Mucormycosis and Hearing: A Hospital-Based Study.

 Mucormycosis, a fungal infection with severe consequences, gained prominence during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While significant efforts were made to understand the systemic implications of mucormycosis, its effect on the auditory system remains unexplored.  This study aimed to investigate the auditory implications of mucormycosis through a comprehensive case-control study focusing on hearing loss and middle ear dysfunction.

Clinico-Radiological Correlation in Chronic Otitis Media (COM) Squamous Type: emphasizing the Critical Role of High-Resolution CT (HRCT) of the Temporal Bone for Surgical Navigation.

Using HRCT Temporal bone in all cases of COM Squamous type, would act as a guide map and would lead to a better outcome for the patient as removal of the disease without preoperative high resolution radiological evaluation could lead to the destruction of various vital structures situated in and around the temporal bone. In earlier days HRCT temporal bone was not indicated in all cases of COM Squamous type, it was considered only in cases of complications, recurrence and pediatric population. This study compares the intraoperative findings in COM Squamous type cases with that of HRCT Temporal Bone, in all cases of COM Squamous disease before surgery to emphasize the importance of doing HRCT temporal bone prior to every case of COM Squamous type.

Survival and quality-of-life in mucormycosis: a multicentric ambispective cohort study.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate long-term survival and identify predictors of mortality among patients hospitalized with mucormycosis.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre cohort study included patients hospitalized for mucormycosis across 26 sites in India from March to July 2021. Follow-up data were collected at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month intervals post-discharge through telephonic or in-person interviews with patients or caregivers.

Arora-Nagarkar Prognostic Classification for Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis: A Novel Prognostic Classification System.

A Retroprospective observational study was conducted on Covid-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) patients who underwent surgery at our institute. A total of 175 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in our study The study aimed to correlate the Overall survival and disease-specific survival rates with sites of involvement in patients with Covid Associated Mucormycosis and develop a novel prognostic classification of Mucormycosis. At the end of 24 months, the overall survival rate was 73.

Role of the FDG PET CT Scan in Pretreatment Evaluation of Oral Carcinomas.

Pre-treatment role of FDG PET CT scan to evaluate- the extent of the primary lesion, nodal staging and distant metastasis in oral carcinoma in various TNM stages. Additionally, our study investigated the Correlation between SUVmax values on FDG-PET CT scans and histopathological proven positive nodes in patients undergoing surgery. In this study, all suspected cases of oral carcinoma in adults who visited the ENT clinic were examined and evaluated using various methods, including clinical examination, cytology, histopathology, and imaging tests like CECT scans, ultrasound, and CEMRI.

Prognostic Effectiveness of PD-L1 Tumoral Expression in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

PD-L1 is a glycoprotein present on antigen-presenting cells and malignant cells and activates the PD-L1 receptor on cells surfaces, leading to T-cell anergy and death. The objective of this study was to assess PD-L1 tumoral expression in 50 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, define its prognostic value, and investigate its association with 2-year overall survival, locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, and a number of other clinicopathological parameters. In a 24-month prospective observational study, involving 50 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients, PD-L1 tumoral expression was evaluated using semiquantitative immunohistochemistry analysis by an experienced pathologist.

The COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis with Cutaneous Involvement.

Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a rise in the number of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) patients was reported globally. Cutaneous mucormycosis is the third most common presentation of mucormycosis.

Versatility of Islanded Nasolabial Flap Based on Facial Artery and Vein for Reconstruction of Oral Cancer Defects, Experience in a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Conventional nasolabial flap has been widely used for reconstruction for head and neck defects. Recent decades witnessed modification of this flap like islanded version based on subcutaneous pedicle or facial artery and vein. The later modification obviated a need for pedicle division, secondary procedures and facilitates reach of the flap to distant sites.

Trotter Procedure with Harmonic Scalpel : A Unique Approach to Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Tongue Base Revisited.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a malignant locally invasive tumour of salivary glands, presumed to arise from reserve cells of salivary gland ducts. It accounts approximately 35% of all malignancies of major and minor salivary glands [1]. MEC arising in minor salivary glands can be located in different areas such as palate, retromolar trigone, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, lips and tongue.

Atypical Presentation of Acute Suppurative Otitis Media with Facial Palsy: Extra Medullary Manifestation of AML in Temporal Bone.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia observed in the adult population, accounting for 80% of all leukemia cases. Extramedullary involvement in AML, where leukemic cells are found in organs or tissues outside the blood or bone marrow, is a rare occurrence [1]. The most frequent sites of extramedullary disease include the skin, central nervous system (CNS), and lymph nodes [2, 3].

Misconducts in research and methods to uphold research integrity.

Research misconduct refers to deliberate or accidental manipulation or misrepresentation of research data, findings, or processes. It can take many forms, such as fabricating data, plagiarism, or failing to disclose conflicts of interest. Data falsification is a serious problem in the field of medical research, as it can lead to the promotion of false or misleading information.

Tamarind Seeds in Tracheobronchial Tree: Challenges during Rigid Bronchoscopy.

Background: Tamarind seed aspiration is not frequent in children and is usually observed in kids from rural backgrounds, with easy access to tamarind fruits and their by-products.

Materials And Methods: We report a retrospective review of five patients managed in the pediatric surgery department for tamarind seed aspiration into the tracheobronchial tree. The data were analyzed based on age, clinical presentation, bronchoscopic observations, and the challenges faced during the rigid bronchoscopic retrieval and postoperative course.

Comparing the Clinical Orientation Benefits of Endoscopic demonstration on the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and Skull Base Versus Cadaveric Dissection for First-Year Medical Undergraduates.

The study aims to evaluate the advantages of using endoscopic demonstrations to teach nose, paranasal sinuses, and skull base anatomy compared to traditional cadaveric demonstrations. Traditional dissection methods do not provide an accurate representation of in vivo visualization of these anatomical areas. The goal is to align the teaching approach with the perspective students will have during clinical practice for better clinical orientation.

Intraoperative ossicular chain status in patients with chronic otits media.

Unlabelled: Chronic otitis media (COM) poses a significant global health burden, contributing to ear discharge and preventable hearing loss. This study aimed to evaluate the ossicular status in COM patients undergoing surgery and correlate the findings with preoperative otoscopic and audiogram assessments. The primary focus was to discern differences in ossicular involvement between squamous and mucosal diseases, shedding light on distinct pathologies crucial for tailoring surgical interventions.

Assessing specific items of Indian VSMS: Perspective of medical and rehabilitation professionals.

Background: Adaptive behavior plays a crucial role in daily functioning, involving a complex interplay between individuals and their environment. In India, the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) has been the preferred assessment tool for measuring adaptive behaviors, despite its age of over 85 years. However, periodic evaluation is necessary to ensure its continued relevance.

Audiological Evaluation of Leprosy Patients in an Endemic Area of Central India: A Case-Control Pilot Study.

Unlabelled: There are discrepancies in the literature about the specific influence of leprosy on auditory functions. In routine clinical practice regular hearing screening of leprosy patients is not done. Due to conflicting reports of auditory system involvement in the literature, we conducted this case control study to evaluate the need of regular hearing screening in leprosy patients.

Endoscopic Sellar Defect Reconstruction with Avascular Modified Gasket Seal Technique for Sellar Tumors.

Watertight repair of the skull base defect is necessary during endonasal skull base surgery to avoid postoperative CSF leak (poCSFl) and consequent intracranial complications. Various techniques have been described for reconstructing sphenoid-sellar defects with varying success rates. We have described the immediate and long-term outcomes following the reconstruction of sphenoid-sellar defects with our technique.

Covid-Associated Mucormycosis in a Case of Wegener's Granulomatosis: A Management Challenge.

A Gentleman in his 40s presented to us with left-sided hemifacial pain and nasal discharge for the last three days. He has been on immunosuppressive therapy for Wegener's Granulomatosis for over five years. Crusting was seen in the Left middle meatus upon clinical examination.

The Usefulness of Cadaveric Hands-on Workshop for Surgical Training in Head and Neck Surgeries.

Unlabelled: Surgical approach to head and neck region requires in depth anatomical knowledge and refined surgical skills due to highly critical and complex anatomy of this region. To look for the benefit of cadaveric hands-on workshop on enhancing the surgical knowledge and confidence of the participants. Freshly frozen cadavers were used for this hands-on course in the department of Anatomy, AIIMS Raipur involving 32 residents and ENT specialists.

NLP AI Models for Optimizing Medical Research: Demystifying the Concerns.

Natural language processing (NLP) AI models have gained popularity in research; however, ethical considerations are necessary to avoid potential negative consequences. This paper identifies and explores the key areas of ethical concern for researchers using NLP AI models, such as bias in training data and algorithms, plagiarism, data privacy, accuracy of generated content, prompt and content generation, and training data quality. To mitigate bias, researchers should use diverse training data and regularly evaluate models for potential biases.

Standardizing the Head and Neck Cancer Treatment and Research.

Head and neck cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach, with standardized care being essential for consistent, high-quality treatment. Standardization involves evidence-based guidelines and protocols, and collaboration is necessary for research and improving outcomes. However, collaboration can be challenging due to various barriers.

Emergency Tracheostomy in Locally Advanced Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Over 30% of cases may present with acute airway obstruction due to anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). In such situations, performing an emergency tracheostomy may be mandatory to save the life. A retrospective, single-centre study at our centre was conducted between 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2022.

Observational Learning in Surgical Skill Development.

Observation plays a key role in the development of surgical skills, as it allows trainees to learn from experts and improve their performance through trial-and-error practice. This process, known as motor learning, involves the creation of new neural pathways that enable precise control of surgical instruments through hand movements. In recent years, there has been a shift towards minimally invasive surgery, which requires surgeons to continually learn new motor skills to control specialized instrumentation.

Brief intervention to enhance cessation of smokeless tobacco use in newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers: A randomized controlled trial in patient-relative dyads.

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major causative factor for head and neck cancers (HNC). Continued use of tobacco even after cancer diagnosis is common and is associated with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, cancer recurrence and poor treatment response. Evidence suggests that behavioral interventions, help achieve greater smoking cessation rates in HNC patients.