Genetic Relatedness Among Isolated from Cattle, Fish, and Humans.

is well recognized to cause a variety of infections in many animal species and humans. We aimed to investigate genetic relatedness of strains isolated from humans and animal origins, including cattle and fish, using capsular gene typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing techniques. Our results revealed that strains with capsular type Ia and ST103 were observed from all bovine isolates (17/17) and one human isolate (1/5).

Characterization of Erythromycin and Tetracycline Resistance Genes of Streptococcus gallolyticus Subspecies pasteurianus Strains Isolated from Patients with Septicemia and Bacteremia in Thailand.

Background: Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies (subsp.) pasteurianus, previously known as Streptococcus bovis biotype II/2, has been described as a causative agent of endocarditis, neonatal sepsis, meningitis, bacteremia, and colorectal carcinoma in humans. The aim of this study was to characterize the erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes of S.

Occurrence and characterization of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pig industries of northern Thailand.

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in pigs, farm workers, and the environment in northern Thailand, and to assess LA-MRSA isolate phenotypic characteristics. One hundred and four pig farms were randomly selected from the 21,152 in Chiang Mai and Lamphun provinces in 2012. Nasal and skin swab samples were collected from pigs and farm workers.

Serotype- and virulence-associated gene profile of Streptococcus suis isolates from pig carcasses in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand.

In this present study, the serotype of 40 Streptococcus suis isolates from submaxillary glands of pig carcasses sold in wet markets in Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand, was investigated. Eleven serotypes, including types 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 17, 21, 22 and 31, were found in the isolates by a Multiplex PCR combined with serum agglutination. Of the eleven serotypes present, type 3 was the most prevalent, while types 2, 4, 5 and 21 were of primary interest due to their human isolate serotype.

Latest developments on Streptococcus suis: an emerging zoonotic pathogen: part 2.

First International Workshop on Streptococcus suis, Beijing, China, 12-13 August 2013. This second and final chapter of the report on the First International Workshop on Streptococcus suis follows on from Part 1, published in the April 2014, volume 9, issue 4 of Future Microbiology. S.

Latest developments on Streptococcus suis: an emerging zoonotic pathogen: part 1.

First International Workshop on Streptococcus suis, Beijing, China, 12-13 August 2013 The first international workshop on Streptococcus suis, which is an important swine pathogen and emerging zoonotic agent, took place in Beijing, jointly organized by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada and the National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC. The aim of the meeting was to gather together, for the first time, more than 80 researchers working on S. suis, from countries including China, Canada, Japan, The Netherlands, Germany, Thailand, the UK and Vietnam.

Correlation between PFGE Groups and mrp/epf/sly Genotypes of Human Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 in Northern Thailand.

Streptococcus suis infection is a severe zoonotic disease commonly found in Northern Thailand where people often consume raw pork and/or pig's blood. The most frequent clinical presentations are meningitis, sepsis, and endocarditis with higher rate of mortality and hearing loss sequelae. To clarify the correlation between pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) groups and mrp/epf/sly genotypes of S.

Detection of environmental sources of Histoplasma capsulatum in Chiang Mai, Thailand, by nested PCR.

Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by inhaling spores of Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus. This fungus grows in soil contaminated with bat and avian excreta. Each year, patients with disseminated histoplasmosis have been diagnosed in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand.

Postmortem diagnosis of sudden unexpected death from Streptococcus suis type 2 infection: a case report.

Streptococcus suis causes meningitis, septicemia, arthritis, endocarditis and death in both pigs and humans. Sudden death is rarely documented in the forensic field and almost all cases were diagnosed pre-mortem. Here we report a 49-year-old man who died from S.

Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial pneumonia in tertiary care hospitals in Thailand.

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the common causative pathogens in NP. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance in A.

Phenotypic and PCR-based identification of bacterial strains isolated from patients with suspected streptococcus suis infection in northern Thailand.

Twenty bacterial strains isolated from the blood of patients with suspected Streptococcus suis infection based on clinical symptoms in northern Thailand between 2009 and 2010 were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic identification. Commercial identification kits and a PCR-based assay targeting the S. suis-specific 16S rDNA sequence correctly identified S.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST9 in pigs in Thailand.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial and community-associated pathogen. Recently, livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) has emerged and disseminated in Europe and North America and now constitutes a considerable zoonotic burden in humans with risk factors of pig exposure, whereas the extent of the livestock reservoir is relatively unknown on other continents.

Methodology/principal Findings: From March through April 2011, MRSA was identified in pigs from 3 out of 30 production holdings in Chang Mai Province, Thailand.

Lineage and virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 isolates from North America.

We performed multilocus sequence typing of 64 North American Streptococcus suis serotype 2 porcine isolates. Strains were sequence type (ST) 28 (51%), ST25 (44%), and ST1 (5%). We identified nonrandom associations between STs and expression of the virulence markers suilysin (SLY), muramidase-relased protein (MRP), and extracellular factor (EF).

Clinical study concerning the relationship between community-acquired pneumonia and viral infection in northern Thailand.

Objective: The etiological agents associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Thailand have been studied extensively in bacterial pathogens, but not in viral pathogens. To clarify the association of viral pathogens with CAP, we conducted a comprehensive study of viral and bacterial pathogens in patients with CAP.

Methods: We enrolled 119 hospitalized patients with CAP in Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand between 2006 and 2008.

Incidence and presence of virulence factors of Streptococcus suis infection in slaughtered pigs from Chiang Mai, Thailand.

This study was designed to determine the incidence of Streptococcus suis infection in slaughtered pigs raised in industrial facility and backyard system in Chiang Mai City, Thailand. A total of 90 tonsils and submaxillary salivary gland/lymph node samples from slaughtered pigs raised in industrial facility and 122 samples from slaughtered pigs raised in backyard system were collected. Isolation and identification of S.

Application of a non-species dependent ELISA for the detection of antibodies in sera of Burkholderia pseudomallei-immunized goats.

A modified, non-species dependent ELISA was performed to detect antibodies in sera of Burkholderia pseudomallei-immunized goats using protein G- or protein A-peroxidase conjugates. The rise of antibody titers during the immunization period exhibited corresponding results by modified ELISA comparison to conventional ELISA and the IHA. Regarding the increase of antibody levels from the pre-immunized baseline to the post-immunized status, the antibody titer detected by modified ELISA was higher than IHA but lower than conventional ELISA.

Genetic organization and preferential distribution of putative pilus gene clusters in Streptococcus suis.

Recent analyses of Streptococcus suis isolates using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) suggested the importance of sequence type (ST) 1 and ST27 complexes for animal hygiene and public health. In this study, to investigate whether pilus-associated genes in S. suis can be used as novel genetic markers for important clonal groups, we examined the correlation between STs and putative pilus-associated gene profiles in S.

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in northern Thailand.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are prevalent in Thailand. However, the clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in such patients are not completely clear at present. In the present study, we analyzed the characteristics of CAP in 191 HIV-infected patients (192 episodes, 130 males and 61 females, mean age 32.

Allelic variation and prevalence of serum opacity factor among the Streptococcus suis population.

Serum opacity factor of Streptococcus suis (OFS) has recently been identified as a virulence determinant of an S. suis strain. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and variations of the ofs gene among 108 S.

Streptococcus suis in humans, Thailand.

in Humans, Thailand

Roseomonas gilardii subsp rosea, a pink bacterium associated with bacteremia: the first case in Thailand.

Roseomonas is a pink-pigmented, non-fermentative, gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium. Human infections caused by Roseomonas are very rare. We report the first case of bacteremia associated with Roseomonas gilardii subsp rosea in Thailand.

Streptococcus suis infection: a series of 41 cases from Chiang Mai University Hospital.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome of Streptococcus suis infection in adult patients in northern Thailand, (2) to evaluate the anti-microbial sensitivity pattern and (3) to determine the predicting factors of high mortality rate.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Chiang Mai University Hospital from May 2000 to December 2002. Anti-microbial susceptibility test was performed by agar disk diffusion and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by E-test.

Cloning and characterization of a novel trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase from a nosocomial isolate of Staphylococcus aureus CM.S2 (IMCJ1454).

A novel gene, dfrG, encoding a trimethoprim (TMP)-resistant dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR, designated S3DHFR) was cloned from a clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli expressing dfrG was highly resistant to TMP. Recombinant S3DHFR exhibited DHFR activity that was not inhibited by TMP.

Serotype and PCR-fingerprints of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

From May 1999 to April 2000, serotypes of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans were studied in Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand. Three hundred and eighty-five environmental samples, of which 100 were dove droppings, 55 pigeon droppings and 230 eucalyptus flower, were collected from 7 Amphoes in Chiang Mai. C.