A review of bioceramics scaffolds for bone defects in different types of animal models: HA and-TCP.

Increased life expectancy has led to an increase in the use of bone substitutes in numerous nations, with over two million bone-grafting surgeries performed worldwide each year. A bone defect can be caused by trauma, infections, and tissue resections which can self-heal due to the osteoconductive nature of the native extracellular matrix components. However, natural self-healing is time-consuming, and new bone regeneration is slow, especially for large bone defects.

Fabrication of alginate microspheres for drug delivery: A review.

Alginate microspheres (AMs) have received much attention as a novel drug delivery system owing to various advantages of alginate such as inexpensiveness, nontoxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The well-designed fabrication method is essential to achieve desired AMs suitable for specific drug delivery system. Reports on AMs preparation techniques have increased rapidly in the last decade.

Effect of precursor's solubility on the mechanical property of hydroxyapatite formed by dissolution-precipitation reaction of tricalcium phosphate.

The effect of the solubility of the precursors, alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) on the mechanical strength of hydroxyapatite (HAp) bone substitute was investigated. Uniaxially pressed block starting from these precursors were treated hydrothermally with 1 mol/L of ammonia solution at 200°C for various durations. XRD analysis revealed that α-TCP block took 3 h whereas β-TCP block took 240 h for complete transformation to HAp.