Risk factors for early suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia in severe thoracic blunt trauma patient: A French national cohort study.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common infection in severely injured patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Chest trauma has been identified as a significant risk factor for VAP. This study aimed to describe the risk factors for early VAP in patients with severe blunt thoracic trauma admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and receiving mechanical ventilation.

The effect of concurrent acetylsalicylic acid on hemorrhagic complications during percutaneous image-guided lung biopsy.

Background: CT-guided trans-thoracic lung biopsy (CT-TTLB) is efficient and widely used to diagnose pulmonary nodules. After pneumothorax, the second most frequent complication is hemoptysis, which can be life-threatening. These patients often have comorbidities and are on acetylsalicylic-acid (ASA) therapy.

Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With ESKD.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. This cognitive impairment is associated with an increased permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rodents with CKD, linked to activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by indoxyl sulphate (IS). The objective of the BREIN study was to confirm the increased BBB permeability in humans with CKD.

Fully automated epicardial adipose tissue volume quantification with deep learning and relationship with CAC score and micro/macrovascular complications in people living with type 2 diabetes: the multicenter EPIDIAB study.

Background: The aim of this study (EPIDIAB) was to assess the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and the micro and macrovascular complications (MVC) of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: EPIDIAB is a post hoc analysis from the AngioSafe T2D study, which is a multicentric study aimed at determining the safety of antihyperglycemic drugs on retina and including patients with T2D screened for diabetic retinopathy (DR) (n = 7200) and deeply phenotyped for MVC. Patients included who had undergone cardiac CT for CAC (Coronary Artery Calcium) scoring after inclusion (n = 1253) were tested with a validated deep learning segmentation pipeline for EAT volume quantification.

Protective role of macrophages from maternal-fetal interface in unvaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 pregnant women.

Pregnant women represent a high-risk population for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported in placenta from infected pregnant women, but whether the virus influences placenta immune response remains unclear. We investigated the properties of maternal-fetal interface macrophages (MFMs) in a cohort of unvaccinated women who contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during their pregnancy.

Pleural lung sliding quantification using a speckle tracking technology: A feasibility study on 30 healthy volunteers.

Introduction: Speckle tracking technology quantifies lung sliding and detects lung sliding abolition in case of pneumothorax on selected ultrasound loops through the analysis of acoustic markers.

Objectives: We aimed to test the ability of speckle tracking technology to quantify lung sliding using a pleural strain value (PS).

Methods: We performed a prospective study in 30 healthy volunteers in whom we assessed the pleural speckle tracking using ultrasound loops.

Degenerative mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflet: sex-related differences in presentation, management, and outcomes.

Background And Aims: Presentation, outcome, and management of females with degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) are undefined. We analysed sex-specific baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics at referral for DMR due to flail leaflets and subsequent management and outcomes.

Methods: In the Mitral Regurgitation International Database (MIDA) international registry, females were compared with males regarding presentation at referral, management, and outcome (survival/heart failure), under medical treatment, post-operatively, and encompassing all follow-up.

Atrioventricular conduction disorders in aortic valve infective endocarditis.

Background: Aortic valve infective endocarditis may be complicated by high-degree atrioventricular block in up to 10-20% of cases.

Aim: To assess high-degree atrioventricular block occurrence, contributing factors, prognosis and evolution in patients referred for aortic infective endocarditis.

Methods: Two hundred and five patients referred for aortic valve infective endocarditis between January 2018 and March 2021 were included in this study.

Evaluation of preventive tract embolization with standardized gelatin sponge slurry on chest tube placement rate after CT-guided lung biopsy: a propensity score analysis.

Background: To evaluate the effect of tract embolization (TE) with gelatin sponge slurries during a percutaneous lung biopsy on chest tube placement and to evaluate the predictive factors of chest tube placement.

Methods: Percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsies performed with (TE) or without (non-TE) tract embolization or between June 2012 and December 2021 at three referral tertiary centers were retrospectively analyzed. The exclusion criteria were mediastinal biopsies, pleural tumors, and tumors adjacent to the pleura without pleural crossing.

Impact of targeted pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies in severe pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases.

Research Questions: Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic lung disease have a poor prognosis. Targeted pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies might improve exercise capacity and outcome, but there are no guidelines on treatments which are not recommended because of an unproven benefit, with discordant results from few studies in this context. The aim of our study was to evaluate targeted pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies for severe group 3 pulmonary hypertension patients.

Is the Epithor conversion score reliable in robotic-assisted surgery anatomical lung resection?

Objectives: Despite an improvement in surgical abilities, the need for an intraoperative switch from a minimally invasive procedure towards an open surgery (conversion) still remains. To anticipate this risk, the Epithor conversion score (ECS) has been described for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Our objective was to determine if this score, developed for VATS, is applicable in robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS).

Chorionicity and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5½ years among twins born preterm: the EPIPAGE2 cohort study.

Objective: To compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm twins at 5½ years by chorionicity of pregnancy.

Design: Prospective nationwide population-based EPIPAGE2 (Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Âges Gestationnels) cohort study.

Setting: A total of 546 maternity units in France, between March and December 2011.

Impact of cardiac surgical timing on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of newborns with Complex congenital heart disease (CHD).

Background: More than half of infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) will have a neurodevelopmental disorder of multifactorial causes. The preoperative period represents a time-window during which neonates with complex CHD are in a state of hypoxia and hemodynamic instability, which fosters the emergence of brain injuries and, thus, affects early brain networks and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal age for cardiac surgery in terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes, and its definition is a real challenge.

Reintervention of Residual Aortic Dissection after Type A Aortic Repair: Results of a Prospective Follow-Up at 5 Years.

Background After a type A aortic dissection repair, a patent false lumen in the descending aorta is the most common situation encountered, and is a well-known risk factor for aortic growth, reinterventions and mortality. The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term results of residual aortic dissection (RAD) at a high-volume aortic center with prospective follow-up. Methods In this prospective single-center study, all patients operated for type A aortic dissection between January 2017 and December 2022 were included.

Prognostic value of forward flow indices in primary mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse.

Background: Degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) due to mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common valve disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timing for surgery is debated for asymptomatic patients without Class I indication, prompting the search for novel parameters of early left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.

Aims: To evaluate the prognostic impact of preoperative forward flow indices on the occurrence of post-operative LV systolic dysfunction.

Early humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in patients living with obesity and diabetes in France. The COVPOP OBEDIAB study with results from the ANRS0001S COV-POPART cohort.

Background: Patients with diabetes and obesity are populations at high-risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes and have shown blunted immune responses when administered different vaccines. Here we used the 'ANRS0001S COV-POPART' French nationwide multicenter prospective cohort to investigate early humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in the sub-cohort ('COVPOP OBEDIAB') of patients with obesity and diabetes.

Methods: Patients with diabetes (n = 390, type 1 or 2) or obesity (n = 357) who had received two vaccine doses and had no history of previous COVID-19 infection and negative anti-nucleocapsid (NCP) antibodies were included and compared against healthy subjects (n = 573).

Real-life clinical impact of a five-tiered classification of pituitary tumors.

Introduction: Usually benign, pituitary tumors (PT) can be invasive and aggressive with a propensity to progress and/or recur. Trouillas's clinicopathological classification attempts to predict the evolutionary risk of a PT. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of this classification in an independent patient cohort and analyzed its impact on treatment strategies.