Genomic insights into Klebsiella pneumoniae: Virulence, resistance, and transmission in South and Southeast Asia.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae has long posed a significant challenge in clinical settings worldwide, particularly due to its carbapenemase production and multidrug-resistant (MDR) characteristics. While extensive genomic studies of K. pneumoniae have been conducted globally, research in Asia, particularly South Asia, remains limited.

Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (HS)-producing variants of .

Atypical forms exhibit unusual characteristics compared to typical strains. The HS-producing variants of some atypical strains cause a wide range of illnesses in humans and animals. However, there are sparse reports on such strains worldwide.

Case report: A successfully treated case of community-acquired urinary tract infection due to in Bangladesh.

, a nosocomial pathogen, is increasingly associated with extensive drug resistance and virulence profiles. It is responsible for high morbidity and mortality. This report describes the first successfully treated case of community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by in an elderly housewife with Type-2 diabetes (T2D) from Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Genome dynamics of high-risk resistant and hypervirulent clones in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

is recognized as an urgent public health threat because of the emergence of difficult-to-treat (DTR) strains and hypervirulent clones, resulting in infections with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite its prominence, little is known about the genomic epidemiology of in resource-limited settings like Bangladesh. We sequenced genomes of 32 strains isolated from patient samples at the International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b).

Genomic attributes of Vibrio cholerae O1 responsible for 2022 massive cholera outbreak in Bangladesh.

In 2022, one of its worst cholera outbreaks began in Bangladesh and the icddr,b Dhaka hospital treated more than 1300 patients and ca. 42,000 diarrheal cases from March-1 to April-10, 2022. Here, we present genomic attributes of V.

Non-lactose fermenting : Following in the footsteps of lactose fermenting high-risk clones.

Multi-resistant pathogenic strains of non-lactose fermenting (NLF ) are responsible for various intestinal and extraintestinal infections. Although several studies have characterised such strains using conventional methods, they have not been comprehensively studied at the genomic level. To address this gap, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) coupled with detailed microbiological and biochemical testing to investigate 17 NLF from a diagnostic centre (icddr,b) in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

International High-Risk Clones Among Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

is a major extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organism responsible for the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that has compromised our ability to treat infections. Baseline data on population structure, virulence, and resistance mechanisms in lineages from developing countries such as Bangladesh are lacking. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for 46 ESBL- isolates cultured from patient samples at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)-Dhaka.

The Etiology of Childhood Pneumonia in Bangladesh: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

Background: Pneumonia remains the leading infectious cause of death among children <5 years, but its cause in most children is unknown. We estimated etiology for each child in 2 Bangladesh sites that represent rural and urban South Asian settings with moderate child mortality.

Methods: As part of the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study, we enrolled children 1-59 months of age with World Health Organization-defined severe and very severe pneumonia, plus age-frequency-matched controls, in Matlab and Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Genome Sequencing Identified a SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.1.7 Strain with a High Number of Mutations from Dhaka, Bangladesh.

We report a coding-complete genome sequence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain SARS-CoV-2/BGD/GC001, isolated from a Bangladeshi patient with respiratory symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis assigned this strain to lineage B.1.

A Case Series Describing the Recurrence of COVID-19 in Patients Who Recovered from Initial Illness in Bangladesh.

To date, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 80 million people globally. We report a case series of five clinically and laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients from Bangladesh who suffered a second episode of COVID-19 illness after 70 symptom-free days. The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), is a leading public health research institution in South Asia.

High Prevalence of Gene among Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Isolates Causing Extraintestinal Infections in Bangladesh.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) () clonal lineages with high virulence potential is alarming. Lack of sufficient data on molecular epidemiology of such pathogens from countries with high infection burden, such as Bangladesh, hinders management and infection control measures. In this study, we assessed the population structure, virulence potential and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates from Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Draft Genome Sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum RDN09, Isolated from a Patient with a Wound Infection in Bangladesh.

is an emerging environmental opportunistic pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in humans. Here, we describe the draft genome sequence of RDN09, isolated from the infected wound of an adult male patient in Bangladesh. The genome assembly consists of 4,736,739 bp spread across 84 contigs.

Agricultural Injury-Associated Infection in a Bangladeshi Farmer.

is an emerging environmental pathogen that causes life-threatening infection in humans and animals. In October 2017, a Bangladeshi farmer was hospitalized with high-grade fever due to an agricultural injury-related wound infection. Bacteriological and 16S rRNA gene investigation detected in the wound discharge.

Genome Dynamics of Vibrio cholerae Isolates Linked to Seasonal Outbreaks of Cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The temporal switching of serotypes from serotype Ogawa to Inaba and back to Ogawa was identified in O1, which was responsible for seasonal outbreaks of cholera in Dhaka during the period 2015 to 2018. In order to delineate the factors responsible for this serotype transition, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of O1 multidrug-resistant strains belonging to both the serotypes that were isolated during this interval where the emergence and subsequent reduction of the Inaba serotype occurred. The whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis revealed clonal expansion of the Inaba isolates mainly responsible for the peaks of infection during 2016 to 2017 and that they might have evolved from the prevailing Ogawa strains in 2015 which coclustered with them.

Evaluation of Pneumococcal Load in Blood by Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Young Children in the PERCH Study.

Background.: Detection of pneumococcus by lytA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood had poor diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia in children in 9 African and Asian sites. We assessed the value of blood lytA quantification in diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia.

Detection of Pneumococcal DNA in Blood by Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosing Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Young Children From Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background.: We investigated the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood in the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia among children from 7 low- and middle-income countries.

Methods.

The Effect of Antibiotic Exposure and Specimen Volume on the Detection of Bacterial Pathogens in Children With Pneumonia.

Background.: Antibiotic exposure and specimen volume are known to affect pathogen detection by culture. Here we assess their effects on bacterial pathogen detection by both culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children.

Emergence of bla TEM Type Extended-Spectrum β -Lactamase Producing Salmonella spp. in the Urban Area of Bangladesh.

Salmonellosis, an acute invasive enteric infection, is endemic in Bangladesh. We analyzed 128,312 stool samples of diarrheal patients to identify Salmonella spp. during 2005-2013.