Understanding late-onset neurological deficit in severe rigid Scoliosis: A comprehensive review.

A neurological deficit (ND) is one of the dreaded complications of spinal deformity. While most are associated with the corrective procedure itself, neurological deficits can also be present preoperatively. Postoperatively, these deficits can manifest either immediately as a perioperative new-onset neuro deficit (PNND) or emerge later as a delayed-onset postoperative neuro deficit (DPND).

Posterior Decompression and Arthrodesis in Congenital Atlantoaxial Subluxation and Associated Complex Vertebral Artery Anomaly: A Case Report.

Introduction: The overall incidence of vertebral artery (VA) variations is 2-3%, but among patients with congenital anomalies at the cranio-vertebral junction, it is 20%. Knowing these anomalies is important, if failed to recognize can lead to VA injury during surgery and subsequent cerebrovascular accidents.

Case Report: A 14-year-old boy presenting with progressive weakness of bilateral upper limb and lower limb was diagnosed as case of supra-axial cervical myelopathy due to congenital atlantoaxial subluxation with fenestration of VA and high-riding VA.

Defining surgical indication for instability in spinal tuberculosis: validation analysis of Tuberculosis Spine Instability Score (TSIS) : a prospective observational cohort study.

Aims: In the absence of neurological deficits, the decision for surgery in spinal tuberculosis (STB) depends on the individual experiences of the surgeons, which may differ widely. There is currently no universal consensus on an objective definition of instability in STB. The Tuberculosis Spine Instability Score (TSIS) was developed to discriminate between the stable and unstable spine in STB.

Residents Vote! A Framework and Toolkit to Improve Resident Voting Rates.

Elections substantially impact health care, yet physicians vote less frequently compared to the general population. Engaging residents and fellows in elections, during training when professional identities are formed, may improve physician voting rates. To examine the feasibility and acceptability of a centralized, institution-wide approach to improve graduate medical education (GME) trainee awareness, registration, and participation in the electoral process.

Finite element analysis and its application in Orthopaedics: A narrative review.

Orthopedic surgery and traumatology necessitate cost-effective approaches that can be replicated across multiple venues. Finite Element (FE) simulation models have evolved as a solution, allowing for consistent investigations into biomechanical systems. Finite Element Analysis (FEA), which began in the 1950s aviation industry, has since expanded into orthopedics.

Craniovertebral Junction Tuberculosis, a Rare Presentation With Hypoglossal and Facial Nerve Palsy: A Case Report.

Case: A 47-year-old man presented with neck pain, restricted neck movements, along with involvement of facial and hypoglossal nerve. On the basis of clinico-radiological correlation, the patient was diagnosed with craniovertebral junction tuberculosis and was started on antitubercular therapy (ATT). Failing the conservative trial, the patient was operated and occipitocervical fusion was done with bone grafting.

Surgical management of thoracolumbar burst fractures by three different posterior techniques: A prospective comparative study.

Study Design: Prospective Comparative Study.

Objectives: This study aims to study the outcome of thoracolumbar burst fractures by comparison of 3 different posterior constructs groups of patients treated by the posterior approach.

Setting: University level Tertiary care Centre of Northern India.

A perioperative predictive model of early mortality in acute cervical spinal cord injury: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Traumatic cervical spine injury is common among spinal cord injury which requires an intensive, multidisciplinary approach which can affect the immediate postoperative hospital survival rate. By identifying the risk factors leading to early mortality in cervical spine trauma patients, the prognosis of patients with TCSCI can be better predicted.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the variables influencing in-hospital mortality in cervical spine trauma patients treated at a Level I trauma Center.

Healing Assessment of Spinal Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Deciding the healing end point in spinal tuberculosis (STB) remains a controversial topic. The current systematic review aims to address the controversy existing in the literature to find a comprehensive method to assess healing in STB.

Methods: A thorough literature search was carried out for studies with the assessment of healing parameters in STB.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - phenotypic variations beyond wall thickness.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the absence of another causal disease. Several morphologic and histologic changes have been described. Given the morbidity and mortality associated with HCM, understanding these anatomic variations is key to interpreting imaging.

Deformity Correction with Interbody Fusion Using Lateral versus Posterior Approach in Adult Degenerative Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Observational Meta-analysis.

This study was designed to systematically review and meta-analyze the functional and radiological outcomes between lateral and posterior approaches in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). Both lateral (lumbar, extreme, and oblique) and posterior interbody fusion (posterior lumbar and transforaminal) are used for deformity correction in patients with ADS with unclear comparison in this cohort of patients in the existing literature. A literature search using three electronic databases was performed to identify studies that reported outcomes of lateral (group L) and posterior interbody fusion (group P) in patients with ADS with curves of 10°-40°.

A Practical Review of the Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphomas.

This review of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) is focused on the clinical presentation, treatment, and workup of each type of lymphoma. Part 1 is an overview of each of the CBCLs, including clinical presentation, recent advances in the pathobiology, and evidence regarding treatment strategies. Part 2 is a detailed guide to the steps in diagnosis and workup of a newly diagnosed CBCL according to the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphoma/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and NCCN guidelines.

Patient perspectives of the climate of diversity, equity, and inclusion in the emergency department.

Objective: Assessing the diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) climate of emergency departments (EDs) can inform organizational change to provide equitable, inclusive, and high-quality care to their diverse patient populations. The purpose of this project was to investigate patient perspectives on the climate of DEI in an urban ED.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey study conducted in a large-volume, urban ED in Detroit, MI, from November 2018 to January 2019.

Is Final Fusion Necessary for Growing-Rod Graduates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The need for definitive fusion for growing rod graduates is a controversial topic in the management of Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) patients. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the available literature to evaluate the outcomes of growing rod graduates undergoing final fusion or observation with implants in-situ.

Is it Safe to Save Levels and Choose the Lowest Instrumented Vertebra as Touched Vertebra While Selectively Fusing Lenke 1/2 Curves? A Proportional Meta-Analysis of Existing Evidence.

Study Design: Meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treated by selective thoracic fusion (STF) with lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) at touched vertebra (TV) vs stable vertebra (SV).

Methods: The databases PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar were searched until November 2020.

The positive-negative mode link between brain connectivity, demographics and behaviour: a pre-registered replication of Smith . (2015).

In mental health research, it has proven difficult to find measures of brain function that provide reliable indicators of mental health and well-being, including susceptibility to mental health disorders. Recently, a family of data-driven analyses have provided such reliable measures when applied to large, population-level datasets. In the current pre-registered replication study, we show that the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) methods previously developed using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging functional connectivity and subject measures (SMs) of cognition and behaviour from healthy adults are also effective in measuring well-being (a 'positive-negative axis') in an independent developmental dataset.

Neglected floating cervical spine fracture with myelopathy and Anderson lesion of D2 D3: report of an unusual case.

Introduction: The cervical spine is the most commonly affected region in traumatic spine injuries of patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), accounting for 75% of cases, followed by the thoracic and lumbar spine. The fracture may not be detectable in plain radiographs alone due to pre-existing kyphotic deformity with distorted anatomy and high-riding shoulders.

Case Presentation: We present a case with a floating cervical spine following a trivial trauma injury and with cervical myelopathy symptoms.

Acute spine care services during covid-19 pandemic and 'lockdown': case series and our perspective from a level 1 trauma centre.

Study Design: Case Series.

Objective: Sudden 'lockdown' to contain spread of SarsCoV-2 infection had far-reaching consequences on the Spine Unit of our tertiary care hospital, situated in a hilly-region of Northern India. We intend to share our experience of providing care for acute spinal disorders from 23rd March, 2020, when nationwide lockdown and closure of elective services started in our country, to till 12th May, 2020, and to formulate few recommendations at the end.