Cyberbullying, mental health, and substance use experimentation among early adolescents: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although cyberbullying has been linked with adverse health outcomes, most prior studies have been cross-sectional, and there are limited large-scale, prospective analyses examining cyberbullying and mental health and substance use outcomes in early adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prospective associations between cyberbullying, mental health, and substance use experimentation one year later in a US national cohort of early adolescents (11-12 years old).

Methods: We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2, N = 9799).

Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms During Early Adolescence.

Importance: In 2023, the US Surgeon General issued the Advisory on Social Media and Youth Mental Health, identifying critical research gaps that preclude evidence-based guidance given that most studies of social media and mental health have been cross-sectional rather than longitudinal and have focused on young adults or older adolescents rather than on younger adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal associations between social media use (time spent on social media) and depressive symptoms across 4 annual waves spanning a 3-year follow-up period from late childhood to early adolescence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this prospective cohort study using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study across 21 study sites from October 2016 to October 2018, children aged 9 to 10 years at baseline were assessed across 4 waves (baseline, year 1, year 2, and year 3), with year-3 follow-up through 2022.

Sleep and binge eating in early adolescents: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: To determine the prospective associations between sleep disturbance and binge-eating disorder and behaviors in a national sample of early adolescents in the United States (US).

Methods: We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 9428). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between several sleep variables (e.

Diamond nanoneedles for biosensing.

Nanoparticles and nanomaterials are revolutionizing medicine by offering diverse tools for diagnosis and therapy, including devices, contrast agents, drug delivery systems, adjuvants, therapeutics, and theragnostic agents. Realizing full applied potential requires a deep understanding of the interactions of nano dimensional objects with biological cells. In this study, we investigate interaction of single-crystal diamond nanoneedles (SCDNNs) containing silicon vacancy (SiV) color centers with biological substances.

Cyberbullying Victimization Among Transgender and Gender-Questioning Early Adolescents.

Objective: To determine the association between transgender or gender-questioning identity and cyberbullying victimization in a diverse national sample of early adolescents in the United States.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (year 3, 2019-2021, 11-14 years old, 48.8% female, 47.

Transgender Identity and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms: Findings From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine associations between identifying as transgender and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in US early adolescents.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Year 3, 2019-2021) to estimate associations between gender identity and ADHD symptoms using the Child Behavior Checklist Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-oriented attention problem scale scores, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, parent education, household income, and study site. Additional models adjusted for stress problems and depression symptoms.

Gender Identity Disparities in Early Adolescent Sleep: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Our aim was to examine associations between transgender identity and sleep disturbance in a demographically diverse, national sample of U.S. early adolescents.

Social epidemiology of online dating in U.S. early adolescents.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic associations of online dating in a demographically diverse U.S. national cohort of early adolescents.

Screen use in transgender and gender-questioning adolescents: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Objective: To assess the association between transgender or gender-questioning identity and screen use (recreational screen time and problematic screen use) in a demographically diverse national sample of early adolescents in the U.S.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from Year 3 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study®, N = 9859, 2019-2021, mostly 12-13-years-old).

Unraveling Eumelanin Radical Formation by Nanodiamond Optical Relaxometry in a Living Cell.

Defect centers in a nanodiamond (ND) allow the detection of tiny magnetic fields in their direct surroundings, rendering them as an emerging tool for nanoscale sensing applications. Eumelanin, an abundant pigment, plays an important role in biology and material science. Here, for the first time, we evaluate the comproportionation reaction in eumelanin by detecting and quantifying semiquinone radicals through the nitrogen-vacancy color center.

Sociodemographic Associations With Blood Pressure in 10-14-Year-Old Adolescents.

Purpose: To determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and blood pressure among a demographically diverse population-based sample of 10-14-year-old US adolescents.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional analyses of data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 4,466), year two (2018-2020). Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics (sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, household income, and parental education) with blood pressure among early adolescents.

Detection of Few Hydrogen Peroxide Molecules Using Self-Reporting Fluorescent Nanodiamond Quantum Sensors.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) plays an important role in various signal transduction pathways and regulates important cellular processes. However, monitoring and quantitatively assessing the distribution of HO molecules inside living cells requires a nanoscale sensor with molecular-level sensitivity. Herein, we show the first demonstration of sub-10 nm-sized fluorescent nanodiamonds (NDs) as catalysts for the decomposition of HO and the production of radical intermediates at the nanoscale.

Anti-diabetic Potential of a Stigmasterol From the Seaweed and Its Application in the Formulation of Nanoemulsion Conjugate for the Development of Functional Biscuits.

The seaweed was selected for the extraction of phytosterol by the Soxhlet method. The extracted phytosterol was chemically characterized as stigmasterol using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activity of stigmasterol has been confirmed by assays.

Nanodiamond Theranostic for Light-Controlled Intracellular Heating and Nanoscale Temperature Sensing.

Temperature is an essential parameter in all biological systems, but information about the actual temperature in living cells is limited. Especially, in photothermal therapy, local intracellular temperature changes induce cell death but the local temperature gradients are not known. Highly sensitive nanothermometers would be required to measure and report local temperature changes independent of the intracellular environment, including pH or ions.

Engineering preferentially-aligned nitrogen-vacancy centre ensembles in CVD grown diamond.

Here we report a method for improving the magnetic field sensitivity of an ensemble of Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centres in C-enriched diamond aligned along the [111] crystal axis. The preferentially-aligned NV centres are fabricated by a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD) process and their concentration is quantitatively determined by analysing the confocal microscopy images. We further observe that annealing the samples at high temperature (1500 °C) in vacuum leads to a conversion of substitutional nitrogen into NV centres.