Cultural Adaptation of Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) Patient and Primary Care Practice Questionnaires to the Slovenian Context.

Introduction: The objective of the study is to describe the adaptation process (with emphasis on cognitive testing) of the Slovenian version of the PaRIS international survey, including two questionnaires to assess patient-reported health outcomes and the experiences of adults living with one or more chronic conditions managed in primary care settings: (1) Patient questionnaire (targets patients aged 45 and older) and (2) Provider questionnaire (targets health care providers working in primary care).

Methods: The translation process of both PaRIS questionnaires followed a team-based double translation and reconciliation approach. Cognitive interviewing with 29 participants was performed.

Innovations in primary healthcare in Slovenia 2011-2020: Exploring the stepwise process behind effective implementation.

Countries worldwide seek to strengthen their primary healthcare systems often through introducing health promotion and disease prevention, multidisciplinary teams, group practices and community approaches to advance universal health coverage. These strategies are underpinned by scientific evidence and international standards. Slovenia's primary healthcare system reflects many of these features, with universally accessible, multidisciplinary, and integrated health services, emphasizing health promotion, disease prevention, and equity.

A comparison of social prescribing approaches across twelve high-income countries.

Background: Social prescribing connects patients with community resources to improve their health and well-being. It is gaining momentum globally due to its potential for addressing non-medical causes of illness while building on existing resources and enhancing overall health at a relatively low cost. The COVID-19 pandemic further underscored the need for policy interventions to address health-related social issues such as loneliness and isolation.

Slovenia: Health System Review.

This analysis of the Slovene health system reviews recent developments in organization and governance, health financing, health care provision, health reforms and health system performance. Slovenia has a statutory health insurance system with a single public insurer, providing almost universal coverage for a broad benefits package, though some services require relatively high levels of co-insurance (called co-payments in Slovenia). To cover these costs, about 95% of the population liable for cost-sharing purchases complementary, voluntary health insurance.

Strengthening the primary health care response to COVID-19: an operational tool for policymakers.

Aims: The aim of this paper is to introduce an operational checklist to serve as a tool for policymakers in the WHO European Region to strengthen primary health care (PHC) services and address the COVID-19 pandemic more effectively and to present the results from piloting the tool in Armenia.

Backgrounds: PHC has the potential to play a fundamental role in countries' responses to COVID-19. However, this potential remains unrealized in many countries.

Tackling the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial responses in 2020 in selected social health insurance countries in Europe.

Countries with social health insurance (SHI) systems display some common defining characteristics - pluralism of actors and strong medical associations - that, in dealing with crisis times, may allow for common learnings. This paper analyses health system responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in eight countries representative of SHI systems in Europe (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Switzerland). Data collection and analysis builds on the methodology and content in the COVID-19 Health System Response Monitor (HSRM) up to November 2020.

The evolution of community-based primary health care, Slovenia.

Problem: Slovenia's model of primary health care relied on reactive, episodic care and was ill-equipped to address the country's burden of disease dominated by noncommunicable diseases.

Approach: The government has developed a multidisciplinary, community-based, prevention-oriented service delivery model for primary health care. A compulsory family medicine residency programme was introduced in 2000, and from 2004 screening and control of chronic diseases were established in family medicine practices.

Health and well-being for all: an approach to accelerating progress to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in countries in the WHO European Region.

Background: Forty-three out of 53 of the WHO European Member States have set up political and institutional mechanisms to implement the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This includes governance and institutional mechanisms, engaging stakeholders, identifying targets and indicators, setting governmental and sectoral priorities for action and reporting progress regularly. Still, growing evidence suggests that there is room for advancing implementation of some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets at a higher pace in the WHO European Region.

Development of national human biomonitoring programme in Slovenia.

In Slovenia patchy human biomonitoring (HBM) data have been collected over the past three decades, mainly in areas polluted with lead, mercury or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In 2007, the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) prepared a proposal for the national HBM programme based on the initiatives and recommendations of the World Health Organisation, the International Programme on Chemical Safety and the European Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010. In the absence of national reference values we proposed an initial two year cross-sectional environmental epidemiological study aiming to establish national reference values for selected chemicals in blood of 320 subjects; i.