Dual RNA-seq reveals the global transcriptome of Phytoplasma and Sesame ( L.) shoot apical meristem during phyllody development.

Unlabelled: Sesame ( L.), a significant oilseed crop, is highly valued for its rich oil content and the remarkable stability of its oil. Sesame production faces numerous harvest and post-harvest challenges including vulnerability to biotic infections.

Comparative Analysis of Panicker's Vacuum Suction Hemostatic Device Versus the Chhattisgarh Balloon Tamponade in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage at a Tertiary Health Facility in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Introduction: Etiologies of postpartum hemorrhage vary widely and most commonly include uterine atony and placental site bleeding. The Chhattisgarh balloon tamponade applies positive pressure to the intrauterine myometrial wall and compresses the placental bed within the endometrial lining to stop postpartum hemorrhage. In contrast, Panicker's vacuum suction hemostatic device is used to perform vacuum retraction of the uterus.

Elucidating photocycle in large Stokes shift red fluorescent proteins: Focus on mKeima.

Large Stokes shift red fluorescent proteins (LSS-RFPs) are genetically encoded and exhibit a significant difference of a few hundreds of nanometers between their excitation and emission peak maxima (i.e., the Stokes shift).

Vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct haemolysin induces non-classical programmed cell death despite caspase activation.

Thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) is the key virulence factor secreted by the human gastroenteric bacterial pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus. TDH is a membrane-damaging pore-forming toxin. It evokes potent cytotoxicity, the mechanism of which still remains under-explored.

Early and Effective Diagnosis of Sepsis Using Flow Cytometry.

 Sepsis is a major global health issue due to its high death and morbidity rates. To avoid the negative effects of sepsis and decrease mortality, it is vital to diagnose and treat it as soon as possible. Blood cultures can take up to 2 days to give result, and they are not always reliable.

Unveiling the Role of Hidden Isomers in Large Stokes Shift in mKeima: Harnessing pH-Sensitive Dual-Emission in Bioimaging.

Elucidating the origin of large Stokes shift (LSS) in certain fluorescent proteins absorbing in blue/blue-green and emitting in red/far-red has been quite illusive. Using a combination of spectroscopic measurements, corroborated by theoretical calculations, the presence of four distinct forms of the chromophore of the red fluorescent protein mKeima is confirmed, two of which are found to be emissive: a feeble bluish-green fluorescence (∼520 nm), which is enhanced appreciably in a low pH or deuterated medium but significantly at cryogenic temperatures, and a strong emission in red (∼615 nm). Using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, the trans-protonated form is found to isomerize within hundreds of femtoseconds to the cis-protonated form, which further yields the cis-deprotonated form within picoseconds followed by structural reorganization of the local environment of the chromophore.

Histological Spectrum of Post Covid Debridement Tissues: Salient Histomorphological Features With Respect to Identification Fungal Elements.

Background: Secondary bacterial and fungal infections in COVID patients have been documented during current pandemic. The present study provides detailed account of histomorphology of debridement tissue received for suspected fungal infections. The primary objective was to determine the morphological characteristics that must be recognized for the identification of fungal hyphae.

Pore formation-independent cell death induced by a β-barrel pore-forming toxin.

Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (VCC) is a β-barrel pore-forming toxin (β-PFT). It exhibits potent hemolytic activity against erythrocytes that appears to be a direct outcome of its pore-forming functionality. However, VCC-mediated cell-killing mechanism is more complicated in the case of nucleated mammalian cells.

Comparative DNA Methylome of Phytoplasma Associated Retrograde Metamorphosis in Sesame ( L.).

Phytoplasma-associated diseases such as phyllody and little leaf are critical threats to sesame cultivation worldwide. The mechanism of the dramatic conversion of flowers to leafy structures leading to yield losses and the drastic reduction in leaf size due to Phytoplasma infection remains yet to be identified. Cytosine methylation profiles of healthy and infected sesame plants studied using Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) and Quantitative analysis of DNA methylation with the real-time PCR (qAMP) technique revealed altered DNA methylation patterns upon infection.

Current Perspective on the Membrane-Damaging Action of Thermostable Direct Hemolysin, an Atypical Bacterial Pore-forming Toxin.

Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) is the major virulence determinant of the gastroenteric bacterial pathogen . TDH is a membrane-damaging pore-forming toxin (PFT). TDH shares remarkable structural similarity with the actinoporin family of eukaryotic PFTs produced by the sea anemones.

Pore-forming toxins in infection and immunity.

The integrity of the plasma membranes is extremely crucial for the survival and proper functioning of the cells. Organisms from all kingdoms of life employ specialized pore-forming proteins and toxins (PFPs and PFTs) that perforate cell membranes, and cause detrimental effects. PFPs/PFTs exert their damaging actions by forming oligomeric pores in the membrane lipid bilayer.

Sequence Diversity in the Pore-Forming Motifs of the Membrane-Damaging Protein Toxins.

Pore-forming proteins/toxins (PFPs/PFTs) are the distinct class of membrane-damaging proteins. They act by forming oligomeric pores in the plasma membranes. PFTs and PFPs from diverse organisms share a common mechanism of action, in which the designated pore-forming motifs of the membrane-bound protein molecules insert into the membrane lipid bilayer to create the water-filled pores.

N-Terminal Region of Thermostable Direct Hemolysin Regulates the Membrane-Damaging Action of the Toxin.

Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) of is a membrane-damaging pore-forming toxin with potent cytolytic/cytotoxic activity. TDH exists as a tetramer consisting of protomers with a core β-sandwich domain, flanked by an 11-amino acid long N-terminal region (NTR). This NTR could not be modeled in the previously determined crystal structure of TDH.

Structural Basis and Functional Implications of the Membrane Pore-Formation Mechanisms of Bacterial Pore-Forming Toxins.

Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are a distinct class of membrane-damaging protein toxins documented in a wide array of life forms ranging from bacteria to humans. PFTs are known to act as potent virulence factors of the bacterial pathogens. Bacterial PFTs are, in general, secreted as water-soluble molecules, which upon encountering target host cells assemble into transmembrane oligomeric pores, thus leading to membrane permeabilization and cell death.

Diagnostic accuracy of spot albumin creatinine ratio and its association with fetomaternal outcome in preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. Proteinuria is one of the common and important features of preeclampsia. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in woman with preeclampsia and eclampsia and examine the association between ACR and fetomaternal outcome.

The rs2070895 (-250G/A) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Hepatic Lipase (HL) Gene and the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in North Indian Population: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in lipid transport genes have been shown to be associated with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The Hepatic Lipase (HL)glycoprotein is a key component that catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides and phospholipids in all major classes of lipoproteins.

Aim: We studied whether the HL gene-250G/A polymorphism affect blood lipid level and the CAD in a North Indian population.

Demographic risk factors, affected anatomical sites and clinicopathological profile for oral squamous cell carcinoma in a north Indian population.

Background: Oral cancer is a common form of cancer in India, particularly among men. About 95% are squamous cell carcinomas. Tobacco along with alcohol are regarded as the major risk factors.

The correlation of routine tear function tests and conjunctival impression cytology in dry eye syndrome.

Purpose: To establish the strength of the association between routine tear function tests and conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) and to determine whether they simulate the morphological and cytological changes that occur on the ocular surface in dry eye. What are the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values of these tests when CIC is considered the gold standard?

Methods: The tear film profile included tear film break up time (TBUT), Schirmer's-1, Rose Bengal scores (RBS), and impression cytology. CIC samples were obtained from the inferior bulbar conjunctiva and stained with periodic acid-Schiff and counter stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Oral contraceptive pills decrease pulmonary airway resistance in healthy north Indian women.

Objectives: Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are hormonal pills used by females to prevent conception; they are a combination of estrogen and progestin. There is, however, compelling evidence that throughout the reproductive life of a woman, her airways are subject to the influence of the cyclical variations in sex hormones which occur in relation to circadian rhythms. The present study has been designed to investigate the effects of OCPs on airway resistance in terms of spirometric parameters in OCP users and nonusers.