PCB-based Miniature Vibro-Tactile Display for the Visually Impaired.

Current Braille readers are costly, limited to one or two rows of text, and there are no affordable tactile displays for images. To address this, we have developed a low-cost, electronically refreshable vibrotactile display prototype inspired by capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUT). The design utilizes a printed circuit board (PCB) as the substrate and bottom electrode array, combined with a metalized Kapton film as the vibrating membrane and punched foam tape as a spacer.

The Skincubator: A Novel Incubator for Skin-to-Skin Care (SSC) of Premature Neonates, Enables SSC within Humidified Environment and may Improve Thermoregulation during SSC.

Objective:  This study aimed to assess thermoregulation and humidity within the Skincubator-a novel, wearable skin-to-skin incubator designed to attach to the caregiver.

Study Design:  Preterm neonates (PN; born between 24 and 33 weeks gestational age [GA]) received skin-to-skin care (SSC) either via the Skincubator or traditional SSC (t-SSC) with continuous axillary temperature monitoring.

Results:  Twenty PN were enrolled in the study and treated in the Skincubator.

Variability in Practice and Implementation of Oxygen Target Saturation Policies in United States' Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Objective:  This study aimed to describe target oxygen saturation (SpO) ranges used for premature infants in United States' neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and to describe if these target SpO ranges have changed in recent years.

Study Design:  A 29-question survey focused on target SpO practices and policies was distributed via the NICU medical directors listservs for the American Academy of Pediatrics Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine and Pediatrix Medical Group between August and October of 2021. Results were collected via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap).

Couplet Care-The Next Frontier of Care in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit.

Couplet care of mother and newborn intensive care unit (NICU) baby in the same room is a new, rapidly evolving option for the care of NICU babies. This change has structural and operational challenges that require careful planning but its successful implementation is likely to drive enhanced family participation in the care of their baby throughout the NICU stay as well as improve collaboration between obstetric and neonatal providers.

Reimagining the NICU: a human-centered design approach to healthcare innovation.

Design charettes have been utilized in architectural and design practice to generate innovative ideas. The Reimagining Workshop is a version that combines practical and blue-sky thinking to improve healthcare facility design. The workshop engages diverse stakeholders who follow a human-centered design framework.

A pivotal moment in the evolution of neonatal care.

While extraordinary advances have been made in the medical care of critically ill newborns, understanding the need of even the smallest of these infants for early, extensive, intimate human contact and facilitating the family's role in the care of their baby has been much slower and inconsistent. There is abundant evidence for the essential role of nurturing parent-infant connections (bonding/attachment) for development of optimal physical, cognitive, and emotional health of all babies. It is time to leave behind the tradition of sensory deprivation and social isolation common in the care of high-risk infants.

Impact of restrictions on parental presence in neonatal intensive care units related to coronavirus disease 2019.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between the emergence of COVID-19 and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) family presence as well as how NICU design affects these changes.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey from April 21 to 30, 2020. We queried sites regarding NICU demographics, NICU restrictions on parental presence, and changes in ancillary staff availability.

Recommended standards for newborn ICU design, 9th edition.

The environment of care has a lasting impact on the patients, families, and caregivers who experience it. A newborn intensive care unit (NICU) is typically in use for 10-30 years, over which time decisions made during its design will have human and financial impacts far beyond the initial cost. Good planning is crucial, yet most participants in the planning process have little experience designing a NICU and may be driven as much by what they do not like in their existing NICU as by the evidence and experience reported by others.

Sex Differences in Binge-Like and Aversion-Resistant Alcohol Drinking in C57BL/6J Mice.

Background: Alcohol use disorder is characterized by compulsive alcohol intake, or drinking despite negative consequences. Previous studies have shown that female rodents have a heightened vulnerability to drug use across different stages of the addictive cycle, but no previous studies have studied females in a model of aversion-resistant alcohol intake. Here, we investigated sex differences in binge-like and aversion-resistant alcohol drinking in C57BL/6J mice using a modified drinking-in-the-dark (DID) paradigm.

Improved Outcomes in Preterm Infants Fed a Nonacidified Liquid Human Milk Fortifier: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare growth, feeding tolerance, and clinical and biochemical evaluations in human milk-fed preterm infants randomized to receive either an acidified or a nonacidified liquid human milk fortifier.

Study Design: This prospective, controlled, parallel, multicenter growth and tolerance study included 164 preterm infants (≤32 weeks of gestation, birth weight 700-1500 g) who were randomized to acidified or nonacidified liquid human milk fortifier from study day 1, the first day of fortification, through study day 29 or until hospital discharge.

Results: There was no difference in the primary outcome of weight gain from study days 1 to 29 (acidified liquid human milk fortifier, 16.

The impact of altitude on screening for critical congenital heart disease.

Objectives: The objectives were to determine the frequency with which pulse oximetry identifies critical congenital heart defects in asymptomatic full-term and late preterm newborns using the AAP expert panel algorithm in a variety of different hospital settings and to evaluate the impact of altitude on the rate of positive screens.

Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical study of implementation of a newborn pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart disease in 34 independent hospitals. Infants were eligible for enrollment if their gestational age was 35-44 weeks.

Circadian Variation of Breast Milk Components and Implications for Care.

Several components of breast milk show circadian variability. It is likely that at least some of these macronutrients, hormones, and micronutrients produce circadian stimuli that enhance the well-being of breast-fed infants. Future research should determine whether high-risk infants benefit if breast milk is given during the same circadian phase as it was expressed.

Effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on candidiasis and mortality in premature infants: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Invasive candidiasis in premature infants causes death and neurodevelopmental impairment. Fluconazole prophylaxis reduces candidiasis, but its effect on mortality and the safety of fluconazole are unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluconazole in preventing death or invasive candidiasis in extremely low-birth-weight infants.