Ethics in aquaculture: animal welfare and environmental sustainability.

In recent decades, also driven by the European Union, aquaculture has undergone significant development to meet the increasing demand for seafood products. However, the concentration of efforts and resources in the fishing industry raises complex ethical issues that have yet to be fully explored, concerning animal welfare, environmental impact, and social justice. Balancing economic interests with environmental and ethical concerns is a challenging yet crucial task to ensuring a sustainable future for aquaculture.

Informal carers' experiences with their children's care during hospitalization in Italy: Child HCAHPS results from RN4CAST@IT-Ped cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To examine informal carers' experiences during their child's hospitalization and evaluate the associations with care received and care context.

Design And Methods: What is described in this article is only a part of the larger study, RN4CAST@IT-Ped, a multicenter cross-sectional study, with multi-level data collection through convenience sampling, the Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey was used to collect data from informal carers of pediatric patients, applying the "top box" approach.

Results: Nine hospitals, 1472 nurses, and 635 children's parents were involved.

Mental Health among Italian Children and Adolescents during and after the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Professionals' Focus Group Study.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health of children and adolescents. Eight focus groups and six individual hearings were conducted to gain insights from the perspectives of 97 Italian professionals from a variety of disciplines, including child and adolescent neuropsychiatrists, pediatricians, general practitioners, social workers, psychologists, teachers, school deans, non-governmental organizations, and a researcher. Urban and rural settings were represented.

Exploring Care Left Undone in Pediatric Nursing.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between nursing care left undone in pediatrics and factors related to nursing staff characteristics and work environment.

Methods: The data of the present study were extracted from our RN4CAST@IT-Ped database, a cross-sectional observational study, which included 13 hospitals belonging to the Italian Association of Paediatric Hospitals. Through convenience sampling, nurses and pediatric nurses providing direct care in routine pediatric wards were enrolled in the study.

Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Behavior of Families in Italy: A Focus on Children and Adolescents.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed individuals' lifestyles to a great extent, particularly in Italy. Although many concerns about it have been highlighted, its impact on children and adolescents has scarcely been examined. The purpose of this study was to explore behavioral consequences and coping strategies related to the pandemic among families in Italy, by focusing on developmental ages from the caregivers' perspective, 3 weeks into quarantine.

Medicine and humanism in the time of COVID-19. Ethical choices.

The Covid-19 pandemic has been the most defining event of our era. The world of healthcare has experienced first-hand the dramatic situation of treating patients in the face of the dangers of contagion and limited resources. Difficult choices have everywhere been made alongside ethical reflection.

A qualitative study of pediatric nurses' perception of factors affecting negotiation of care in a Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Unit.

Background: The adoption of a "family centered care" (FCC) philosophy is essential for the care process and its negotiation. A better understanding of nurses' perception of factors that affect the process of negotiation could allow us to better address future interventions and to improve FCC. The purpose of our study was to investigate pediatric nurses' perception of factors that affect the process of negotiation of care with stem cell transplantation pediatric patients and their parents.

Prenatal genetic diagnosis: Fetal therapy as a possible solution to a positive test.

Background: Fetal abnormalities cause 20% of perinatal deaths. Advances in prenatal genetic and other types of screening offer great opportunities for identifying high risk pregnancies.

Methods: Through a literature search, here we summarise what are the prenatal diagnostic technique that are being used and how those techniques may allow for prenatal interventions.

Complications related to in vitro reproductive techniques support the implementation of natural procreative technologies.

Background And Aim: Infertility affects ~20% of the couples in the world. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are currently the most common treatment option for infertility. Nevertheless, ARTs may be associated with complications for mothers and/or offspring.

The effectiveness of the neonatal diagnosis-related group scheme.

The goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the neonatal diagnosis-related group scheme in patients affected by respiratory distress syndrome. The variable costs of individual patients in the same group are examined. This study uses the data of infants (N = 243) hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Gaslini Children's Hospital in Italy in 2016.

COnsensus on Pediatric Pain in the Emergency Room: the COPPER project, issued by 17 Italian scientific societies.

In the pediatric setting, management of pain in the emergency department - and even in common care - is a challenging exercise, due to the complexity of the pediatric patient, poor specific training of many physicians, and scant resources.A joint effort of several Italian societies involved in pediatrics or in pain management has led to the definition of the PIPER group and the COPPER project. By applying a modified Delphi method, the COPPER project resulted in the definition of 10 fundamental statements.

Natural small molecules as inhibitors of coronavirus lipid-dependent attachment to host cells: a possible strategy for reducing SARS-COV-2 infectivity?

Background: Viral infectivity depends on interactions between components of the host cell plasma membrane and the virus envelope. Here we review strategies that could help stem the advance of the SARS-COV-2 epidemic.

Methods And Results: We focus on the role of lipid structures, such as lipid rafts and cholesterol, involved in the process, mediated by endocytosis, by which viruses attach to and infect cells.

Totally robotic soave pull-through procedure for Hirschsprung's disease: lessons learned from 11 consecutive pediatric patients.

Introduction: Since Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) already proved to benefit from robotic surgery, we aimed at describing a wider series of patients with this rare disease who were operated on with a robotic approach.

Patients And Methods: All consecutive HSCR patients who underwent totally robotic soave pull-through (TRSPT), between October 2015 and June 2019, have been included. Ethical Committee approval was obtained.

Combined use of medically-assisted reproductive techniques: a new bioethical issue.

Background And Aim: The studies of Nobel laureate Robert Geoffrey Edwards led to the first in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in 1978. Since then, reproductive medicine has made huge advances. Methods available to sterile couples now include: purchasing oocytes and sperm, uterus surrogacy, pre-implantation or pre-natal diagnosis, embryo/fetal selection.

Non-standard approach to infants and children with megacolon: laparotomy and endorectal pull-through for diagnosis and treatment in difficult countries with low resources in a non-profit setting: return to the past Soave's ERPT.

Background: Hirschsprung's disease is an important cause of pediatric constipation with high risk of bacterial enterocolitis. Its diagnosis is histological and the suction biopsy is the gold standard. In resource-limited countries, the main diagnostic exam is the contrast enema and mini-invasive surgery lacks.

Robustness and Effectiveness of the Triage System in the Pediatric Context.

Background: The increasing use of emergency departments (EDs) potentially compromises their effectiveness and quality. The evaluation of the performance of the triage code system in a pediatric context is important because waiting time affects the quality of care for acutely ill patients.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness and robustness of the triage code system in a pediatric context and identify the determinants of waiting times for urgent and non-urgent patients.

Da Vinci Robotic Surgery in a Pediatric Hospital.

Introduction: Since the use of robotic surgery (RS) revolutionized some adult surgery procedures such as radical prostatectomy, it has been progressively and increasingly introduced in pediatric surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the Da Vinci Si HD technology impacts a pediatric public hospital and to define the use of a robotic system in pediatric surgery.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively included patients older than 6 months of age undergoing RS or conventional minimal access surgery (MAS): Study period ranges between February 2015 and April 2016.

A Provisional Experience with Robot-Assisted Soave Procedure for Older Children with Hirschsprung Disease: Back to the Future?

Hirschsprung disease is a congenital disease characterized by intestinal aganglionosis of various extents. Most patients are younger than 1 year of age. Though, a minority of cases can be older or even adult.

Investigating the use of Barrows Cards to improve self-management and reduce healthcare costs in adolescents with blood cancer: a pilot study.

Aim: To test if the Barrows Cards method improves adherence to immunosuppressive therapy self-management following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in adolescents affected by blood cancer and reduce costs.

Background: Chronically ill adolescents need to be helped to improve self-management, make sure they can confidently and safely manage therapy at home and reduce readmissions and costs. We identified the Barrows Cards method, originally used to test decision-making skills and critical thinking in medical students.

Quality of life in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: the subjective impact on children and parents.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in a broad spectrum of physical and psychosocial consequences, both to patient and caregivers. This study was aimed to explore health-related quality of life and its possible determinants in Duchenne muscular dystrophy children and in their parents. Caregivers (21 mothers and 6 fathers; mean age, 40.