Cancer Incidence and Mortality Across 43 Cancer Registries in India.

Importance: Cancer is a significant global health concern, with India ranking second in Asia and third in the world in terms of cancer incidence. Regular monitoring and updates on cancer statistics are vital for assessing the impact and burden of the disease and the effectiveness of cancer control measures.

Objective: To measure the recent patterns and trends in cancer incidence and mortality across 43 geographic regions in India from 2015 to 2019 and to provide estimates for 2024.

Study of association and diagnostic utility of novel anthropometric and lipid indices for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A hospital-based study.

Context: Given the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) of 25% and an expected prevalence of 55.4% by 2040 and its associated complications, it is essential to prioritize large-scale screening programs in the general population.

Objectives: 1.

3D-Printed Perfusable Lab-on-a-Chip-Based Engineering of MSC-Derived Exosome-Enriched Vascularized Grafts for Skin Regeneration.

Perfusable and functional vascularization is a critical yet unresolved challenge in regenerative medicine, particularly for large tissue constructs where passive diffusion of oxygen and nutrients is insufficient to sustain cellular viability. Without stable microvascular networks, engineered tissues often fail to survive or integrate following implantation, making vascularization a key determinant of clinical success. Conventional strategies─including growth factor supplementation, gene therapy, and endothelial coculture─have demonstrated limited efficacy due to inadequate vasculogenic signaling and compromised cell viability in the engineered niche.

Supramolecular π-π Interactions Achieve High Loading and Provide pH-Dependent Controlled Release of Lapatinib from Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocarriers.

Pharmacokinetic limitations of lapatinib (LPT) often result in low patient compliance and premature therapeutic discontinuation. Complex, long-acting formulations of the LPT are also challenging to develop due to the high crystallinity of the drug, limiting its solubility even in lipidic media. This manifests in the low loading of LPT reported for most of the attempted advanced delivery systems, whereas a few high-loading formulations have shown very fast release.

CdZnS nanoparticles-protein corona: Kinetics and temperature dependent interaction along with detection of the denaturation and unfolding of serum albumin.

In this study, the interaction and corona formation of HSA with nanostructured CdZnS have been analysed through microscopic, spectroscopic and structural investigations. Binding kinetics showed corona formation time for CdS NRs, CdZnS NPs and ZnS NPs are 60,45,70 min, respectively. The observed time for surface reorganization (85,130,110 min) was greater than corona formation time (60, 45, 70 min, respectively).

Establishing a System for Medical Certification of Cause of Death for Noninstitutional Deaths in a Selected Area of Kolar District, Karnataka, India: Protocol for a Population-Based Feasibility and Validation Study.

Background: Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCD) coverage in India is only 22.5%, largely due to a significant proportion of deaths occurring outside hospitals (noninstitutional deaths). The cause of death (CoD) in such cases is unlikely to be certified by any doctor.

1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Bridged 3,5-Dinitropyrazoles: Powerful Alliance toward High Performance and High Thermal Stability.

The ever-increasing demand for heat-resistant energetic materials in deep mining and space exploration has led to significant interest in developing new materials with exceptional thermal stability and detonation performance. In this work, a novel heat-resistant energetic compound, 2,5-bis(3,5-dinitro-1-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (), was achieved through a simple and straightforward method where two 3,5-dinitropyrazole moieties are linked through a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring. Compound , a symmetrical conjugated molecule, demonstrates superior thermal stability ( = 325 °C), good energetic performance ( = 8464 m s), and improved physical stability (IS = 7.

Luminescent ultrashort peptide hydrogelator with enhanced photophysical implications and biocompatibility.

Luminescent peptide hydrogelators have garnered significant attention in biomedical sciences and materials chemistry due to their biological relevance and tunable photophysical features. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a novel ultrashort peptide hydrogelator comprising a tripeptide sequence (FFE) integrated with 1,8-naphthalimide (NI) as an aggregation-induced emissive unit having rich and tuneable photophysical properties. The hydrogelator could self-assemble and form a self-supporting hydrogel having a highly ordered intertwined network structure at pH 5.

Exploration of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria of invasive plant Xanthium strumarium L. reveals their potential in plant growth promotion and bacterial wilt suppression.

Plant-associated microbiome plays important role in maintaining overall health of the host plant. Xanthium strumarium displaying resilience to various environmental fluctuations may harbor some bacterial isolates which can help this plant to grow worldwide. The present study aims to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from X.

Engineering of Cd Zn S Nanomaterials for Fabrication of Hybrid Cd Zn S/Si Heterojunction Broadband Photo Detectors.

Effective engineering of nanostructured materials provides a scope to explore the underlying photoelectric phenomenon completely. A simple cost-effective chemical reduction route is taken to grow nanoparticles of Cd Zn S with varying = 1, 0.7, 0.

A Catalogue of Indian Hydrophiloidea (Insecta: Coleoptera).

This catalogue lists 286 valid species included in 49 genera and six families of the superfamily Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera), recorded from India. The family Helophoridae accommodates eight species (one genus), Epimetopidae five species (one genus), Georissidae seven species (one genus), Hydrochidae four species (one genus), Spercheidae two species (one genus), and Hydrophilidae 260 species (44 genera). Of these, 113 species are apparently endemic to India.

Biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic attributes to drive nanoformulations of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Buoyed by the discovery of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (smTKIs), significant impact has been made in cancer chemotherapeutics. However, some of these agents still encounter off-target toxicities and suboptimal efficacies due to their inferior biopharmaceutical and/or pharmacokinetic properties. Almost all of these molecules exhibit significant inter- and intra-patient variations in plasma concentration-time profiles.

Engaging Two Anions with Single Cation in Energetic Salts: Approach for Optimization of Oxygen Balance in Energetic Materials.

The field of high energy density materials faces a long-standing challenge to achieve an optimum balance between energy and stability. While energetic salt formation via a combination of oxygen- and nitrogen-rich anions (providing energy) with nitrogen-containing cations (providing stability) has been a proven approach for improving physical stability, constraints such as lowering density and energetic performance remain unresolved. This can be addressed by utilizing oxygen-containing cations for salt formation.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Iris Segmentation on Benchmarking Datasets.

Iris is one of the most widely used biometric modalities because of its uniqueness, high matching performance, and inherently secure nature. Iris segmentation is an essential preliminary step for iris-based biometric authentication. The authentication accuracy is directly connected with the iris segmentation accuracy.

Systematic Synthesis of Thermally Stable Zwitterionic Energetic Materials Based on 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyrazole.

4-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyrazole (HODNP) was investigated as a precursor for synthesizing two thermally stable, insensitive zwitterionic energetic materials. The ability of the hydroxy functionality to carry negative charge was leveraged and further covalently bonded with two positively charged moieties (3,4-diamino-1,2,4-triazole and acetimidamide) via N-functionalization to form zwitterions and . Structural characterization and a study of the energetic performance were carried out.

Calcineurin inhibition enhances lifespan by defecation defects-mediated calorie restriction and nuclear hormone signaling.

Calcineurin is a highly conserved calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase with diverse functions. Inhibition of calcineurin is known to enhance the lifespan of through multiple signaling pathways. Aiming to study the role of calcineurin in regulating innate immunity, we discover that calcineurin is required for the rhythmic defecation motor program (DMP) in .

-Methylene-C-linked nitropyrazoles and 1,2,4-triazol-3-one: thermally stable energetic materials with reduced sensitivity.

Recently, there has been a surge in research focusing on triazolone-based energetic materials, propelled by their remarkable properties such as good detonation performance as well as acceptable thermal and physical stability. In this work, a novel combination of the triazolone framework with dinitropyrazoles has been attained using the -methylene-C-linked approach. Different substituents (NH, NO, N, OH) were utilized on the dinitropyrazole moiety to obtain neutral energetic compounds 3-5 and 8.

Transformation trajectory of wetland and suitability of migratory water bird habitat in the moribund Ganges delta.

Wetland is a suitable habitat for water birds, and it enhances cultural ecosystem services. But the rapid transformation of such habitat, especially in floodplain environments, is an emerging crisis. Wetland reclamation and fragmentation are two major issues leading to poor habitat and landscape.

A transformative solution to build effective, transparent, and resilient "fit-for-purpose" national health research ethics systems.

The current research ethics review systems are composed of isolated institutional Research Ethics Committees (RECs) that develop their own standard operating procedures (SOPs), templates and so on, with low adoption of digital solutions to manage submission and review processes. This poses several challenges, such as delays, higher costs, and hindering multi-site research. We propose an online national research ethics platform that all RECs can use, with common review processes and documentation requirements following national policy.

Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of Dioscorea bulbifera: A Comprehensive Review.

Dioscorea bulbifera (Family: Dioscoreaceae) also referred to as 'Air potato,' carries significant importance in the traditional medicine of China, West Africa and India. It is a common ingredient in numerous herbals and Ayurvedic formulations used to treat a variety of ailments. The literature review extensively examined the historical usage, phytoconstituents, characterisation of phytoconstituents, and medicinal uses of tubers, leaves, rhizomes and bulbils, with a particular focus on comparing research findings.

Physiological Responses to Acute Heat Stress in Rohu, Labeo rohita: Insights from Liver Proteomics.

Heat stress is a major problem in aquaculture species, causing changes in physiology such as decreased feed intake, growth rate, reproduction, and internal cellular damage, thereby affecting fish's health. The effects of an acute heat stress simulating a daily rise and fall in temperature on summer days were evaluated in the liver proteome of rohu (Labeo rohita) fingerlings in the present study. The fish maintained at 30 °C were gradually exposed to a higher temperature of 36 °C at an increment rate of 1 °C per 1.

Quantum dot-protein interface: Interaction of the CdS quantum dot with human hemoglobin for the study of the energy transfer process and binding mechanism along with detection of the unfolding of hemoglobin.

In this study, the interaction of the human hemoglobin with cost effective and chemically fabricated CdS quantum dots (QDs) (average sizes ≈3nm) has been investigated. The semiconductor QDs showed maximum visible absorption at 445 nm with excitonic formation and band gap of ≈ 2.88 eV along with hexagonal crystalline phase.

District-level epidemiology and sociodemographic determinants of noncommunicable diseases - results the National Family Health Survey -5 (2019-21).

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of adult mortality in India. However, the data regarding the prevalence of NCD risk factors at district level is scarce. This study aims to analyse and map NCD risk factors at the state and district levels, exploring sociodemographic influences on these risks in Indian males and females.

Isoniazid resistance in Rifampicin sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents.

Background: Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF) are two crucial drugs used in antitubercular therapy. INH is known for its potent bactericidal effects and has a relatively higher prevalence of resistance compared to RIF. However, RIF resistance has been the subject of more extensive research.