the association between engagement in care and durable viral suppression among persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection. Persons newly diagnosed with HIV with unsuppressed viral loads when they initiated care at one of six HIV clinics in the US were observed for up to 24 months. We describe the percentage who achieved durable viral suppression and number of days to achieve durable viral suppression.

Characteristics and Risk Factors of Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Patients, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, March-April 2020.

We compared the characteristics of hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients who had coronavirus disease in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. We found that risk for hospitalization increased with a patient's age and number of concurrent conditions. We also found a potential association between hospitalization and high hemoglobin A1c levels in persons with diabetes.

Expansion of Preexposure Prophylaxis Capacity in Response to an HIV Outbreak Among People Who Inject Drugs-Cabell County, West Virginia, 2019.

From January 1, 2018, through October 9, 2019, 82 HIV diagnoses occurred among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Cabell County, West Virginia. Increasing the use of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among PWID was one of the goals of a joint federal, state, and local response to this HIV outbreak. Through partnerships with the local health department, a federally qualified health center, and an academic medical system, we integrated PrEP into medication-assisted treatment, syringe services program, and primary health care settings.

COVID-19 Clinical Phenotypes: Presentation and Temporal Progression of Disease in a Cohort of Hospitalized Adults in Georgia, United States.

Background: The epidemiological features and outcomes of hospitalized adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been described; however, the temporal progression and medical complications of disease among hospitalized patients require further study. Detailed descriptions of the natural history of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients are paramount to optimize health care resource utilization, and the detection of different clinical phenotypes may allow tailored clinical management strategies.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 305 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in 8 academic and community hospitals.

Racial/Ethnic and Income Disparities in the Prevalence of Comorbidities that Are Associated With Risk for Severe COVID-19 Among Adults Receiving HIV Care, United States, 2014-2019.

Background: Health inequities among people with HIV may be compounded by disparities in the prevalence of comorbidities associated with an increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19.

Setting: Complex sample survey designed to produce nationally representative estimates of behavioral and clinical characteristics of adults with diagnosed HIV in the United States.

Methods: We estimated the prevalence of having ≥1 diagnosed comorbidity associated with severe illness from COVID-19 and prevalence differences (PDs) by race/ethnicity, income level, and type of health insurance.

Health Center Testing for SARS-CoV-2 During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, June 5-October 2, 2020.

Long-standing social inequities and health disparities have resulted in increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, severe illness, and death among racial and ethnic minority populations. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Health Center Program supports nearly 1,400 health centers that provide comprehensive primary health care* to approximately 30 million patients in 13,000 service sites across the United States. In 2019, 63% of HRSA health center patients who reported race and ethnicity identified as members of racial ethnic minority populations (1).