Chemical Screening and Nematicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Macaronesian and Mediterranean Plants for Controlling Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

Plant-parasitic nematodes are highly damaging pests responsible for heavy losses in a considerable number of plant crops. Common pest management strategies rely on the use of synthetic chemical nematicides, which have led to serious concerns regarding their impact on human health and the environment. The essential oils (EOs) obtained from aromatic plant species can provide a good source of agents for the sustainable control of nematodes, due to higher biodegradability, generally low toxicity for mammals, fish, and birds, and lower bioaccumulation in the environment.

Bioassay-Guided Fractionation Networking for Discovery of Biofungicides from Cultivated .

Considering the detrimental impacts of the current pesticides on the biotic components of the biosphere, the development of novel pesticides is vital. Plant-derived biopesticides have emerged as popular alternatives to create a safer and more sustainable agriculture model. This study aims to validate the previous bioguided fractionation of endemic Canary Islands sage, , as a potential source of botanical pesticides using a cultivation process.

Antifeedant, antifungal and nematicidal compounds from the endophyte Stemphylium solani isolated from wormwood.

The continuous search for natural product-based biopesticides from fungi isolated from untapped sources is an effective tool. In this study, we studied a pre-selected fungal endophyte, isolate Aa22, from the medicinal plant Artemisia absinthium, along with the antifungal, insect antifeedant and nematicidal compounds present in the extract. The endophyte Aa22 was identified as Stemphylium solani by molecular analysis.

Bio-guided isolation of aromatic abietane diterpenoids from Salvia canariensis as biopesticides in the control of phytopathogenic fungi.

Background: Biofungicides arise as a promising alternative to the indiscriminate use of harmful synthetic fungicides in crop management.

Results: The present study reports the bio-guided fractionation of an endemic plant from the Canary Islands, Salvia canariensis against the phytopathogens, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium oxysporum. This procedure allowed identifying a series of diterpenoids with an abietane skeleton (1-5), which exhibited remarkable activity against the phytopathogenic fungi assayed.

Road Impact on Plant Colonization in the Arid Timanfaya National Park.

Roads have the potential to alter local environmental conditions, such as the availability of water and nutrients, and rapidly create suitable habitats for the establishment of both native and non-native plant species, transforming the ecosystems. This is a challenge in Timanfaya National Park and Los Volcanes Natural Park on Lanzarote Island, protected areas that have experienced primary succession after recent volcanic eruptions. In arid ecosystems, changes in abiotic conditions along roadsides might facilitate colonization and plant growth.

Antifungal Potential of Canarian Plant Extracts against High-Risk Phytopathogens.

Phytopathogens are responsible for great losses in agriculture. In particular, Fusarium, Alternaria and Botrytis are fungal diseases that affect crops worldwide. In the search for eco-friendly solutions to pest control, plants and their chemo-biodiversity are promising sources of biopesticides for integrated pest management.

Endophytic Fungi in Species of .

The genus , a collection of ~400 hardy herbaceous plant and shrub species, is an important resource contributing to chemistry, medicine, agriculture, industry, and ecology. Its communities of endophytic fungi have only recently begun to be explored. Summarized from studies conducted on the fungal endophytes in species, both fungal phylogenetic diversity and the associated bioactivity was examined.

Fungi as Endophytes in : Juxtaposed Elements of Diversity and Phylogeny.

is a plant genus highly studied for its medicinal applications. The studies on the associated fungal endophytes are scarce. Ten plants specimens of from Tenerife and La Palma were sampled to isolate the endophytic fungi.

Sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, shikimic acid derivatives and pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio kingii Hook.

Twenty-four compounds including eleven eremophilanolides (1-11), one eremophilane (13), five shikimic acid derivatives (14-18), six flavonoids (19-24), and the macrocyclic unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloid integerrimine (25) were isolated from Senecio kingii, an endemic species from the Magallanes Region (Chile). Compounds 3, 5, 6, 8-11 and 13-18 have not been previously reported as natural products. Their molecular structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic analysis and comparison with published NMR data.

Megalanthine, a bioactive sesquiterpenoid from Heliotropium megalanthum, its degradation products and their bioactivities.

The new bioactive sesquiterpenoid (3R,6E)-2,6,10-trimethyl-3-(3-p-hydroxyphenylpropanoyloxy)-dodeca-6,11-diene-2,10-diol, named megalanthine, was isolated from the resinous exudates of Heliotropium megalanthum. The degradation products of this compound were identified. Several plant-defensive properties (insecticidal, antifungal, and phytotoxic) were evaluated after obtaining positive results in a preliminary etiolated wheat coleoptile bioassay.

Bioactive eremophilanolides from Senecio poepigii.

A new bioactive eremophilanolide, 1alpha-tigloyloxy-8betaH,10betaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8alpha,12-olide, was isolated from Senecio poepigii and its structure was elucidated by spectral analysis. 1alpha-Angeloyloxy-8beta-methoxy-10betaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8alpha,12-olide was also isolated. Antifungal and insect antifeedant properties were evaluated.