Cataract surgery in patients with advanced cognitive impairment who cannot consent for surgery: an evaluation of surgical outcomes, review of the literature and recommendations for the cataract pathway.

Background: Patients with advanced cognitive impairment and cataract are an under-represented group with limited data on surgery outcomes and best practice. The burden of cataract in these groups is significant, and its functional impact can be severe and poorly recognised. We aimed to evaluate cataract surgery outcomes and optimise the surgical pathway for this group at our unit.

Outcomes of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgeries (ISBCS) performed by trainees vs consultants: a two-armed cohort study.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgeries (ISBCS) performed by resident doctors versus consultant ophthalmologists at Moorfields Eye Hospital and its satellite centres.

Methods: The study reviewed ISBCS performed by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implant, comparing resident ophthalmologists (Gr1) and consultant ophthalmologists (Gr2). Outcomes examined included complications, refraction (spherical equivalent (SE) > 0.

Poppers maculopathy missed in a patient with cataract highlights the importance of preoperative optical coherence tomography.

Poppers maculopathy is a complication of alkyl nitrate (poppers) inhalation. It presents with non-specific symptoms and variable signs, which can make it difficult to diagnose. We present a case of coexisting cataract and poppers maculopathy in a patient.

Retaining Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis on Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Dharavi, Mumbai, India, 2020-2022.

Mumbai, India's second largest city, has one of the highest prevalences of drug-resistant tuberculosis* (DRTB) in the world. Treatment for DRTB takes longer and is more complicated than treatment for drug-susceptible tuberculosis (TB). Approximately 300 persons receive a new DRTB diagnosis each year in Mumbai's Dharavi slum; historically, fewer than one half of these patients complete DRTB treatment.

Developing a model to predict unfavourable treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in Delhi, India.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection have worse TB treatment outcomes compared to patients with TB alone. The distribution of unfavourable treatment outcomes differs by socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, allowing for early identification of patients at risk.

Objective: To develop a statistical model that can provide individual probabilities of unfavourable outcomes based on demographic and clinical characteristics of TB-HIV co-infected patients.

Force degradation behavior of glucocorticoid deflazacort by UPLC: isolation, identification and characterization of degradant by FTIR, NMR and mass analysis.

In this investigation, sensitive and reproducible methods are described for quantitative determination of deflazacort in the presence of its degradation product. The method was based on high performance liquid chromatography of the drug from its degradation product on reverse phase using Acquity UPLC BEH C18 columns (1.7 µm, 2.

Scaling up of HIV-TB collaborative activities: Achievements and challenges in India.

India has been implementing HIV/TB collaborative activities since 2001 with rapid scale-up of infrastructure across the country during past decade in National AIDS Control Programme and Revised National TB Control Programme. India has shown over 50% reduction in new infections and around 35% reduction in AIDS-related deaths, thereby being one of the success stories globally. Substantial progress in the implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities has occurred in India and it is marching towards target set out in the Global Plan to Stop TB and endorsed by the UN General Assembly to halve HIV associated TB deaths by 2015.

Multidrug-resistant TB among previously treated TB cases: A retrospective study in Nagpur, India.

Background: Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a major public health concern and threat for tuberculosis control efforts worldwide. Globally, 3.6% of new TB cases and 20.

HIV-infected presumptive tuberculosis patients without tuberculosis: How many are eligible for antiretroviral therapy in Karnataka, India?

For certain subgroups within people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [active tuberculosis (TB), pregnant women, children <5years old, and serodiscordant couples], the World Health Organization recommends antiretroviral therapy (ART) irrespective of CD4 count. Another subgroup which has received increased attention is "HIV-infected presumptive TB patients without TB". In this study, we assess the proportion of HIV-infected presumptive TB patients eligible for ART in Karnataka State (population 60million), India.

Patient and Provider Reported Reasons for Lost to Follow Up in MDRTB Treatment: A Qualitative Study from a Drug Resistant TB Centre in India.

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is emerging public health concern globally. Lost to follow-up (LTFU) is one of the key challenge in MDRTB treatment. In 2013, 18% of MDR TB patients were reported LTFU in India.

Complications and outcomes of phacoemulsification cataract surgery complicated by anterior capsule tear.

Purpose: To study the results of phacoemulsification cataract surgery complicated by anterior capsule tear.

Design: Retrospective interventional controlled case series.

Methods: Consecutive series of eyes suffering intraoperative anterior capsule tear and others with uneventful cataract surgery at Moorfields Eye Hospital were investigated.

Knowledge of Primary Prevention of Diabetic Retinopathy among General Ophthalmologists, Mid Level Eye Care Personnel and General Physicians in Oman.

Objective: We present the outcomes of knowledge of diabetes and associated ocular complications among personnel comprising the eye care team in Oman.

Materials And Methods: A closed ended questionnaire was administered during November 2008 and November 2009 to eye care team members in six regions of Oman, where trainings were held. All participants of these trainings were included in our study.