State of the Art of Low-Frequency Acoustic Modulation: Intensity Enhancement and Directional Control.

High-intensity low-frequency acoustic sources with directivity play a significant role in various fields such as medical treatment, underwater communication, and environmental monitoring. However, the long wavelengths, strong penetration, and their tendency to easily diffract of low-frequency acoustic waves make it challenging to achieve directional control and intensity enhancement. Thanks to the development of acoustic metamaterials, acoustic devices can now effectively manipulate low-frequency acoustic waves at subwavelength scales with excellent acoustic performance.

Advances in heart failure monitoring: Biosensors targeting molecular markers in peripheral bio-fluids.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially chronic heart failure, threaten many patients' lives worldwide. Because of its slow course and complex causes, its clinical screening, diagnosis, and prognosis are essential challenges. Clinical biomarkers and biosensor technologies can rapidly screen and diagnose.

Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials for Protein Biomarker Detection in Saliva.

The focus on precise medicine enhances the need for timely diagnosis and frequent monitoring of chronic diseases. Moreover, the recent pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 poses a great demand for rapid detection and surveillance of viral infections. The detection of protein biomarkers and antigens in the saliva allows rapid identification of diseases or disease changes in scenarios where and when the test response at the point of care is mandated.

Electrochemical methods for detection of biomarkers of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in serum and saliva.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death nowadays, and its underdiagnosis is still a great challenge. More effective diagnosis method is in urgent need since the traditional spirometry has many limitations in the practical application. The electrochemical (EC) detection methods have their unique advantages of high accuracy, short response time and easy integration of the system.

A fluorimetric nitrite biosensor with polythienothiophene-fullerene thin film detectors for on-site water monitoring.

A novel fluorimetric sensor for highly sensitive nitrite detection on the site is presented in this study. The proposed on-chip approach comprises the use of integrated polymer photodetectors to detect light from fluorescence reactions with a diaminofluorescein probe. The detectors were prepared with a heterostructured nanofilm of polythieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene and (6,6)-phenyl-C-butyric-acid methyl-ester as a photoactive layer.

Immunodetection of salivary biomarkers by an optical microfluidic biosensor with polyethylenimine-modified polythiophene-C organic photodetectors.

This work reports a novel optical microfluidic biosensor with highly sensitive organic photodetectors (OPDs) for absorbance-based detection of salivary protein biomarkers at the point of care. The compact and miniaturized biosensor has comprised OPDs made of polythiophene-C bulk heterojunction for the photoactive layer; whilst a calcium-free cathode interfacial layer, made of linear polyethylenimine, was incorporated to the photodetectors to enhance the low cost. The OPDs realized onto a glass chip were aligned to antibody-functionalized chambers of a poly(methyl methacrylate) microfluidic chip, in where immunogold-silver assays were conducted.

Recent developments in optical detection technologies in lab-on-a-chip devices for biosensing applications.

The field of microfluidics has yet to develop practical devices that provide real clinical value. One of the main reasons for this is the difficulty in realizing low-cost, sensitive, reproducible, and portable analyte detection microfluidic systems. Previous research has addressed two main approaches for the detection technologies in lab-on-a-chip devices: (a) study of the compatibility of conventional instrumentation with microfluidic structures, and (b) integration of innovative sensors contained within the microfluidic system.

A cascade-like silicon filter for improved recovery of oocysts from environmental waters.

Standard filtration methods have been characterized by poor recoveries when processing large-volume samples of environmental water. A method to pre-remove particulates present in turbid waters would be necessary to enhance recovery of protozoan oocysts. Particulate separation can be achieved by the proposed multiplex particle refining (MPR) system.

Ultrasensitive opto-microfluidic immunosensor integrating gold nanoparticle-enhanced chemiluminescence and highly stable organic photodetector.

The expensive fabrication of current opto-microfluidic sensors is a barrier to the successful adoption of these devices in point-of-care testing. This work reports a simple inexpensive opto-microfluidic device incorporating a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-glass hybrid microfluidic chip modified with gold nanoparticles and a high-detectivity, high-stability organic photodetector. The enhancing effect of the gold nanoparticles on horseradish peroxidase-luminol-H2O2 chemiluminescence was exploited in rapid single-analyte immunoassays.

Recovery of Cryptosporidium and Giardia organisms from surface water by counter-flow refining microfiltration.

As waterborne parasitic cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis outbreaks continue globally, monitoring of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in surface water continues to be challenging. Lack of non-clogging and high-efficiency methods for recovery of C. parvum oocysts and G.

Microfluidic biosensor array with integrated poly(2,7-carbazole)/fullerene-based photodiodes for rapid multiplexed detection of pathogens.

A multiplexed microfluidic biosensor made of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) was integrated into an array of organic blend heterojunction photodiodes (OPDs) for chemiluminescent detection of pathogens. Waterborne Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni and adenovirus were targeted in the PMMA chip, and detection of captured pathogens was conducted by poly(2,7-carbazole)/fullerene OPDs which showed a responsivity over 0.20 A/W at 425 nm.

Integrated optical microfluidic biosensor using a polycarbazole photodetector for point-of-care detection of hormonal compounds.

A picogram-sensitive optical microfluidic biosensor using an integrated polycarbazole photodiode is developed. The photodetector is mainly composed of the blend heterojunction of poly [N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole transport layer. Analyte detection is accomplished via a chemiluminescent immunoassay performed in a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-gold-glass hybrid microchip, on which antibodies were immobilized and chemiluminescent horseradish peroxidase-luminol-peroxide reactions were generated.

WITHDRAWN: Multiplex particle refining system to enhance Cryptosporidium recovery for surface water filtration methods.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.org/doi:10.1016/j.