Impact of Remdesivir on long-term outcomes in lung transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented considerable challenges for lung transplant (LTx) recipients, a population inherently at high risk for severe complications. Although early data from the pandemic indicated worrisome outcomes for these patients, understanding the current context of SARS-CoV-2 infections is essential to inform ongoing management strategies. The efficacy of anti-viral treatments, including Remdesivir (RDV), remains uncertain.

Thrombotic Microangiopathy After Lung Transplantation: A Retrospective Observational Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a well-recognized complication of solid-organ transplantation that chiefly affects the kidneys. The objective of this study was to describe TMA features and outcomes after lung transplantation.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with TMA following lung or heart-lung transplantation at eight French centers in 2006-2023.

Parenchyma-Sparing Bronchial Sleeve Resection in Low-Grade Malignant Diseases.

: Sleeve and wedge bronchial resections without removal of lung tissue may represent a surgical option in selected cases of low-grade neoplasms. This study is a retrospective analysis of the surgical technique and the short- and long- term results of bronchial sleeve resections performed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Careggi Hospital in Florence, Italy, and in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Marie Lannelongue Hospital in Plessis Robinson, France. : Between January 2017 and October 2024, 25 patients with low-grade tumors underwent bronchial sleeve resection with total lung-sparing.

ISHLT consensus statement on the perioperative use of ECLS in lung transplantation: Part III: Postoperative considerations.

The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) throughout the perioperative phase of lung transplantation requires nuanced planning and execution by an integrated team of multidisciplinary experts. To date, no multidisciplinary consensus document has examined the perioperative considerations of how to best manage these patients. To address this challenge, this perioperative utilization of ECLS in lung transplantation consensus statement was approved for development by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Standards and Guidelines Committee.

Characterization, Prognosis, and Treatment of Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Retrospective Study of the French GTE, ENDOCAN RENATEN, and RYTHMIC Networks.

Introduction: Thymic neuroendocrine tumors (Thy-NETs) constitute a poorly characterized ultrarare subgroup of NET. To characterize locally advanced or metastatic Thy-NET, to evaluate prognostic factors for survival, and to provide an overview of their current therapeutic management in two dedicated French national networks.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter study of two French ENDOCAN-RENATEN and RYTHMIC networks.

Approach to Lung Transplantation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Delphi Consensus on Behalf of the Transplant Task Force of the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute.

Lung transplantation is indicated for selected patients with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We used a modified Delphi process to develop recommendations on care of patients with PAH undergoing lung transplantation. This Delphi panel was recruited from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute's Innovative Drug Discovery Initiative - Lung Transplantation Workstream, consisting of clinical and research experts in PAH and lung transplantation.

NR1D1::MAML3 Fusion in an Aggressive Mesenchymal Neoplasm.

NR1D1-rearranged tumors are distinct mesenchymal neoplasms with epithelioid morphology and aggressive potential. This report presents an 85-year-old male with a slow-growing sternal mass identified as a pseudo-cyst, characterized by a dense proliferation of epithelioid tumor cells. These cells exhibited pale cytoplasm and uniform oval nuclei, with some areas of spindle cells and extensive necrosis.

Ca Cycling Alteration in a Porcine Model of Right Ventricular Dysfunction.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a severe disease with high mortality rates due to right ventricular (RV) failure. The molecular and cellular processes involved in RV remodeling, including Ca handling, remain elusive due to the lack of relevant animal models. In this study, we aim to understand better the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in RV failure.

Acquired Nonmalignant Tracheoesophageal Fistula: Changing Causes and Surgical Methods Over 40 Years.

Objective: Our aim was to assess changes in causes, surgical treatments, and outcomes of Acquired non-malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (ANM-TEF) over 40 years of experience.

Background: ANM-TEF are rare but life-threatening disease. Their management are not well established.

Suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia in pulmonary thromboendarterectomy: retrospective cohort.

Objectives: Heparin is given for anticoagulation during and after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Our objective was to add to the limited data available on the incidence, management and outcomes of suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: This retrospective single-centre study included consecutive patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy done in 2005-2018.

Feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery as a redo chest approach for lung resection in patients with a history of surgical procedures on the same side.

Background: Thoracic surgeons are increasingly facing situations for which patients are eligible for iterative thoracic surgery. With growing experience in minimally invasive thoracic surgery, the question of the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive redo procedure is rising. Our study aims to report the results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) as surgical approach for reintervention after a previous ipsilateral intrathoracic surgery.

Exploring the Endothelin-1 pathway in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension microvasculopathy.

Targeted vasopeptide therapies have significantly advanced the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, due to insufficient preclinical evidence regarding the involvement of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) pathway in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) pathophysiology, the potential of ET-1 receptor antagonism in treating CTEPH remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the role of the ET-1 pathway in CTEPH microvasculopathy using a multifaceted approach.

ISHLT consensus statement on the perioperative use of ECLS in lung transplantation: Part II: Intraoperative considerations.

The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) throughout the perioperative phase of lung transplantation requires nuanced planning and execution by an integrated team of multidisciplinary experts. To date, no multidisciplinary consensus document has examined the perioperative considerations of how to best manage these patients. To address this challenge, this perioperative utilization of ECLS in lung transplantation consensus statement was approved for development by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Standards and Guidelines Committee.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for proximal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients ineligible for pulmonary endarterectomy.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is generally reserved for distal obstruction precluding pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) but can be used in patients with proximal disease who are at high surgical risk or refuse surgery. This single-center retrospective study compared BPA efficacy in patients with proximal versus distal CTEPH. Of the 478 patients, 36 had proximal disease, follow-up was 11.

Transplantation, bridging, and support technologies in pulmonary hypertension.

Despite the progress made in medical therapies for treating pulmonary hypertension (PH), a subset of patients remain susceptible to developing a maladaptive right ventricular phenotype. The effective management of end-stage PH presents substantial challenges, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach and early identification of patients prone to acute decompensation. Identifying potential transplant candidates and assessing the feasibility of such a procedure are pivotal tasks that should be undertaken early in the treatment algorithm.

Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: New Challenges with Immune Checkpoint Blockers and Targeted Therapies.

The recent advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has dramatically modified treatment strategies by improving the prognosis in this setting. Osimertinib and alectinib, both TKIs, have shown significant improvements in outcomes for patients with resected - and -positive NSCLC, respectively, changing the standard of care in these subgroups. More recently, the LAURA trial showed the efficacy of osimertinib after chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC harboring mutations.

Outcomes of right sleeve lower lobectomy vs. lower bilobectomy for lung malignancies.

Objectives: Lower bilobectomy (LBL) leaves a residual pleural space potentially associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. In selected patients, right sleeve lower lobectomy (RSLL) with anastomosis between the middle lobe bronchus and intermediate bronchus is feasible. The outcomes of RSLL and LBL have not been compared.

Vena cava leiomyosarcoma surgery results in a retrospective cohort of 41 patients from two centers.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava (LMS-VC) is a rare entity with poor oncological outcomes and a lack of histological staging prognostic factors.

Methods: Outcomes of consecutive patients operated on LMS-VC between March 2003 and May 2022, in two specialized sarcoma centers were reported.

Result: Forty-one patients were identified.

Management of neo-esophagus-airway fistula after esophagectomy for oesophageal cancer: systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Neo-oesophageal-airway fistula (NEAF) between gastric conduit and airway is a rare but life-threatening complication of oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer. Optimal treatment remains unknown. A meta-analysis of good-quality case series may help determine whether nonoperative management (NOM) only, upfront surgery (S), or NOM followed by surgery is associated with better 1-year post-treatment mortality, resumption of oral diet and fistula recurrence.

Dietary intake and glutamine-serine metabolism control pathologic vascular stiffness.

Perivascular collagen deposition by activated fibroblasts promotes vascular stiffening and drives cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension (PH). Whether and how vascular fibroblasts rewire their metabolism to sustain collagen biosynthesis remains unknown. Here, we found that inflammation, hypoxia, and mechanical stress converge on activating the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (WWTR1) in pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts (PAAFs).