Feasibility and outcomes of interventions to reduce cystoscopy discomfort: a multi-site pilot study.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of interventions aiming to decrease pain and anxiety during cystoscopy.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study of 190 adults undergoing flexible office cystoscopy was conducted at the University of North Carolina and the University of Texas Southwestern from January to September 2023. Patients were offered 20 mL intraurethral 2% lidocaine with a dwell time of ≤10 or >10 min and either music on headphones or real-time cystoscopy visualisation.

Linguistic Differences Based on Gender and Race in Urology Application Personal Statements: A Comparison of 2017 and 2023 Applications.

While diversity and inclusion efforts have increased in urology, comparative analysis of personal statements from 2016-2017 and 2022-2023 residency applications showed few linguistic changes over time by gender or race/ethnicity. These results suggest the need for directed efforts to engage, mentor, and coach females and underrepresented minorities during medical school and the urology application process.

Quality of reporting for qualitative studies in pediatric urology-A scoping review.

Introduction: Qualitative research has gained popularity in pediatric urology due to rich data and insights about quantitative results. To date, there has been no study evaluating the comprehensiveness of the reporting of these studies based on established guidelines.

Objective: The objective of this study is to perform a scoping review of the quality of reporting in recent qualitative studies in pediatric urology based on a predominant checklist, the 21-item Standards of Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) and identify areas for improvement.

Patterns of multispecialty care for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer in the use of active surveillance.

Background: Multidisciplinary models of care have been advocated for prostate cancer (PC) to promote shared decision-making and facilitate quality care. Yet, how this model applies to low-risk disease where the preferred management is expectant remains unclear. Accordingly, we examined recent practice patterns in specialty visits for low/intermediate-risk PC and resultant use of active surveillance (AS).

Use of expectant management based on prostate cancer risk and health status: How far are we from a risk-adapted approach?

Objectives: While active surveillance, a form of expectant management (EM), is preferred for patients with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa), some favor a more risk-adapted approach that recognizes patient preferences and condition-specific factors. However, previous research has shown non-patient-related factors often drive PCa treatment. In this context, we characterized trends in AS with respect to disease risk and health status.

Mapping the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer to the SF-6D.

Purpose: To create a crosswalk that predicts Short Form 6D (SF-6D) utilities from Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) scores.

Methods: The data come from prostate cancer patients enrolled in the North Carolina Prostate Cancer Comparative Effectiveness & Survivorship Study (NC ProCESS, N = 1016). Cross-sectional data from 12- to 24-month follow-up were used as estimation and validation datasets, respectively.

Patient-reported Health Status, Comorbidity Burden, and Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Objective: To determine whether patient-reported health status, more so than comorbidity, influences treatment in men with localized prostate cancer.

Methods: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data linked with Medicare claims and CAHPS surveys, we identified men aged 65-84 diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 2004 to 2013 and ascertained their National Cancer Institute (NCI) comorbidity score and patient-reported health status. Adjusting for demographics and cancer risk, we examined the relationship between these measures and treatment for the overall cohort, low-risk men aged 65-74, intermediate/high-risk men aged 65-74, and men aged 75-84.

Associations between prostate cancer-related anxiety and health-related quality of life.

Background: There are uncertainties about prostate cancer-related anxiety's (PCRA) associations with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and major depression, and these could affect the quality of mental healthcare provided to prostate cancer patients. Addressing these uncertainties will provide more insight into PCRA and inform further research on the value of PCRA prevention. The goals of this study were to measure associations between PCRA and HRQOL at domain and subdomain levels, and to evaluate the association between PCRA and probable (ie, predicted major) depression.

Patient-reported Quality of Life Following Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Conventionally Fractionated External Beam Radiotherapy Compared with Active Surveillance Among Men with Localized Prostate Cancer.

Background: Evidence supporting the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized prostate cancer is accumulating, but comparative studies of patient-reported quality of life (QOL) following SBRT versus conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or active surveillance (AS) are limited.

Objective: To compare QOL of patients pursuing SBRT and EBRT versus AS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A population-based cohort of 680 men with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer was prospectively enrolled from 2011 to 2013.

Patterns of Care of Node-Positive Prostate Cancer Patients Across the United States: A National Cancer Data Base Analysis.

Background: Twelve percent of newly diagnosed prostate cancers in the United States are node-positive. In a setting of disparate treatment guideline recommendations for node-positive disease, this study describes the treatment patterns for clinical node-positive (cN) and pathologic node-positive (pN) patients across the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the National Cancer Data Base, men diagnosed with cN or pN disease were identified from 2006 to 2011.

Patient-reported quality of life during definitive and postprostatectomy image-guided radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Purpose: The importance of patient-reported outcomes is well-recognized. Long-term patient-reported symptoms have been described for individuals who completed radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer. However, the trajectory of symptom development during the course of treatment has not been well-described in patients receiving modern, image-guided RT.

Medication adherence among recipients with chronic diseases enrolled in a state Medicaid program.

Limited information is currently available about medication adherence for common chronic conditions among the Medicaid population. The primary objective of this study was to assess medication adherence among Medicaid recipients with depression, diabetes, epilepsy, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. Factors influencing adherence were determined.

The science of safety curriculum in US colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Objective: To describe the integration of science of safety (SoS) topics in doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curricula of US colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Methods: A questionnaire that contained items pertaining to what and how SoS topics are taught in PharmD curricula was e-mailed to representatives at 107 US colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Results: The majority of the colleges and schools responding indicated that they had integrated SoS topics into their curriculum, however, some gaps (eg, teaching students about communicating risk, Food and Drug Administration [FDA] Sentinel Initiative, utilizing patient databases) were identified that need to be addressed.