Integrated vector management with the sterile insect technique component for the suppression of Aedes aegypti in an urban setting in Indonesia.

Background: Implementing the sterile insect technique (SIT) in areas with high-density target mosquito populations throughout the year is challenging. This study evaluated the effectiveness of releasing radiation-sterilized male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which were subjected to pre-release control measures in a highly urbanized city.

Methodology/principal Findings: A mark-release-recapture (MRR) trial was conducted to assess the performance of sterile male mosquitoes.

Comparison and Validation of Methods for Restoring Neck Length in Hip Arthroplasty That Can Be Applied for Femoral Neck Fracture.

Restoring leg length during total hip arthroplasty (THA) for femoral neck fracture is challenging due to the lack of an intact femoral neck on the fractured side. Thus, templating methods typically use size of the intact contralateral hip to estimate length. Common reference points include the distance from the lesser trochanter to the center of the femoral head (LTC) and femoral head diameter (FHD).

Referral Patterns Associated With Delayed Care for Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries.

Purpose: Traumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPI) are devastating, time-sensitive conditions that often require definitive treatment at academic tertiary care centers. Delays to presentation and surgery have been associated with inferior outcomes. In this study, we evaluate referral patterns associated with delayed presentation and late surgery in traumatic BPI patients.

Risk factors for pain after total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Background: Approximately 23% of patients develop hip pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA). In this systematic review, we aimed to identify risk factors associated with postoperative pain after THA to optimize preoperative surgical planning.

Methods: Six literature databases were searched for articles published from January 1995 to August 2020.

Training outside of the operating room improves intern resident psychomotor skills on a validated ASSH tool.

Objective: The Surgical Training and Educational Platform (STEP) was developed by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH) as a cost-effective set of surgical simulation modules designed to represent critical psychomotor skills in hand surgery. We hypothesize that increased training on these training modules, even with limited supervision, would improve resident performance on psychomotor skills.

Design: Baseline evaluation was conducted on four psychomotor skills to simulate surgical tasks: lag screw fixation, depth of plunge, skin graft harvest, and wrist arthroscopy.

Does Time to Imaging and Surgery for Distal Radius Fractures Vary based on Geographic Socioeconomic Disadvantage?

Background: While disparities in aspects of distal radius fracture (DRF) management and orthopedics at large have been studied, disparities in time to DRF evaluation and treatment are unknown. We sought to determine if geographic socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with time to imaging in the emergency department (ED) and time to surgery for DRFs.

Methods: We performed a time-to-event analysis of 105 patients undergoing DRF surgery after ED triage within our hospital system between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2020.

Does Surgical Repair Benefit Pipkin Type I Femoral Head Fractures?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Femoral head fractures are rare injuries with or without traumatic dislocations. The management of these fractures is crucial to prevent the development of severe complications and to achieve optimal functional outcomes. Wide treatment options for Pipkin 1 femoral head fractures range from fragment excision, fixation following open reduction with internal fixation, or conservative treatment such as close reduction alone after fracture dislocation.

Associations of depression and sociodemographic characteristics with patient activation among those presenting for spine surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the associations of sociodemographic characteristics and PROMIS domain scores with patient activation among patients presenting for spine surgery at a university-affiliated spine center.

Methods: Patients completed a survey collecting demographic and social information. Patients also completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Patient Activation Measure questionnaires.

Appropriate Opioid Use After Spine Surgery: Psychobehavioral Barriers and Patient Knowledge.

Objective: To identify spine patients' barriers to appropriate postoperative opioid use, comfort with naloxone, knowledge of safe opioid disposal practices, and associated factors.

Methods: We preoperatively surveyed 174 spine patients about psychobehavioral barriers to appropriate opioid use, comfort with naloxone, and knowledge about opioid disposal. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with barriers and knowledge (α = 0.

Determining validity, discriminant ability, responsiveness, and minimal clinically important differences for PROMIS in adult spinal deformity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the concurrent validity, discriminant ability, and responsiveness of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in adult spinal deformity (ASD) and to calculate minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for PROMIS scores.

Methods: The authors used data obtained in 186 surgical patients with ASD. Concurrent validity was determined through correlations between preoperative PROMIS scores and legacy measure scores.

Mental Health Associated With Postoperative Satisfaction in Lumbar Degenerative Surgery Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data.

Objective: To assess the association between preoperative and postoperative mental health status with postoperative satisfaction in lumbar degenerative surgery patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Poor preoperative mental health has been shown to negatively affect postoperative satisfaction among spine surgery patients, but there is limited evidence on the impact of postoperative mental health on satisfaction.

How Do Medical Students Perceive Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery, and How Do Their Perceptions Change After an Orthopaedic Clinical Rotation?

Background: A diverse physician workforce improves the quality of care for all patients, and there is a need for greater diversity in orthopaedic surgery. It is important that medical students of diverse backgrounds be encouraged to pursue the specialty, but to do so, we must understand students' perceptions of diversity and inclusion in orthopaedics. We also currently lack knowledge about how participation in an orthopaedic clinical rotation might influence these perceptions.

Is Geographic Socioeconomic Disadvantage Associated with the Rate of THA in Medicare-aged Patients?

Background: Disparities in THA use may lead to inequitable care. Prior research has focused on disparities based on individual-level and isolated socioeconomic and demographic variables. To our knowledge, the role of composite, community-level geographic socioeconomic disadvantage has not been studied in the United States.

Knee Scooter-Related Injuries: A Survey of Foot and Ankle Orthopedic Surgeons.

Background: Knee scooters ("scooters") are a commonly used device to facilitate postoperative adherence to weightbearing restrictions. Although high rates of falls have been reported, little is known about injuries related to scooter use.

Methods: We analyzed survey responses from 316 of 2046 members (15%) of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society in May-June 2019 describing (1) frequency of scooter recommendation; (2) indications for which they recommended scooters; (3) characteristics of patients for whom they recommended scooters; (4) prevalence, anatomic locations, mechanisms, and sequelae of scooter-related injuries; and (5) characteristics of patients with scooter-related injuries.

Changes in patients' depression and anxiety associated with changes in patient-reported outcomes after spine surgery.

Objective: The authors conducted a study to analyze associations between changes in depression/anxiety before and 12 months after spine surgery, as well as changes in scores using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) at the same time points.

Methods: Preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively, the authors assessed PROMIS scores for depression, anxiety, pain, physical function, sleep disturbance, and satisfaction with participation in social roles among 206 patients undergoing spine surgery for deformity correction or degenerative disease. Patients were stratified according to preoperative/postoperative changes in depression and anxiety, which were categorized as persistent, improved, newly developed postoperatively, or absent.

Crossing the Cervicothoracic Junction in Cervical Arthrodesis Results in Lower Rates of Adjacent Segment Disease Without Affecting Operative Risks or Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the risks and benefits of crossing the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) in cervical arthrodesis.

Summary Of Background Data: Whether the CTJ should be crossed in cervical arthrodesis remains up for debate.

SRS-22r legacy scores can be accurately translated to PROMIS scores in adult spinal deformity patients.

Background Context: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) facilitates comparisons of treatment effectiveness across populations and diseases. In adult spinal deformity (ASD), the disease-specific Scoliosis Research Society-22r (SRS-22r) tool assesses outcomes. Existing data must be translated to PROMIS to make comparisons.

Head-Mounted Display Use in Surgery: A Systematic Review.

We analyzed the literature to determine (1) the surgically relevant applications for which head-mounted display (HMD) use is reported; (2) the types of HMD most commonly reported; and (3) the surgical specialties in which HMD use is reported. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched through August 27, 2017, for publications describing HMD use during surgically relevant applications. We identified 120 relevant English-language, non-opinion publications for inclusion.

Evaluation of non-invasive multispectral imaging as a tool for measuring the effect of systemic therapy in Kaposi sarcoma.

Diffuse multi-spectral imaging has been evaluated as a potential non-invasive marker of tumor response. Multi-spectral images of Kaposi sarcoma skin lesions were taken over the course of treatment, and blood volume and oxygenation concentration maps were obtained through principal component analysis (PCA) of the data. These images were compared with clinical and pathological responses determined by conventional means.