Different Expression Pattern of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor GPER1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal carcinoma is a male-dominant malignancy worldwide, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) shows more significant sex bias than esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in morbidity and mortality. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is involved in several sex-related cancers; however, its expression level in esophageal carcinoma has been poorly investigated and its role is not precisely defined, depending on histological types. In the present study, the mRNA levels of GPER1 in esophageal carcinoma were collected from GEPIA and Oncomine databases for meta-analyses.

Inducible knockout of syncytin-a leads to poor placental glucose transport in mice.

Introduction: Cell-cell fusion of cytotrophoblasts into the syncytiotrophoblast layer is a key process in placental development. Syncytin, an endogenous retroviral envelope protein, is expressed in placental trophoblasts and specifically mediates syncytiotrophoblast layer formation. Syncytin deficiency has been observed in fetal growth-restricted placentas.

Percutaneous Egression: What Do We Know?

Background: The process by which drugs leave the bloodstream to enter the skin compartments is important in determining appropriate routes of delivery and developing more efficacious medications. We conducted a general literature review on percutaneous egression mechanisms.

Summary: Studies demonstrate that the stratum corneum (SC) is a compartment for systemically delivered drugs.

Development and Initial Validation of a Novel System to Assess Ichthyosis Severity.

Importance: A comprehensive, user-friendly system to assess global ichthyosis disease burden is imperative to improving the care of patients with ichthyosis, identifying appropriate participants for clinical trials, and quantifying treatment outcomes. To our knowledge, there is currently no validated scale to objectively and systematically measure ichthyosis severity across the entire body.

Objective: To create and evaluate a comprehensive and user-friendly instrument to measure total body ichthyosis severity in adults and children.

The Genomic and Phenotypic Landscape of Ichthyosis: An Analysis of 1000 Kindreds.

Importance: Ichthyoses are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by scaly skin. Despite decades of investigation identifying pathogenic variants in more than 50 genes, clear genotype-phenotype associations have been difficult to establish.

Objective: To expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectra of ichthyosis and delineate genotype-phenotype associations.

COVID-19 Vaccines and the Skin: The Landscape of Cutaneous Vaccine Reactions Worldwide.

In 2021, we entered a new phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. As mass vaccinations are underway and more vaccines are approved, it is important to recognize cutaneous adverse events. We review the dermatologic manifestations of COVID-19 vaccines as reported in clinical trial data and summarize additional observational reports of skin reactions to COVID-19 vaccines.

How Coronavirus Disease 2019 Changed Dermatology Practice in 1 Year Around the World: Perspectives from 11 Countries.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) brought the world to its knees. As each nation grappled with launching an effective response while simultaneously minimizing repercussions on health care systems, economies, and societies, the medical and scientific landscape shifted forever. In particular, COVID-19 has challenged and transformed the field of dermatology and the way we practice.

Hair and skin predict cardiomyopathies: Carvajal and erythrokeratodermia cardiomyopathy syndromes.

Carvajal and erythrokeratodermia cardiomyopathy syndromes (EKC) are rare, inherited cardiocutaneous disorders with potentially fatal consequences in young children. Some patients display features of congestive heart failure and rapidly deteriorate; others exhibit no evident warning signs until sudden death reveals underlying heart disease. We present two patients to illustrate the characteristic hair, skin, teeth, and nail abnormalities, which-especially when distinct from that of other family members-should prompt cardiac evaluation and genetic analysis.

Treatment of MEK inhibitor-induced paronychia with doxycycline.

A 12-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis type 1 and a large facial plexiform neurofibroma had been participating in a selumetinib clinical trial for the past 5 years. Despite decreased tumor size, she developed recalcitrant selumetinib-induced paronychia. Various antibiotics, topical medications, and surgeries were only minimally effective.

Clues to primary vismodegib resistance lie in histology and genetics.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignant neoplasm. However, there are multiple BCC subtypes that share clinical features while demanding different management. We present a case of a woman with hundreds of BCCs throughout her body that were resistant to vismodegib and without other features of basal cell nevus syndrome.

Non-accidental harms ('abuse') in athletes with impairment ('para athletes'): a state-of-the-art review.

Objective: Para athletes reap significant health benefits from sport but are vulnerable to non-accidental harms. Little is known about the types and impacts of non-accidental harms Para athletes face. In this literature review, we summarise current knowledge and suggest priorities for future research related to non-accidental harms in Para athletes.

Approaches to Predicting Outcomes in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.

Despite recognition that Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) leads to substantial increases in morbidity, mortality, and length of stay, accurate prognostication of these clinical events remains difficult. It remains unclear which approaches to variable selection and model building are most robust. We used data from a randomized trial of AKI alerting to develop time-updated prognostic models using stepwise regression compared to more advanced variable selection techniques.

Comparisons of Cocaine-Only, Opioid-Only, and Users of Both Substances in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).

Background: Cocaine and opioid co-use is a notable public health concern, but little is known about correlates of this behavior. Most prior findings come from treatment samples and concern cocaine and heroin. Findings from a nationally representative sample involving primarily prescription opioid misuse would expand knowledge.

The potential and challenges of using stem cells for cardiovascular repair and regeneration.

Recent progress in using stem cells for tissue repair and functional restoration has aroused much attention due to its potential to provide a cue for many diseases such as myocardial infarction. Stem cell therapy for cardiovascular disease has been studied extensively at both experimental and clinical levels. Pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells were proven to be effective for myocardial regeneration, angiogenesis, and cardiac functional restoration.