The Marchantia polymorpha pangenome reveals ancient mechanisms of plant adaptation to the environment.

Plant adaptation to terrestrial life started 450 million years ago and has played a major role in the evolution of life on Earth. The genetic mechanisms allowing this adaptation to a diversity of terrestrial constraints have been mostly studied by focusing on flowering plants. Here, we gathered a collection of 133 accessions of the model bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha and studied its intraspecific diversity using selection signature analyses, a genome-environment association study and a pangenome.

Prognostic relevance of exercise pulmonary hypertension: results of the multicentre PEX-NET Clinical Research Collaboration.

Background: Exercise pulmonary hypertension (PH) was defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)/cardiac output (CO) slope >3 mmHg·min·L between rest and exercise in the 2022 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society PH guidelines. However, large, multicentre studies on the prognostic relevance of exercise haemodynamics and its added value to resting haemodynamics are missing.

Patients And Methods: The PEX-NET (Pulmonary Haemodynamics during Exercise Network) registry enrolled patients who underwent clinically indicated right heart catheterisations both at rest and ergometer exercise from 23 PH centres worldwide.

The phenotypic and demographic response to the combination of copper and thermal stressors strongly varies within the ciliate species, Tetrahymena thermophila.

Copper pollution can alter biological and trophic functions. Organisms can utilise different tolerance strategies, including accumulation mechanisms (intracellular vacuoles, external chelation, etc.) to maintain themselves in copper-polluted environments.

Role of Exercise Hemodynamics in the Prediction of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in BMPR2 Mutation Carriers.

Background: Exercise hemodynamics are recommended for early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and have been suggested to be predictive of future development of PAH in high-risk populations such as BMPR2 mutation carriers. However, the optimal exercise hemodynamic screening parameter remains to be determined. Recent data suggest that pulmonary vascular distensibility (α) may serve as a useful parameter for early detection of PAH.

The macronuclear genomic landscape within .

The extent of intraspecific genomic variation is key to understanding species evolutionary history, including recent adaptive shifts. Intraspecific genomic variation remains poorly explored in eukaryotic micro-organisms, especially in the nuclear dimorphic ciliates, despite their fundamental role as laboratory model systems and their ecological importance in many ecosystems. We sequenced the macronuclear genome of 22 laboratory strains of the oligohymenophoran , a model species in both cellular biology and evolutionary ecology.

Embryonic and juvenile snakes (Natrix maura, Linnaeus 1758) compensate for high elevation hypoxia via shifts in cardiovascular physiology and metabolism.

The colonization of novel environments requires a favorable response to conditions never, or rarely, encountered in recent evolutionary history. For example, populations colonizing upslope habitats must cope with lower atmospheric pressure at elevation, and thus reduced oxygen availability. The embryo stage in oviparous organisms is particularly susceptible, given its lack of mobility and limited gas exchange via diffusion through the eggshell and membranes.

Pulsatile pulmonary artery pressure in a large animal model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Similarities and differences with human data.

A striking feature of the human pulmonary circulation is that mean (mPAP) and systolic (sPAP) pulmonary artery pressures (PAPs) are strongly related and, thus, are essentially redundant. According to the empirical formula documented under normotensive and hypertensive conditions (mPAP = 0.61 sPAP + 2 mmHg), sPAP matches ~160%mPAP on average.

Lower Statistical Support with Larger Data Sets: Insights from the Ochrophyta Radiation.

It is commonly assumed that increasing the number of characters has the potential to resolve evolutionary radiations. Here, we studied photosynthetic stramenopiles (Ochrophyta) using alignments of heterogeneous origin mitochondrion, plastid, and nucleus. Surprisingly while statistical support for the relationships between the six major Ochrophyta lineages increases when comparing the mitochondrion (6,762 sites) and plastid (21,692 sites) trees, it decreases in the nuclear (209,105 sites) tree.

Plastic cell morphology changes during dispersal.

Dispersal is the movement of organisms from one habitat to another that potentially results in gene flow. It is often plastic, allowing organisms to adjust dispersal movements depending on environmental conditions. A fundamental aim in ecology is to understand the determinants underlying dispersal and its plasticity.

Decontamination, pooling and dereplication of the 678 samples of the Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project.

Objectives: Complex algae are photosynthetic organisms resulting from eukaryote-to-eukaryote endosymbiotic-like interactions. Yet the specific lineages and mechanisms are still under debate. That is why large scale phylogenomic studies are needed.

Phenotypic plasticity through disposable genetic adaptation in ciliates.

Ciliates have an extraordinary genetic system in which each cell harbors two distinct kinds of nucleus, a transcriptionally active somatic nucleus and a quiescent germline nucleus. The latter undergoes classical, heritable genetic adaptation, while adaptation of the somatic nucleus is only short-term and thus disposable. The ecological and evolutionary relevance of this nuclear dimorphism have never been well formalized, which is surprising given the long history of using ciliates such as Tetrahymena and Paramecium as model organisms.

Broadly sampled orthologous groups of eukaryotic proteins for the phylogenetic study of plastid-bearing lineages.

Objectives: Identifying orthology relationships among sequences is essential to understand evolution, diversity of life and ancestry among organisms. To build alignments of orthologous sequences, phylogenomic pipelines often start with all-vs-all similarity searches, followed by a clustering step. For the protein clusters (orthogroups) to be as accurate as possible, proteomes of good quality are needed.

Screening for pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults carrying a mutation.

Background: Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is most commonly due to heterozygous mutations of the gene. Based on expert consensus, guidelines recommend annual screening echocardiography in asymptomatic mutation carriers. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of asymptomatic mutation carriers, assess their risk of occurrence of PAH and detect PAH at an early stage in this high-risk population.

Phylotranscriptomic evidence for pervasive ancient hybridization among Old World salamanders.

Hybridization can leave genealogical signatures in an organism's genome, originating from the parental lineages and persisting over time. This potentially confounds phylogenetic inference methods that aim to represent evolution as a strictly bifurcating tree. We apply a phylotranscriptomic approach to study the evolutionary history of, and test for inter-lineage introgression in the Salamandridae, a Holarctic salamanders group of interest in studies of toxicity and aposematism, courtship behavior, and molecular evolution.

Broccoli: Combining Phylogenetic and Network Analyses for Orthology Assignment.

Orthology assignment is a key step of comparative genomic studies, for which many bioinformatic tools have been developed. However, all gene clustering pipelines are based on the analysis of protein distances, which are subject to many artifacts. In this article, we introduce Broccoli, a user-friendly pipeline designed to infer, with high precision, orthologous groups, and pairs of proteins using a phylogeny-based approach.

Portopulmonary hypertension in the current era of pulmonary hypertension management.

Background & Aims: Long-term outcomes in portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) are poorly studied in the current era of pulmonary hypertension management. We analysed the effect of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-targeted therapies, survival and predictors of death in a large contemporary cohort of patients with PoPH.

Methods: Data from patients with PoPH consecutively enrolled in the French Pulmonary Hypertension Registry between 2007 and 2017 were collected.

A cnidarian parasite of salmon (Myxozoa: ) lacks a mitochondrial genome.

Although aerobic respiration is a hallmark of eukaryotes, a few unicellular lineages, growing in hypoxic environments, have secondarily lost this ability. In the absence of oxygen, the mitochondria of these organisms have lost all or parts of their genomes and evolved into mitochondria-related organelles (MROs). There has been debate regarding the presence of MROs in animals.

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Filling Pressure in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Usefulness of Inferior Vena Cava Measurements and 2016 EACVI/ASE Recommendations.

Context: The left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) is correlated to right atrial pressure (RAP) in heart failure. We compared diagnostic value of the inferior vena cava (IVC) measurements to the one of the 2016 echocardiographic recommendations to estimate LVFP in patients with suspected heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods: Invasive hemodynamics and echocardiography were obtained within 48 hours in 132 consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, and suspected pulmonary hypertension.

Reconstructing trait evolution in plant evo-devo studies.

Our planet is teeming with an astounding diversity of plants. In a mere single group of closely related species, tremendous diversity can be observed in their form and function - the colour of petals in flowering plants, the shape of the fronds in ferns, and the branching pattern of the gametophyte in mosses. Diversity can also be found in subtler traits, such as the resistance to pathogens or the ability to recruit symbiotic microbes from the environment.