Survival patterns and prognostic stratification based on distant metastasis characteristics in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: Despite advances in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), distant metastasis (DM) remains a major obstacle to improving its prognosis. This study aimed to predict survival based on DM characteristics and to detail related outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with OSCC and treated at two centers.

Prevalence of tonsillar human papillomavirus infection in low-risk individuals without cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 infection in the tonsils of patients without cancer and to analyze the associated risk factors in a low-risk population in Brazil.

Methods: The study included 113 adult patients who underwent surgery for non-neoplastic conditions. The participants completed an interview-based questionnaire on lifestyle habits, including the use of tobacco and alcohol, and a questionnaire on sexual behavior.

CSCE-cadherin immunohistochemistry panel predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Identifying marker combinations for robust prognostic validation in primary tumour compartments remains challenging. We aimed to assess the prognostic significance of CSC markers (ALDH1, CD44, p75NTR, BMI-1) and E-cadherin biomarkers in OSCC. We analysed 94 primary OSCC and 67 metastatic lymph node samples, including central and invasive tumour fronts (ITF), along with clinicopathological data.

Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Tumors of the Cheek: Water Mouth Distension Technique.

Purpose: To describe a new B-mode ultrasound examination technique to assess cheek tumors.

Materials And Methods: 30 cheek oral cavity lesions of different histological types (11 benign and 19 malignant) from 23 patients (11 women and 12 men, 7-82 years old, mean age of 49.5 years) were analyzed.

Extracellular vesicles cargo from head and neck cancer cell lines disrupt dendritic cells function and match plasma microRNAs.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are mediators of the immune system response. Encapsulated in EVs, microRNAs can be transferred between cancer and immune cells. To define the potential effects of EVs originated from squamous cell carcinoma cells on immune system response, we performed microRNA profiling of EVs released from two distinct cell lines and treated dendritic cells derived from circulating monocytes (mono-DCs) with these EVs.

PAI-1 expression in intratumoral inflammatory infiltrate contributes to lymph node metastasis in oral cancer: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Immune cells contribute with mediators in the protein expression profile of the tumor microenvironment. Levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are elevated in non-malignant inflammatory conditions; however, the association between PAI-1 expression and inflammation remains uncertain in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to investigate PAI-1 expression in mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate in OSCC and its role as a prognostic marker.

Implication of the New AJCC pT Classification of SCC of the Lip Comparing With Other Oral Subsites.

Objective: To determine the implication of the new AJCC staging system for pT classification in a cohort of patients with SCC of the lip mucosa and compare it to other oral cavity sites.

Methods: Retrospective cohort of 744 patients treated between 2002 and 2017, by the Head and Neck Surgery Department of the University of Sao Paulo.

Results: Of 95 lip patients, 42 had pT upstage (58.

MicroRNA-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Background: We evaluated microRNAs and extracellular matrix component profiles in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) in comparison to healthy mucosa.

Methods: Retrospective study investigating 64 microRNAs related to oncogenic process and to constituents of the extracellular matrix. We also performed immunohistochemical assays for molecules involved in the same biological processes.

Cancer-associated fibroblast regulation by microRNAs promotes invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of microRNA-mediated remodeling of the extracellular matrix in the process of tumor invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate its relationship with the prognosis of these patients. This was a retrospective study on material from the paraffin blocks of patients operated on for oral squamous cell carcinoma, in addition to a group of healthy oral mucosa samples of paired patients. miR-1-3p, miR-133-3p, and miR-21-5p were differentially expressed between the superficial and deep tumor groups.

Morphometry and Frequency of the Pyramidalis Muscle in Adult Humans: A Pyramidalis Muscle's Anatomical Analysis.

Objectives: To verify the pyramidalis muscle's frequency (bilaterality, unilaterality, or absence) and morphometry (length of the medial border and width of its origin/base) in a sample of the Brazilian population and the anthropometric influence.

Methods: Dissection of 30 cadavers, up to 24h post-mortem.

Results: The pyramidalis muscle was present bilaterally and unilaterally in 83.

GLI3 knockdown decreases stemness, cell proliferation and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an extremely aggressive disease associated with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have established that cancer stem cells (CSCs) actively participate in OSCC development, progression and resistance to conventional treatments. Furthermore, CSCs frequently exhibit a deregulated expression of normal stem cell signalling pathways, thereby acquiring their distinctive abilities, of which self-renewal is an example.

PAI-1, CAIX, and VEGFA expressions as prognosis markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the HIF-1 complex promotes the expression of genes involved in specific mechanisms of cell survival under hypoxic conditions, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). The study aimed to investigate the presence and prognostic value of PAI-1, CAIX, and VEGFA in OSCC.

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expressions of these proteins in 52 tumoral tissue samples of patients with OSCC, surgically treated and followed by a minimum of 24 months after surgery.

Prognostic implications of CD44, NANOG, OCT4, and BMI1 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) contains a cell subpopulation referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The CSC markers have been used to isolate these cells and as biomarkers to predict overall survival.

Methods: The CSC markers CD44, NANOG, OCT4, and BMI1 were investigated using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.

GTSP1 expression in non-smoker and non-drinker patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Introduction: The main risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are tobacco and alcohol consumption and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, in a subset of patients, no risk factors can be identified. Glutathione S-transferase π (GTSP1) is a carcinogen-detoxifying enzyme that is activated by exposure to carcinogens, and it is associated with a reduction in response to toxic therapies.

Tumor volume as an independent predictive factor of worse survival in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of tumor volume in the prognosis of patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: One hundred twenty-three patients with T4a oral cavity SCCs underwent surgical treatment. The volumes of the primary cancer were calculated by the multiplication of 3 macroscopic dimensions of the surgical specimen and related to recurrence and death.

Diabetes mellitus, metformin and head and neck cancer.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM (Diabetes Mellitus)) is directly associated with some cancers. However, studies on the association between diabetes mellitus and head and neck cancer (HNC (Head and Neck Cancer)) have rendered controversial results. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between DM and HNC, as well as the impact of metformin use on the risk of HNC.

BRAF V600E and decreased NIS and TPO expression are associated with aggressiveness of a subgroup of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Background: Thyroid cancer incidence has dramatically increased worldwide over the last two decades. The rise is mostly due to an increased detection of small papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) (≤20  mm), predominantly microPTC (≤10  mm). Although small tumors generally have an excellent outcome, a considerable percentage may have a more aggressive disease and worse prognosis.

Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium.

Background: Increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in young adults has been reported. We aimed to compare the role of major risk factors and family history of cancer in HNC in young adults and older patients.

Methods: We pooled data from 25 case-control studies and conducted separate analyses for adults ≤ 45 years old ('young adults', 2010 cases and 4042 controls) and >45 years old ('older adults', 17700 cases and 22 704 controls).

Homeobox gene expression profile indicates HOXA5 as a candidate prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The search for molecular markers to improve diagnosis, individualize treatment and predict behavior of tumors has been the focus of several studies. This study aimed to analyze homeobox gene expression profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as well as to investigate whether some of these genes are relevant molecular markers of prognosis and/or tumor aggressiveness. Homeobox gene expression levels were assessed by microarrays and qRT-PCR in OSCC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous matched tissues (margin), as well as in OSCC cell lines.