Cranial shape during early neonatal period in Japanese newborns: Observational study.

This study aimed to investigate whether cranial shape measurements obtained immediately after birth can be used to determine the timeline and mechanisms underlying the development and progression of cranial deformities in healthy infants. This study examined the cranial geometry of normal newborns immediately after birth at Nihon University Itabashi Hospital and Kasukabe Medical Center. Measurements were obtained using stereophotogrammetry and 3-dimensional cranial data were analyzed using image analysis software.

A Novel Prophylactic Device Against Head Deformity to Prevent Severe Positional Plagiocephaly.

: Preventing head deformity in the early postnatal period could avert positional plagiocephaly (PP). Accordingly, we developed a novel prophylactic device to prevent head deformity and examined its impact on the incidence of PP and prevention of severe PP at 3 months of age. : The newly developed prophylactic device was used immediately after birth or at the 1-month checkup, and cranial shape was measured before device application and at 3 months of age.

Natural Progression of Cranial Shape Following Helmet Therapy for Deformational Plagiocephaly.

This study aimed to examine the natural progression of the cranial shape from the end of helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly to 1 year of age. This study included infants with moderate to severe deformational plagiocephaly who began treatment at our department between December 2022 and July 2023. The cranial shape was assessed using a 3D scanner (VECTRAH2) at the start of treatment, end of treatment, and 12 months of age.

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Novel Cranial Remolding Helmet (baby band2) for Positional Plagiocephaly: A Multicenter Clinical Observational Study.

This multicenter study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a novel cranial remolding helmet (baby band2), which is completely custom-made based on the shape of an infant's cranium. The study included 224 full-term infants from moderate to very severe positional plagiocephaly in Japan. Cranial geometry was assessed before and after helmet therapy using a three-dimensional scanner, and changes in the cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) were analyzed.

Structural alterations in the amygdala and impaired social incentive learning in a mouse model of a genetic variant associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Copy number variants (CNVs) are robustly associated with psychiatric disorders and their dimensions and changes in brain structures and behavior. However, as CNVs contain many genes, the precise gene-phenotype relationship remains unclear. Although various volumetric alterations in the brains of 22q11.

Cranial Shape Measurements Obtained Using a Caliper and Elastic Bands Are Useful for Brachycephaly and Deformational Plagiocephaly Screening.

We assessed a method for screening the cranial shape of 1-month-old infants using a simple measuring instrument instead of a three-dimensional scanner. The Mimos craniometer was used to measure cranial length, cranial width, and two diagonal lengths to calculate the cranial index (CI) and cranial asymmetry (CA). We defined a CI > 90% as brachycephaly and CA > 5 mm as deformational plagiocephaly (DP).

Denominator of Cranial Vault Asymmetry Index: Choosing Between Longer and Shorter Diagonal Lengths.

Since it was proposed in this journal in 2001, the cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) has been an important parameter for assessing cranial shape. However, different publications currently use different variables in the denominator of the CVAI formula. We thus investigated the use of long and short diagonal lengths as variables in the denominator of the CVAI formula.

Evaluating Cranial Growth in Japanese Infants Using a Three-dimensional Scanner: Relationship between Growth-related Parameters and Deformational Plagiocephaly.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in the cranial shape of healthy Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner and construct a normal values database for the growth process. Preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks), infants with neonatal asphyxia (5-minute Apgar score of <7), and patients who started helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly were excluded from this study. The first scan was performed at approximately 1 month of age, followed by two scans conducted at 3 and 6 months of age.

Cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a three-dimensional scanner.

Background: Recently, cranial shape measurements of preterm infants have been performed using handheld three-dimensional (3D) scanners and can now be objectively quantified.

Aims: To measure the cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a 3D scanner, compare these values with those of healthy term infants, and examine the risk factors for dolichocephaly.

Study Design: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Three-Dimensional versus Two-Dimensional Evaluations of Cranial Asymmetry in Deformational Plagiocephaly Using a Three-Dimensional Scanner.

This study aimed to assess the measurement precision of a three-dimensional (3D) scanner that detects the geometric shape as surface data and to investigate the differences between two-dimensional (2D) and 3D evaluations in infants with deformational plagiocephaly. Using the 3D scanner that can perform both 2D and 3D evaluations, we calculated cranial asymmetry (CA) for the 2D evaluation, and the anterior symmetry ratio (ASR) and posterior symmetry ratio (PSR) for the 3D evaluation. Intra- and inter-examiner precision analyses revealed that the coefficients of the variation measurements were extremely low (<1%) for all variables, except CA (5%).

Cranial Shape in Infants Aged One Month Can Predict the Severity of Deformational Plagiocephaly at the Age of Six Months.

In this study, we aimed to monitor changes in cranial shape using three-dimensional (3D) scanning to determine whether the severity of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) at the age of 6 months could be predicted at the age of 1 month. The cranial shape was measured at the ages of 1, 3, and 6 months (T1, T2, and T3, respectively) in 92 infants. We excluded those who received helmet treatment before T3.

Reference Values for Cranial Morphology Based on Three-dimensional Scan Analysis in 1-month-old Healthy Infants in Japan.

Currently, molded helmet therapy is used to treat infants with deformational plagiocephaly. However, the indices of normal cranial shape remain unclear, and thus, the prevalence of deformational plagiocephaly is unknown, particularly in Japan. We investigated the reference values for cranial morphological characteristics in 1-month-old Japanese infants using a three-dimensional scanner, to determine the prevalence of deformational plagiocephaly.

Correction: Orita et al. Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Terpolymer from Methanol via the Reverse β-Oxidation Pathway in the Presence of Lanthanide. 2022, , 184.

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Methotrexate mediates the integrity of intestinal stem cells partly through nitric oxide-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling in methotrexate-induced rat ileal mucositis.

This study aimed to elucidate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal stem cells in methotrexate-induced ileal mucositis in rats. Methotrexate induced the mRNA expressions of the Wnt/β-catenin target genes Wnt3a, Sox9, and Lgr5 and the Wnt-antagonist gene sFRP-1 and the protein expressions of Lgr5 and sFRP-1. Methotrexate also induced Lgr5+ cells and lysozyme+ cells.

Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Terpolymer from Methanol via the Reverse β-Oxidation Pathway in the Presence of Lanthanide.

AM1 is the attractive platform for the production of value-added products from methanol. We previously demonstrated that equipped with PHA synthase with broad substrate specificity synthesized polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) composed of ()-3-hydroxybutyrate and small fraction of ()-3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) and ()-3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) units on methanol. This study further engineered for biosynthesis of PHAs with higher 3HV and 3HHx composition focusing on the EMC pathway involved in C assimilation.

Natural-Course Evaluation of Infants with Positional Severe Plagiocephaly Using a Three-Dimensional Scanner in Japan: Comparison with Those Who Received Cranial Helmet Therapy.

This study aimed to clarify the natural course of positional plagiocephaly using a three-dimensional (3D) scanner and investigate the effectiveness of cranial helmet therapy (CHT). One hundred infants with severe plagiocephaly who visited our institutions between April 2020 and March 2021 were included. Cranial shape was measured using an Artec Eva 3D scanner.

Coexistence of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Type 4 and Narcolepsy: A Case Report.

Spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4) is the most common type of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) caused by the mutations in the gene, which encodes a microtubule-severing protein named spastin. Spastin regulates the number and mobility of microtubules and is essential for axonal outgrowth and neuronal morphogenesis. Herein, we report a patient with SPG4 harboring a novel donor splice site mutation in the gene (c.

Maternal approach behaviors toward neonatal calls are impaired by mother's experiences of raising pups with a risk gene variant for autism.

How the intrinsic sequence structure of neonatal mouse pup ultrasonic vocalization (USV) and maternal experiences determine maternal behaviors in mice is poorly understood. Our previous work showed that pups with a Tbx1 heterozygous (HT) mutation, a genetic risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), emit altered call sequences that do not induce maternal approach behaviors in C57BL6/J mothers. Here, we tested how maternal approach behaviors induced by wild-type and HT USVs are influenced by the mother's experience in raising pups of these two genotypes.

Accumulative scFv-Fc antibody gene integration into the hprt chromosomal locus of Chinese hamster ovary cells.

We have previously developed an accumulative site-specific gene integration system (AGIS) using Cre-recombinase and mutated loxP sites. AGIS enables repeated transgene integration into a predetermined chromosomal site in mammalian cells. However, the process of establishing cells with multiple integrated copies of the transgene is still time-consuming.

The heavy analogue of CpLi: lithium 1,2-disila-3-germacyclopentadienide, a 6pi-electron aromatic system.

Lithium 1,2-disila-3-germacyclopentadienide 2-.Li+ was synthesized by the reduction of 1,2-disila-3-germacyclopenta-2,4-diene 1 with potassium graphite followed by treatment with an excess amount of LiBr. The X-ray analysis of 2-.