COVID-19 beyond the lungs: Unraveling its vascular impact and cardiovascular complications-mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is primarily a respiratory illness but significantly affects the cardiovascular system as well. After entering the body through the respiratory tract, the virus directly and indirectly disrupts the vascular system. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs), which express ACE2 and TMPRSS2, are targets for viral invasion.

Centella asiatica mitigates the detrimental effects of Bisphenol-A (BPA) on pancreatic islets.

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is widely used in food packaging and household products, leading to daily human exposure and potential health risks including metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Understanding BPA's mechanisms and developing intervention strategies is urgent. Centella asiatica, a traditional herbal medicine containing pentacyclic triterpenoids, shows promise due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, utilized for centuries in Ayurvedic therapy.

Exploring aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a target for Bisphenol-A (BPA)-induced pancreatic islet toxicity and impaired glucose homeostasis: Protective efficacy of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica.

The estrogenic impact of Bisphenol-A (BPA), a widely recognized endocrine disruptor, causes disruption of pancreatic β-cell function through estrogen receptors (ERs). While BPA's binding affinity for ERs is significantly lower than that of its natural counterpart, estrogen, recent observations of BPA's affinity for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in specific cellular contexts have sparked a specific question: does AhR play a role in BPA's toxicological effects within the endocrine pancreas? To explore this question, we investigated BPA's (10 and 100 μg/ kg body weight/day for 21 days) potential to activate AhR within pancreatic islets and assessed the protective role of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (CA) (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day for 21 days) against BPA-mediated toxicity in mouse model. Our results indicate that BPA effectively triggers the activation of AhR and modulates its target genes within pancreatic islets.

Molecular dissection of cellular response of pancreatic islet cells to Bisphenol-A (BPA): A comprehensive review.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical which poses great concern because of its high proportionate industrial production, omnipresent human exposure and budding toxic consequences in human. A plethora of previous studies has connected BPA to a variety of negative health outcomes and diabetes mellitus is among the first bencher. However, there is disagreement over the degree of toxic effects generated by low and high doses of BPA and critical period of exposure.

Dichlorophene activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) to mediate splenotoxicity in rat.

Dichlorophene (DCP) is a halogenated phenolic compound, widely used as fungicide, bactericide and antiprotozoan and also exhibit therapeutic application in several pathological conditions. Taking account of broad use of DCP, its possible effect on spleen (an important immune organ) was investigated in this study. Male albino rats were treated with graded doses of DCP (10%, 20% and 30% of LD50) and spleen and blood were obtained at 24, 48 and 72 hours post treatment.

Altered composition of high-lipid diet may generate reactive oxygen species by disturbing the balance of antioxidant and free radicals.

Background In the present era, obesity is increasing rapidly, and high dietary intake of lipid could be a noteworthy risk factor for the occasion of obesity, as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is the independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. For a long time, high-lipid diet (HLD) in "fast food" is turning into part of our everyday life. So, we were interested in fulfilling the paucity of studies by means of preliminary evaluation of these three alternative doses of HLD on a rat model and elucidating the possible mechanism of these effects and divulging the most alarming dose.

Association between duration of coal dust exposure and respiratory impairment in coal miners of West Bengal, India.

. The prevalence and severity of respiratory disorders are very high among coal miners as continuous exposure of workers in such an environment leads to accumulation of dust in the lungs. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of lung function impairment and to determine whether there is any correlation between dust exposure duration and lung function indices.

Protective efficacy of Tinospora sinensis against streptozotocin induced pancreatic islet cell injuries of diabetic rats and its correlation to its phytochemical profiles.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tinospora sinensis Lour. (Merr.) belongs to the family Menispermaceae and its stem extract have been used traditionally in broad aspects of therapeutic remedies including debility, dyspepsia, fever, jaundice, ulcer, bronchitis, urinary disease, skin disease, liver disease and diabetes.

Radioprotective effect of ethanolic extract of on γ-irradiation-induced reproductive alterations in ovary and uterus.

Evaluation of the modulatory effect of ethanolic extract of tuber (EEAIT) against γ-irradiation induced ovarian and uterine toxicity. Extract preparation was done by 80% hydro-ethanol using Soxhlet apparatus. EEAIT was administered to female Swiss albino mice ( 5) daily (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/d) for 7 days before γ-irradiation exposure (2.

Combined effect of coal dust exposure and smoking on the prevalence of respiratory impairment among coal miners of West Bengal, India.

Accelerating prevalence of coal workers pneumoconiosis is considered as a serious occupational health problem. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the prevalence of lung function impairment of underground coal miners in West Bengal, India. A total of 230 underground coal dust-exposed subjects and 130 nonexposed subjects were examined for lung function test and also information on sociodemographic characteristics, addiction, respiratory morbidity, personnel protective equipment and dust exposure were collected.

Cold stress modulates redox signalling in murine fresh bone marrow cells and promotes osteoclast transformation.

Alteration of redox signalling and RANK-L expression in FBMCs of mice exposed to different intensities of cold stress (15 °C, 8 °C and 4 °C) were studied. To understand the effects of varying intensities of cold stress on murine FBMCs and its impact on osteoclastogenesis. FBMCs were isolated from mice exposed to different intensities of cold stress and used for immunoblotting and biochemical assays.

Inhibition of catalase activity with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole intensifies bisphenol A (BPA)-induced toxicity in granulosa cells of female albino rats.

Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor and environmental toxicant, is associated with adverse estrogenic effects in both humans and wildlife species. Because the effects of BPA on the ovary at the cellular level are incompletely understood, the present study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanism of granulosa cell injury following BPA exposure. Eight-week-old female Wistar rats were treated with BPA (25 mg/kg BW/day for 9 days, intraperitonially) with or without pretreatment of the catalase-specific blocker 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ; 1 g/kg BW/day for 5 days, intraperitonially).

Targeting mitochondria with folic acid and vitamin B ameliorates nicotine mediated islet cell dysfunction.

Nicotine, one of the well-known highly toxic components of cigarette smoke, causes a number of adverse health effects and diseases. Our previous study has shown that nicotine induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in islet cell and disrupts islet cell mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). However, supplementation with folic acid and vitamin B were found effective against nicotine induced changes in pancreatic islet cells.