Telemetric Assessment and Comparison of Regional Colonic Metabolic Activity in Ambulant Healthy Individuals Using pH and Gas-Sensing Wireless Motility Capsules.

Background: Ingestible wireless motility capsules enable locoregional quantification of luminal pH and concentrations of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the human colon.

Aim: To evaluate these measures in the colon of healthy adults.

Methods: Gas-sensing and pH-sensing wireless motility capsules were ingested tandemly and repeatedly over time.

Asia Pacific association of gastroenterology consensus statements on histopathological evaluation of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Background: Mucosal histological activity is increasingly valued as a treatment endpoint in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In the Asia Pacific region, the utility and acceptability of IBD histology as a treatment endpoint are uncertain due to the heterogeneity of IBD prevalence, resourcing and level of knowledge among practitioners. There is an opportunity to engage clinicians to harmonise histology reporting and collaborate with pathologists in this field.

The interconnection between dietary fibre, gut microbiome and psychological well-being.

This review highlights the importance of dietary fibres (DF) intake and its interconnection with the gut microbiome and psychological well-being, while also exploring the effects of existing DF interventions on these aspects in adults. The gut microbiota is a complex and diverse ecosystem in which microbial species interact, influencing the human host. DF are heterogeneous, requiring different microbial species to degrade the complex DF structures.

20-Year Mortality in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease from New Zealand.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can lead to mortality directly through severe disease or indirectly via increased risk of malignancy or infection. There are few studies of IBD mortality from the Southern Hemisphere, while new treatments have become available. We aimed to measure 20-year mortality from a population-based IBD cohort in Canterbury, New Zealand.

Compounding Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a 2024 Population-Based Study From Canterbury, New Zealand.

Background And Aim: The epidemiological patterns of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can give insights into disease etiology and health system burden. This study aimed to measure the population-based prevalence in Canterbury and consider the region's position within the 4-stage epidemiological model of IBD.

Methods: Gastroenterology clinics in Canterbury were searched for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD.

An International Consensus on Appropriate Management of Corticosteroids in Clinical Trials in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background & Aims: Approval of new therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) requires rigorously designed and well-executed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Corticosteroids remain a cornerstone of IBD induction therapy, and many patients in trials are enrolled while taking corticosteroids. Despite this, approaches to corticosteroid management in RCTs have been highly heterogeneous, often differing from clinical practice.

Plasma Calprotectin and Myeloperoxidase as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a relapsing-remitting illness requiring proactive monitoring of gut inflammation. We aimed to determine the correlations of plasma myeloperoxidase (pMPO) and calprotectin (pCal), two neutrophil proteins, with existing measures of disease activity.

Methods: Adults with IBD undergoing ileocolonoscopy were recruited prospectively.

Myeloperoxidase Enzyme Activity in Feces Reflects Endoscopic Severity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Concentrations of the neutrophil protein myeloperoxidase are elevated in the feces of individuals with endoscopically active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Its enzyme activity could give an immediate readout of endoscopic inflammation. We investigated whether fecal myeloperoxidase activity (fMPOa) is associated with IBD endoscopic inflammation.

Shaping the future of inflammatory bowel disease: a global research agenda for better management and public health response.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a growing global health challenge affecting more than 7 million people worldwide. With increasing prevalence across all age groups, including children and adolescents, IBD places substantial strain on health-care systems and society, resulting in high direct medical costs, lost productivity and reduced quality of life. Despite therapeutic advances, suboptimal disease control and delays in timely diagnosis and adequate treatment persist.

Effects of defatted rice bran-fortified bread on gut microbiome, cardiovascular risk, gut discomfort, wellbeing and gut physiology in healthy adults with low dietary fibre intake.

Background & Aims: Inadequate dietary fibre (DF) intake is associated with suboptimal gut function and increased risk of several human diseases. Bread is commonly consumed and is ideal to incorporate cereal bran to increase DF content. No human studies have investigated the effects of defatted rice bran (DRB) in bread, which has triple the DF of white bread, purported hypo-allergenicity and a unique nutrient profile, as a dietary intervention in healthy adults.

Environmental risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease: toward a strategy of preventative health.

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves a complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and microbial factors. Many of these environmental determinants are modifiable, offering opportunities to prevent disease or delay its onset. Advances in the study of preclinical IBD cohorts offer the potential to identify biomarkers that predict individuals at high risk of developing IBD, enabling targeted environmental interventions aimed at reducing IBD incidence.

Characterisation of the Plasma and Faecal Metabolomes in Participants with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.

There is evidence of perturbed microbial and host processes in the gastrointestinal tract of individuals with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) compared to healthy controls. The faecal metabolome provides insight into the metabolic processes localised to the intestinal tract, while the plasma metabolome highlights the overall perturbances of host and/or microbial responses. This study profiled the faecal ( = 221) and plasma ( = 206) metabolomes of individuals with functional constipation (FC), constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C), functional diarrhoea (FD), diarrhoea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and healthy controls (identified using the Rome Criteria IV) using multimodal LC-MS technologies.

Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canterbury, New Zealand, 2018-2023.

Background: New diagnoses of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), can highlight health system burden and potentially give clues to disease aetiology. This population-based study aimed to measure the annual incidence of IBD over six years (2018-2023) in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.

Methods: The medical records from public and private gastroenterology clinics were examined for new patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2023.

Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of the Daily Consumption of Ruminant Milk on Digestive Comfort and Nutrition in Older Women: The YUMMI Study.

Background: Age-related changes can lead to dietary insufficiency in older adults. The inclusion of high-quality, nutrient-dense foods such as ruminant milks can significantly improve health outcomes. However, many older adults worldwide do not meet daily milk intake recommendations because of digestive discomfort and health concerns.

Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: An International Delphi Consensus on Clinical Trial Design and Endpoints.

Background & Aims: Interventional clinical trials in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) are characterized by substantial heterogeneity due to a lack of consensus in several key areas of trial design-this impedes clinical research efforts to identify novel therapies. The objective of this initiative was to achieve the first consensus and provide clear position statements on ASUC trial design.

Methods: A modified Delphi consensus approach was employed with a panel of 20 clinicians with international representation and expertise in ASUC trial design and delivery.

Fecal Myeloperoxidase Levels Reflect Disease Activity in Children With Crohn's Disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which has relapsing and remitting symptoms. Better ways to detect and monitor active disease are required for early diagnosis and optimal outcomes. We assessed fecal myeloperoxidase (fMPO), a neutrophil-derived enzyme that produces hypochlorous acid, as a marker of disease activity in children with CD.

A Mediterranean dietary pattern intervention does not improve cardiometabolic risk but does improve quality of life and body composition in an Aotearoa New Zealand population at increased cardiometabolic risk: A randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To test if a New Zealand food-based Mediterranean diet (NZMedDiet) with behavioural intervention improves cardiometabolic health and wellbeing.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial comparing 12 weeks of the NZMedDiet to usual diet in participants with increased cardiometabolic risk (metabolic syndrome severity score [MetSSS] > 0.35).

Ten-year outcomes of a prospective population-based incidence cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients from Canterbury, New Zealand.

Background And Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a progressive condition where ongoing inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to complications such as strictures, and fistulae. The long-term outcomes of newly diagnosed patients under current medical therapy can be used to plan health service provision and guide patients.

Methods: Prospective population-based data on all incident patients diagnosed with IBD in Canterbury was gathered in 2014 ( = 205).

Advancing microbiome research in Māori populations: insights from recent literature exploring the gut microbiomes of underrepresented and Indigenous peoples.

The gut microbiome plays vital roles in human health, including mediating metabolism, immunity, and the gut-brain axis. Many ethnicities remain underrepresented in gut microbiome research, with significant variation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples due to dietary, socioeconomic, health, and urbanization differences. Although research regarding the microbiomes of Indigenous peoples is increasing, Māori microbiome literature is lacking despite widespread inequities that Māori populations face.

Effects of Defatted Rice Bran-Fortified Bread on the Gut Microbiota Composition of Healthy Adults With Low Dietary Fiber Intake: Protocol for a Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Inadequate dietary fiber (DF) intake is associated with several human diseases. Bread is commonly consumed, and its DF content can be increased by incorporating defatted rice bran (DRB).

Objective: This first human study on DRB-fortified bread primarily aims to assess the effect of DRB-fortified bread on the relative abundance of a composite of key microbial genera and species in fecal samples.

Unsupervised machine learning highlights the challenges of subtyping disorders of gut-brain interaction.

Background: Unsupervised machine learning describes a collection of powerful techniques that seek to identify hidden patterns in unlabeled data. These techniques can be broadly categorized into dimension reduction, which transforms and combines the original set of measurements to simplify data, and cluster analysis, which seeks to group subjects based on some measure of similarity. Unsupervised machine learning can be used to explore alternative subtyping of disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) compared to the existing gastrointestinal symptom-based definitions of Rome IV.