Application of the Mass Spectrometry-High-Throughput Technique Over the Immunohistochemical Analysis for Human Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Prognosis: Insights Into Biomarkers' Identification for the Case Study of Grade IV Astrocytomas and Meningiomas.

Human brain tumors were commonly monitored in hospital/clinical laboratories by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique, which provides major insights into their classification. However, this technique remains laborious and still shows pitfalls. Therefore, the current study was endeavored to reveal the assets of the application of high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS) for medical diagnosis.

The Identification by Shotgun Proteomics with High-Resolution Tandem Mass-Spectrometry of Histone Isoforms' Hypermethylation Phenotype as a Hallmark Characteristic of Human-IDH-Mutant High-Grade Gliomas: Epigenetic Applications for Genotoxicity-Based Biomarkers and Cancer Therapy Targets.

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been linked to various pathological processes, especially in cancer onset, where they are envisaged as obvious diagnostic biomarkers and pivotal predictors for pathological prognosis. Consequently, their mapping and characterization constitute a critical field of study facilitated by recent advances in the high-throughput mass spectrometry technique. The current study aimed to clarify the neurotoxicity mechanisms at the epigenetic level induced by environmental stressors by examining their potential to induce aberrant histone methylation as it is the most involved modification in carcinogenesis.

Report of a missense TJP2 variant associated to PFIC4 with a pronounced phenotypic variability: Focus on the structural effects on the protein level.

PFIC4 is a chronic liver disease which cannot be diagnosed based on clinical and biochemical findings with an unpredictable evolution. Here, we reported three consanguineous families with 9 children suffering from intrahepatic cholestasis with low GGT-activity. Three probands were chosen to undergo genetic testing.

EBV-associated leiomyosarcoma in an immunocompromised child: A unique intracranial case with genomic study.

Introduction And Importance: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common virus infecting more than 90 % of the adult population, typically without symptoms. While most infections remain asymptomatic, EBV is associated with over 200,000 new cancer cases annually. It is linked to several malignancies, including leiomyosarcoma (LS) in immunocompromised patients, a rare occurrence with fewer than 100 new cases per year globally.

A Shotgun Proteomic-Based Approach with a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer for the Assessment of Pesticide Mixture-Induced Neurotoxicity on a 3D-Developed Neurospheroid Model from Human Brain Meningiomas: Identification of Trityl-Post-Translational Modification.

The widespread use of pesticides, particularly in combinations, has resulted in enhanced hazardous health effects. However, little is known about their molecular mechanism of interactions. The aim of this study was to assess the neurotoxicity effect of pesticides in mixtures by adopting a 3D in vitro developed neurospheroid model, followed by treatment by increased concentrations of pesticides for 24 h and analysis by a shotgun proteomic-based approach with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry.

Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung revealed by uncommon colonic metastasis: An exceptional case report with literature review.

Lung pleomorphic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive cancer that uncommonly metastasizes to the colon and only a few case reports have been published thus far. We present an exceptional case of colon metastasis from lung pleomorphic carcinoma in a 68-year-old man which was revealed by large bowel perforation, and we review the previous three published cases. Metastasis to the bowel from primary lung malignancy often lacks specific symptoms which result in delayed diagnosis.

Mixed Hepatocellular-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Mixed hepatocellular-neuroendocrine carcinoma (HCC-NEC) is a rare entity with a poor prognosis. We report a case of a 44-yearold Tunisian man who was admitted for diffuse abdominal pain. Body computed tomography showed multinodular hepatomegaly.

Clinical features and outcomes in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-negative, Castleman's disease: a single medical center study in Tunisia.

Introduction: Castleman's disease (CD), known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is an uncommon condition. The two most common histological subtypes are hyaline vascular and plasma cell. We performed a retrospective analysis to define the clinic-pathological features and survival of CD, which is quite rare focusing on the particularities of our series with a review of the recent literature.

Shotgun Proteomic-Based Approach with a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer for Protein Adductomics on a 3D Human Brain Tumor Neurospheroid Culture Model: The Identification of Adduct Formation in Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-2 and Annexin-A1 Induced by Pesticide Mixture.

Pesticides are increasingly used in combinations in crop protection, resulting in enhanced toxicities for various organisms. Although protein adductomics is challenging, it remains a powerful bioanalytical tool to check environmental exposure and characterize xenobiotic adducts as putative toxicity biomarkers with high accuracy, facilitated by recent advances in proteomic methodologies and a mass spectrometry high-throughput technique. The present study aims to predict the potential neurotoxicity effect of imidacloprid and λ-cyhalothrin insecticides on human neural cells.

Differential Proteome Profiling Analysis under Pesticide Stress by the Use of a Nano-UHPLC-MS/MS Untargeted Proteomic-Based Approach on a 3D-Developed Neurospheroid Model: Identification of Protein Interactions, Prognostic Biomarkers, and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Human IDH Mutant High-Grade Gliomas.

High-grade gliomas represent the most common group of infiltrative primary brain tumors in adults associated with high invasiveness, agressivity, and resistance to therapy, which highlights the need to develop potent drugs with novel mechanisms of action. The aim of this study is to reveal changes in proteome profiles under stressful conditions to identify prognostic biomarkers and altered apoptogenic pathways involved in the anticancer action of human isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant high-grade gliomas. Our protocol consists first of a 3D developing neurospheroid model and then treatment by a pesticide mixture at relevant concentrations.

Research of Pesticide Metabolites in Human Brain Tumor Tissues by Chemometrics-Based Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis for a Hypothetical Correlation between Pesticide Exposure and Risk Factor of Central Nervous System Tumors.

Pesticides are widely used, resulting in continuing human exposure with potential health impacts. Some exposures related to agricultural works have been associated with neurological disorders. Since the 2000s, the hypothesis of the role of pesticides in the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) tumors has been better documented in the literature.

Hypocholesterolemic effects of a polysaccharide isolated from Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) seeds in Wistar rat fed on a cholesterol-containing diet.

The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of polysaccharide (PS) isolated from Balangu Shirazi (Lallemantia royleana) seeds in vitro as well as on the hypercholesterolemic diet-induced liver and kidney injury in adult rats. PS was structurally characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared, which confirmed the presence of bands characteristic of polysaccharides. Functional properties of PS were investigated based on water solubility index, holding and emulsifying capacities.

Bioactivity of Methanolic Extract: Assessment of Its Effect on Methyl-Thiophanate Induced Bone and Blood Disorders.

This study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of a mineral and antioxidant-rich methanolic extract of the red marine alga (FRE) against methyl-thiophanate (MT)-induced toxicity in adult rats. The animals were allocated into four groups: controls, MT (300 mg/kg), MT + FRE, and FRE-treated group for 7 days. Our results demonstrated severe mineral perturbations due to MT treatment, especially in calcium and phosphorus levels in plasma, urine, and bone.

A Case of Intra-Amniotic Umbilical Vein Varices Misdiagnosed as an Omphalocele.

Intra-amniotic umbilical vein varices are characterized by a focal dilatation of the extra abdominal umbilical vein. We report a full-term baby female with extra-abdominal umbilical vein varices misdiagnosed clinically as an omphalocele. The umbilical vein was ligated and excised near the level of the liver.

Unilateral hyperpigmented lesion of the breast.

Muco-cutaneous melanosis is a benign entity with no progression. Although, dermoscopic features may help to differentiate melanosis from malignant pigmented diseases, histopathology remains crucial for the confirming of melanosis of the nipple and areola. Herein, we represent a new case of melanosis of the areola and we describe its clinico-pathological aspects.

Complete remission in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.

Bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unusual. Optimal treatment strategies are not well defined. The prognosis of this entity is very poor with a survival that does not exceed 1 year.

Spontaneous perforation of primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Primary gastric malignant lymphoma is a rare tumor. The complications associated with lymphoma are perforation, bleeding, or upper gastrointestinal stricture. While it is well known that perforations in gastric lymphoma often occurs during chemotherapy, spontaneous perforation is extremely rare in patients who did not receive chemotherapy.

The Prognostic Significance of CD10 Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinoma in Tunisian Patients.

Background: Breast cancer is the first female cancer worldwide. Its prognosis depends mainly on pathological stage and histological grade. These classical prognostic factors are essential but may be insufficient to predict the outcome of the disease.

Discordance in receptor status between primary and metastatic breast cancer and overall survival: A single-center analysis.

Background: The tumor phenotype may change between primary and metastatic breast cancer. We compared the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 in a series of primary breast carcinomas (PBC) with their metastatic relapses and analyzed the impact of any changes on survival.

Materials And Methods: It was a single-center retrospective study, collecting consecutive cases of metastatic breast carcinoma diagnosed in the pathology and medical oncology departments at Habib Bourguiba University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia.

Immunohistochemical Overexpression of Cyclin D1 in Tunisian Invasive Breast Carcinoma Women.

Background: Breast cancer represents the most frequent cancer and cause of death in women worldwide and in Tunisia. Cyclin D1 is a gene of cell cycle regulation. It represents a potential oncogene in invasive breast cancer; however; the results are conflicting.

Ectopic Cervical Thymic Hyperplasia In A Patient Treated For Hodgkin Lymphoma.

True thymic hyperplasia results from stressful situations such as chemotherapy. It commonly presents as an anterior mediastinal mass; cervical location is exceptional. Here we report a case of a cervical true thymic hyperplasia in a 12-year-old girl who had a Hodgkin lymphoma treated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Liver injury in COVID-19: pathological findings.

Hepatic injuries have been reported in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 infection, particularly in those with moderate to severe illness. To date, pathological changes caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in liver tissue are unclear. Moreover, the mechanisms involved in liver injury in Coronavirus disease 2019 infection are not yet established.

Laryngeal Myxoma: A rare localization.

Introduction: Myxomas are benign mesenchymal neoplasms which arise mainly in the heart. The laryngeal localization is very rare. We aim to describe the clinical, histological and therapeutic features of this condition.