Cytoprotective Effect of Trachystemon orientalis against cigarette smoke extract- Induced toxicity on human bronchial epithelial cells.

Trachystemon orientalis D.Don is a perennial species belonging to the family Boraginaceae. It is predominantly distributed in the northern parts of Türkiye.

Dimethyl Fumarate Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Bladder Damage and Enhances Cytotoxic Activity Against SH-SY5Y Cells.

Cylophosphamide (CP)-induced acute cystitis is a debilitating bladder dysfunction commonly observed in cancer patients, primarily resulting from oxidative damage and inflammation in the bladder tissue. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a fumaric acid ester approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, we aimed to investigate the multiple effects of DMF, involving both its potential synergistic effect with CP on the SH-SY5Y cells and its uroprotective effect on CP-induced acute cystitis.

Nanoparticle Formulations for Intracellular Delivery in Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

This study introduces advanced nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (NDDS) designed for targeted colorectal cancer treatment. We developed and characterized three distinct formulations: Bevacizumab-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BEV-CHI-NP), polymeric micelles (BEV-PM), and BEV-conjugated exosomes enriched with AS1411 and N1-methyladenosine (AP-BEV + M1A-EXO). Each formulation exhibited optimized physicochemical properties, with particle sizes between 150 and 250 nm and surface charges ranging from + 14.

Dermal thirdhand smoke exposure induced epidermal alterations in human keratinocyte cells through oxidative damage and MMP-1 expression.

Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the residual cigarette smoke that settles on indoor surface fabrics, dust and can accumulate in the environment. Therefore, it can be a risk factor for individuals who have frequent dermal contact with THS-contaminated surfaces. In the present study, it was aimed to elucidate the toxicity of dermal THS exposure in HaCaT human keratinocytes.

Insights into the Biological Activity and Cytotoxic Mechanism of Epimedium pubigerum.

In this work, the phytochemical characterization, biological activity, and cytotoxic mechanism of aerial and rhizome methanol extracts (SME and RME) of Epimedium pubigerum were investigated to demonstrate its potential usage in the treatment of lung cancer. LC-HRMS analysis, total phenolic/flavonoid content assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, DNA interaction, cytotoxicity, and western blotting were investigated using different methods. Fumaric acid was found to be the most abundant compound in both extracts.

Discovery of Novel Thiophene/Hydrazones: In Vitro and In Silico Studies against Pancreatic Cancer.

Cancer is the disease with the highest mortality. Drug studies contribute to promising treatments; however there is an urgent need for selective drug candidates. Pancreatic cancer is difficult to treat and the cancer progresses rapidly.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Modulates the Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses Induced by Traditional and Novel Tobacco Products in Human Liver Epithelial Cells.

Smoking has been associated with NAFLD recently, thus might be a contributing factor for liver disease progression. In this study, we identified the modulative action of α-lipoic acid (α-LA), an organosulphur compound, towards heated tobacco product (HTP) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in human liver HepG2 cells. The cells were pre-treated with α-LA and exposed to tobacco extracts, and cytotoxicity, oxidative response (SOD, CAT activities and GSH, MDA levels), inflammation (nitrite, IL-6, AhR levels), and liver function (AST/ALT) were assessed.

Secondary metabolites from L. and their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

A previously unreported secoiridoid glycoside, cruciatoside () was isolated from the aerial parts of L. along with ten known compounds eustomoside (), eustomorusside (), gentiopicroside (), 6'--β-D-glucopyranosyl gentiopicroside (), loganic acid (), isoorientin (), isovitexin (), isovitexin 2''ferulate (), mangiferin (), and 2-methyl-inositol (). The chemical structures of the isolates were elucidated based on extensive 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments as well as HRMS analysis.

Discovery of Potent Cholinesterase Inhibition-Based Multi-Target-Directed Lead Compounds for Synaptoprotection in Alzheimer's Disease.

Drug development efforts that focused on single targets failed to provide effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, we designed cholinesterase inhibition (ChEI)-based multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) to simultaneously target AD-related receptors. We built a library of 70 compounds, sequentially screened for ChEI, and determined σR, σR, NMDAR-GluN2B binding affinities, and P2X7R antagonistic activities.

A comprehensive study to evaluate the wound healing potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fruit.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been extensively used for the treatment of skin damage and subcutaneous tissue abscess for many years in Turkish folk medicine.

Aim Of Study: In this study, we aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of okra fruit by in vitro and in vivo experimental models in detail.

Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of novel 3,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as iNOS inhibitors.

To obtain new anti-inflammatory agents, recent studies have aimed to replace the carboxylate functionality of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with less acidic heterocyclic bioisosteres like 1,3,4-oxadiazole to protect the gastric mucosa from free carboxylate moieties. In view of these observations, we designed and synthesized a series of 3,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as inhibitors of prostaglandin E (PGE ) and NO production with an improved activity profile. As initial screening, and to examine the anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds, the inhibitions of the productions of lipopolysaccharide-induced NO and PGE in RAW 264.

Piperazine and piperidine-substituted 7-hydroxy coumarins for the development of anti-inflammatory agents.

Coumarins (2H-1-benzopyran-2-one), derivatives that can be isolated from several plants, have been reported for their anticoagulant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, or anticancer activity. Some of these structures are currently approved for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as antibiotics or as an anticancer drug. Given the great potential of this structure and the limited number of studies that focus on molecules derived from carbon 8 of the benzopyranone heterocycle, we synthesized in this project 38 coumarin derivatives by substituting carbon 8 of the benzopyran ring with some aromatic and aliphatically substituted piperidines and piperazines.

Hydroxytyrosol: The Phytochemical Responsible for Bioactivity of Traditionally used Olive Pits.

The fruits of L. is widely consumed as food, and olive pits are utilized in folk medicine to relieve gastric disturbances. In the present study, the possible anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of black (BP) and green olive (GP) pit prepared at gastric fed state pH were evaluated Moreover, the bioactive compound, hydroxytyrosol (HT), was isolated from the extracts for the first time.

The Importance of the Structural Similarity of Drugs Used for Depression and Inflammation, Two Comorbid Diseases.

Growing evidence links inflammation to depression and the combination of antiinflammatory drugs with an antidepressant to treat depressive symptoms is currently suggested. There are only few studies concerning the molecular mechanism underlying this comorbidity, and many of them point out the importance of the tryptophan pathway. There is yet no data that analyzes the structural similarity of the molecules used for the treatment of these comorbid diseases.

Phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of L. and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Phytochemical investigations on the EtOH extract of led to the isolation of six flavonoid glycosides, isoorientin (), isoorientin 3'--methyl ether (), quercetin 7--α-L-rhamnopyranoside (), quercetin 3,7-di--α-L-rhamnopyranoside (), manghaslin () and chrysoeriol 7--β-D-glucopyranoside (), one phenylethanol derivative, hydroxytyrosol (), along with three phenolic acids, caffeic acid (), ()--coumaric acid () and -hydroxybenzoic acid (). The structures of the isolates were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HR-MS data. All compounds were isolated from for the first time.

Safety evaluation of styrax liquidus from the viewpoint of genotoxicity and mutagenicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Styrax liquidus is a resinous exudate (balsam) obtained from the wounded trunk of the Liquidambar orientalis Mill. (Hamamelidaceae). Styrax has been used for treatment of various ailments in Turkish folk medicine such as skin problems, peptic ulcers, nocturnal enuresis, parasitic infections, antiseptic or as expectorant.