Circulating TNF-α levels in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis and comparison to TNF-α levels in sepsis.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions and sepsis. Although anti-TNF-α therapies have demonstrated clinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there is no established evidence for benefit in patients with sepsis.

Objectives: We sought to quantify circulating TNF-α in patients with RA and compare results to TNF-α levels in sepsis.

Potential drug-drug interactions among hospitalised cardiac patients in Nepal: a prospective observational study.

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a significant concern for patients on complex therapeutic regimens, especially involving cardiovascular medications, which are frequently implicated in these interactions.

Objectives: This study used a standardised interaction database to determine the frequency, severity and risk factors associated with potential DDIs (pDDIs) among cardiovascular disease (CVD) in-patients.

Methods: The prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal from April 2024 to October 2024.

Neurological Manifestations in Oropouche Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Oropouche virus (OROV), an emerging arbovirus, poses a significant public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions of Latin America, as well as in other parts of the world, with imported cases reported in North America and Europe. While OROV is primarily associated with acute febrile illness, especially emerging evidence suggests it may cause neurological complications, though these remain understudied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the prevalence of neurological manifestations in OROV infections.

Challenges in Emerging and Reemerging Arboviral Diseases: The Examples of Oropouche and Yellow Fever.

The global burden of arboviral diseases continues to rise with alarming frequency and impact [...

Thelaziasis in humans: A systematic review of reported cases.

Background: Thelaziasis is an emerging vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by spp., which primarily affects animals but is increasingly recognised in humans, where it causes ocular infections. Human thelaziasis remains underreported and poorly understood in many regions despite its growing relevance.

The emergence of oropouche fever: A potential new threat?

Oropouche fever, caused by the (OROV), has become a significant public health concern. Recent outbreaks highlight its increasing global spread, driven by environmental, social, and ecological factors. The disease presents clinical similarities to other arboviral infections, making accurate diagnosis essential for effective management and prevention.

Evaluation of anemia among pregnant women in a hilly district of western Nepal: A hospital based cross-sectional study.

Iron deficiency anemia remains a significant public health concern, particularly among pregnant women and children. The prevalence of anemia is higher in lower middle income countries including Nepal. Despite government efforts, progress in reducing anemia in the last 15 years has been slow, especially in remote hilly regions.

Current Antibiotic Resistance Profile of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Nepalese Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Antimicrobial-resistant , , , , , (ESKAPE) species pathogens pose a threat to global health by limiting available treatments, escalating the burden of disease, and raising mortality rates. This study investigated the prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens in different infections in a Nepalese hospital and studied their antibiotic resistance pattern. The study was performed from September 2022 to February 2023 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu, Nepal.

Multidrug-Resistance and Biofilm Formation among Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Specimens.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a problematic pathogen due to its ability to become resistant to antibiotics and form biofilms. The aim of this study was to explore antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation, and examine any correlation between these in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the 750-bed Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Nepal.

New antibiotics targeting Gram-negative bacilli.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging global threat. It increases mortality and morbidity rates and places a heavy burden on healthcare systems. Healthcare professionals can address the increasing issue of AMR by advocating responsible antibiotic use and supporting the development of new medications.

Impact of antiparasitic therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in chronic Chagas disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endemic in more than 20 countries, Chagas disease affects 6.3 million people worldwide, leading to 28,000 new infections and 7700 deaths each year. Previous meta-analyses on antiparasitic treatment need updates to encompass recent studies and to assess key clinically meaningful endpoints.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements in Diagnostics, Treatment, and Operational Efficiency.

Background And Aims: Artificial Intelligence (AI) beginning to integrate in healthcare, is ushering in a transformative era, impacting diagnostics, altering personalized treatment, and significantly improving operational efficiency. The study aims to describe AI in healthcare, including important technologies like robotics, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), and to investigate how these technologies are used in patient interaction, predictive analytics, and remote monitoring. The goal of this review is to present a thorough analysis of AI's effects on healthcare while providing stakeholders with a road map for navigating this changing environment.

Clade Ib: a new emerging threat in the Mpox outbreak.

Monkeypox, a zoonotic virus in the , has drawn global attention for its impact on public health. In the current Mpox outbreak, a novel clade, Ib, has emerged as a significant and potentially fatal threat. This review examines the dynamics of MPXV transmission, person-to-person spread, and infection mechanisms, highlighting key risk factors.

Effectiveness of Tecovirimat in Mpox Cases: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has re-emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly during the widespread outbreak of 2022. As an orthopoxvirus related to the eradicated smallpox virus, mpox has been primarily managed with smallpox vaccines and treatments, including the antiviral agent Tecovirimat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tecovirimat in treating mpox, focusing on its use during the 2022 outbreak, especially among high-risk populations, including men who have sex with men and people living with HIV.