Understanding caregivers' decision to vaccinate childhood cancer survivors against COVID-19.

Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended for childhood cancer survivors (CCS). This study aimed to identify antecedents contributing to caregivers' decisions to vaccinate CCS aged 5-17 years against COVID-19 by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study completed an online survey assessing caregiver attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention to vaccinate CCS, CCS vaccination status, COVID-19 health literacy, and frequency of COVID-19 information-seeking.

Racialized differences across experiences and measurements of pain in genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder.

Background: Despite a growing body of research on genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD), few studies have examined racial and ethnic differences.

Aim: The goal of this study was to examine differences across racial groups pertaining to GPPPD with sexual vaginal intercourse in young college women at 2 public US universities.

Methods: Data were collected from 1197 students from 2 public US universities.

A scoping review of outer context constructs in dissemination and implementation science theories, models, and frameworks.

Many studies have explored organizational factors that facilitate implementation. However, there is still a limited understanding of determinants external to the implementing organization and their effects on evidence-based intervention (EBI) adoption, implementation, and outcomes. The purpose of this scoping review was to assess definitions of context and identify salient determinants of outer context found in dissemination and implementation theories, models, and frameworks.

Reduction of the Adult Epilepsy Self-Management Measure Instrument (AESMMI).

Managing one's own symptoms, medications, treatments, lifestyle, and psychological and social aspects of chronic disease is known as self-management. The Institute of Medicine has identified three categories of epilepsy self-management, including medication management, behavior management, and emotional support. Overall, there has been limited research of interventions measuring epilepsy self-management behaviors.

Exploring Relationships Between Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder, Sex Guilt, and Religiosity Among College Women in the U.S.

Introduction: Despite a growing body of research on psychosocial factors in Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder (GPPPD) during sexual intercourse, there are few studies examining adolescent and young adult women's experiences with painful sex and the effects of religiosity, sexual education, and sex guilt.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to examine the occurrence of GPPPD among sexually active female college students, including psychosocial factors of religiosity and religious practice, sexual education, sex guilt, and sexual distress.

Methods: Data were collected from 974 college women from a university in the Northeastern U.

Willingness to Participate in At-Home HIV Testing Among Young Adults Who Use Opioids in Rural Appalachia.

New HIV infections associated with injection drug use are of major concern in rural US communities. This study explores acceptability of, consent for, and uptake of free at-home HIV testing among people who use drugs (PWUD) in one of the nation's epicenters for drug-related harms and HIV vulnerability: Rural Central Appalachia. Eligible participants were 18-35 years old, lived in Appalachian Kentucky, and reported using opioids to get high in the previous 30 days.

Characterizing the Rural Opioid Use Environment in Kentucky Using Google Earth: Virtual Audit.

Background: The opioid epidemic has ravaged rural communities in the United States. Despite extensive literature relating the physical environment to substance use in urban areas, little is known about the role of physical environment on the opioid epidemic in rural areas.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the reliability of Google Earth to collect data on the physical environment related to substance use in rural areas.

The emerging marijuana retail environment: Key lessons learned from tobacco and alcohol retail research.

The emerging retail market for recreational marijuana use warrants research and surveillance as such markets are established in more US states. This research can be informed by the existing literature regarding tobacco and alcohol, which highlights the impact of spatial access to tobacco and alcohol retailers and exposure to tobacco and alcohol marketing on smoking and drinking among youth and young adults. Prior research indicates that tobacco and alcohol retailers, as well as medical marijuana dispensaries, are disproportionately located in neighborhoods characterized by socioeconomic disadvantage and by higher proportions of racial/ethnic minorities and young adults.

Process evaluation of health fairs promoting cancer screenings.

Background: Low income and uninsured individuals often have lower adherence to cancer screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer. Health fairs are a common community outreach strategy used to provide cancer-related health education and services.

Methods: This study was a process evaluation of seven health fairs focused on cancer screening across the U.

Implications of Attrition in a Longitudinal Web-Based Survey: An Examination of College Students Participating in a Tobacco Use Study.

Background: Web-based survey research has several benefits, including low cost and burden, as well as high use of the Internet, particularly among young adults. In the context of longitudinal studies, attrition raises concerns regarding the validity of data, given the potential associations with individual and institutional characteristics, or the focal area of study (eg, cigarette use).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare baseline characteristics of nonresponders versus responders in a sample of young adult college students in a Web-based longitudinal study regarding tobacco use.

A process evaluation of an intervention to promote home smoking bans among low income households.

Exposure to secondhand smoke occurs primarily in the home due to passage of smoke-free legislation. Creation of a total household smoking ban can reduce associated health conditions such as asthma, lung cancer, heart disease and stroke. This paper describes the results of a randomized control trial of a minimal intervention to create smoke-free homes.

Cigarette users' interest in using or switching to electronic nicotine delivery systems for smokeless tobacco for harm reduction, cessation, or novelty: a cross-sectional survey of US adults.

Introduction: We examined: (a) current (past 30-day) smokers' interest in using or switching to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or smokeless tobacco for various reasons; (b) correlates of interest in these products; and (c) subgroups of current smokers in relation to interest in these products.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey assessing sociodemographics, tobacco use, interest in ENDS and smokeless tobacco among smokers, and knowledge about ENDS among 2,501 US adults recruited through an online consumer panel. We oversampled tobacco users (36.

Development of a pedestrian audit tool to assess rural neighborhood walkability.

Background: Recently, investigators have begun to refine audit instruments for use in rural areas. However, no studies have developed a walkability summary score or have correlated built environment characteristics with physical activity behavior.

Methods: The Rural Pedestrian Environmental Audit Instrument was developed specifically for use in rural areas.